Gilbert de Clare, 4th Earl of Hertford, 5th Earl of Gloucester, 1st Lord of Glamorgan, 7th Lord of Clare (1180 – 25 October 1230) was the son of
Richard de Clare, 3rd Earl of Hertford (c. 1153–1217), from whom he inherited the Clare estates. He also inherited from his mother,
Amice Fitz William, the estates of
Gloucester
Gloucester ( ) is a cathedral city, non-metropolitan district and the county town of Gloucestershire in the South West England, South West of England. Gloucester lies on the River Severn, between the Cotswolds to the east and the Forest of Dean ...
and the honour of St. Hilary, and from
Rohese, an ancestor, the moiety of the Giffard estates. In June 1202, he was entrusted with the lands of
Harfleur
Harfleur () is a Communes of France, commune in the Seine-Maritime Departments of France, department in the Normandy (administrative region), Normandy Regions of France, region of northern France.
It was the principal seaport in north-western Fr ...
and
Montivilliers in
Normandy
Normandy (; or ) is a geographical and cultural region in northwestern Europe, roughly coextensive with the historical Duchy of Normandy.
Normandy comprises Normandy (administrative region), mainland Normandy (a part of France) and insular N ...
.
Life
In 1215, Gilbert and his father were two of the barons who made
Magna Carta
(Medieval Latin for "Great Charter"), sometimes spelled Magna Charta, is a royal charter of rights agreed to by King John of England at Runnymede, near Windsor, on 15 June 1215. First drafted by the Archbishop of Canterbury, Cardin ...
sureties and championed
Louis "le Dauphin" of France in the
First Barons' War
The First Barons' War (1215–1217) was a civil war in the Kingdom of England in which a group of rebellious major landowners (commonly referred to as English feudal barony, barons) led by Robert Fitzwalter waged war against John of England, K ...
, fighting at
Lincoln under the baronial banner. He was taken prisoner in 1217 by
William Marshal, whose daughter
Isabel he later married on 9 October, her 17th birthday.
In 1223, he accompanied his brother-in-law,
Earl Marshal
Earl Marshal (alternatively marschal or marischal) is a hereditary royal officeholder and chivalric title under the Monarchy of the United Kingdom, sovereign of the United Kingdom used in England (then, following the Act of Union 1800, in the U ...
, in an expedition into Wales. In 1225 he was present at the confirmation of Magna Carta by
Henry III. In 1228, he led an army against the Welsh, capturing
Morgan Gam, who was released the next year.
He then joined in an expedition to
Brittany
Brittany ( ) is a peninsula, historical country and cultural area in the north-west of modern France, covering the western part of what was known as Armorica in Roman Gaul. It became an Kingdom of Brittany, independent kingdom and then a Duch ...
, but died on his way back to Penrose in that duchy. His body was conveyed home by way of
Plymouth
Plymouth ( ) is a port city status in the United Kingdom, city and unitary authority in Devon, South West England. It is located on Devon's south coast between the rivers River Plym, Plym and River Tamar, Tamar, about southwest of Exeter and ...
and
Cranborne to
Tewkesbury
Tewkesbury ( ) is a market town and civil parish in the north of Gloucestershire, England. The town grew following the construction of Tewkesbury Abbey in the twelfth century and played a significant role in the Wars of the Roses. It stands at ...
. His arms were: Or, three chevronels gules.
Issue
Gilbert de Clare had six children by his wife
Isabel Marshal, great-grandmother of King
Robert the Bruce
Robert I (11 July 1274 – 7 June 1329), popularly known as Robert the Bruce (), was King of Scots from 1306 until his death in 1329. Robert led Kingdom of Scotland, Scotland during the First War of Scottish Independence against Kingdom of Eng ...
:
*Agnes de Clare (b. 1218)
*
Amice de Clare (1220–1287), who married
Baldwin de Redvers, 6th Earl of Devon
*
Richard de Clare, 6th Earl of Gloucester (1222–1262)
*
Isabel de Clare (1226–1264), who married
Robert de Brus, 5th Lord of Annandale
Robert V de Brus (Robert de Brus), 5th Lord of Annandale, Dumfries and Galloway, Annandale (ca. 1215 – 31 March or 3 May 1295), was a feudal lord, justice and constable of Kingdom of Scotland, Scotland and Kingdom of England, England, a regent ...
*William de Clare (1228–1258)
*Gilbert de Clare (b. 1229)
*Petronilla de Clare, of Instow, Devon (b. abt. 1230 - 1320) Abbess of Canonleigh Abbey, Devon (1318). She married John St. John d. 1303, of Ashleigh, Devon, the younger brother of Roger St. John d. 1265 of Stanton-St. John and the elder half-brother of John Despenser. They acquired his brothers' lands (Stanton-St. John, Lageham, Swallowfield) after their rebellion and their lands were confiscated following the Battle of Evesham. This John St. John held Instow, Devon, by way of his wife for the Honour of Gloucester.
His widow Isabel later married the King of the Romans & Earl of Cornwall,
Richard Plantagenet, of the
House of Plantagenet
The House of Plantagenet (Help:IPA/English, /plænˈtædʒənət/ Help:Pronunciation respelling key, ''plan-TAJ-ə-nət'') was a royal house which originated from the Medieval France, French county of Anjou. The name Plantagenet is used by mo ...
.
Arms
File:Gilbert de Clare.jpg, Gilbert's de Clare's coat of arms
File:Coat of arms of Gilbert de Clare, heir to the earldom of Hertford.png, Arms used by Gilbert de Clare, as heir to the earldom of Hertford, and at the sealing of ''Magna Carta''
Footnotes
References
*''Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America Before 1700'' by Frederick Lewis Weis, Lines: 54–30, 63–28, 63–29
{{DEFAULTSORT:Gloucester, Gilbert de Clare, 5th Earl of
1180 births
1230 deaths
Gloucester, Gilbert de Clare, 5th Earl of
De Clare family
12th-century English nobility
Earls of Gloucester
Earls of Hertford
Burials at Tewkesbury Abbey
Lords of Glamorgan