George Mackenzie, 3rd Earl of Cromartie (c. 1703 – 28 September 1766) was a Scottish nobleman.
Life
He succeeded his father John, the 2nd earl, in February 1731. In 1745, he joined
Charles Edward Stuart
Charles Edward Louis John Sylvester Maria Casimir Stuart (31 December 1720 – 30 January 1788) was the elder son of James Francis Edward Stuart, making him the grandson of James VII and II, and the Stuart claimant to the thrones of England, ...
and he served with the
Jacobites until April 1746 when he was taken prisoner in
Sutherland
Sutherland () is a Counties of Scotland, historic county, registration county and lieutenancy areas of Scotland, lieutenancy area in the Scottish Highlands, Highlands of Scotland. The name dates from the Scandinavian Scotland, Viking era when t ...
after the
Battle of Littleferry
The Battle of Littleferry (also known as the Skirmish at Golspie) took place during the Jacobite rising in 1746, just before the Battle of Culloden. Scottish forces loyal to the British-Hanoverian Government defeated a Scottish Jacobite force. ...
.
He was tried and sentenced to death, but he obtained a conditional pardon although his peerage was forfeited,
allegedly because his wife was heavily pregnant.
He was however reduced to extreme poverty, because the family estates and rights were confiscated in 1748.
He died on 28 September 1766 in Soho Square, London, having never gone north of the River Trent again, in keeping with the terms of his pardon.
Family
He married Isabel Gordon, daughter of Sir William Gordon of Invergordon, on 23 September 1724 and had a large family of young children in 1746.
His numerous children, three sons, and nine daughters, were:
[History of the Mackenzies](_blank)
/ref>
*John Mackenzie, Lord MacLeod
John Mackenzie, Lord MacLeod (17272 April 1789) was a Scottish Jacobite politician and soldier of fortune.
Life
Born at Castle Leod near Strathpeffer, Scotland, he was the eldest son of George Mackenzie, 3rd Earl of Cromartie and Isabel Gor ...
, de jure 4th Earl of Cromartie but for the attainder (d. 1789 without issue), eldest son and heir apparent. He fought alongside his father in the rebellion of 1745. He was also convicted of high treason and sentenced to death, but received a full pardon and was released in 1748, on condition that all estates and rights were forfeit to the Crown. He went to Sweden where he rose to high rank and was created a Count in the Swedish nobility
The Swedish nobility (, or , ) has historically been a legally or socially privileged Social class, class in Sweden, and part of the so-called ''frälse'' (a derivation from Old Swedish meaning ''free neck''). The archaic term for nobility, ''fr ...
, a title which was recognized by George II. In 1777 he returned to England and petitioned for the restoration of his estates and offered to raise a Highland Regiment for the Government. This became known as 1st Battalion Highland Light Infantry. He later achieved the rank of Major-General in the British Army. In 1780 Lord MacLeod was elected MP for Ross-shire. In 1784 the family estates were restored to him by Act of Parliament for a payment of £19,000, but not the title Earl of Cromartie. In 1787 he took up residence at New Tarbat which he rebuilt. He had the patronage of Kilmuir Easter church. Lord Macleod married in 1786 Marjory, eldest daughter of James, XVIth Lord Forbes, without issue. he later married John, 4th Duke of Atholl, also without issue Lord MacLeod died childless on 2 April 1789, and was succeeded by his cousin Captain Kenneth Mackenzie, a grandson of the 2nd Earl, who also died without heirs male in 1796. The family estates then passed to Lord MacLeod's eldest sister, Lady Elibank in 1796.
* William, who died young.
* George
George may refer to:
Names
* George (given name)
* George (surname)
People
* George (singer), American-Canadian singer George Nozuka, known by the mononym George
* George Papagheorghe, also known as Jorge / GEØRGE
* George, stage name of Gior ...
, a Colonel in the 71st Regiment, who died unmarried in 1788.
* Isabella Mackenzie (d. 28 December 1801),''ibid''
/ref> who married the elderly George Murray, 6th Lord Elibank
Rear-Admiral George Murray, 6th Lord Elibank (died 11 November 1785) was a British naval officer. He joined the Royal Navy in the early 1720s and fought in the Battle of Porto Bello in 1739 as a lieutenant on board the ship of the line HMS '' ...
(1706–1785), and had two daughters (the younger dying unmarried in 1849). In 1796, Lady Elibank succeeded her cousin Kenneth Mackenzie, de jure 5th Earl of Cromartie (but for the attainder) in the estates. Her great-granddaughter was created Countess of Cromartie, with an unusual remainder, in 1861.
** Hon Maria Murray, who married 1790 Edward Hay, later Hay-Mackenzie, of Newhall, brother of George Hay, 7th Marquis of Tweeddale, originally members of a junior branch of the family descended from the 2nd Marquess of Tweeddale. The brother succeeded to the marquisate in 1797, and had numerous descendants, still holding the title.
*** John Hay-Mackenzie of Newhall (d. 9 July 1849) who married on 23 April 1828, Anne, daughter of Sir Gibson-Craig, Baronet, and had issue, an only daughter
**** Anne Hay-Mackenzie, 1st Countess of Cromartie (d. 1888) in her own right, who married 27 June 1849 the 3rd Duke of Sutherland as his 1st wife, and was mother of two surviving sons and two daughters. This 21 October 1861 creation is still extant, under an unusual remainder.
*Lady Mary, who married, first, Captain Robert Clarke, London; second, Thomas Drayton, South Carolina; third, John Ainslie, Charlestown; and fourth, Henry Middleton
Henry Middleton (1717 – June 13, 1784) was an American politician and planter from South Carolina. A member of the colonial legislature, during the American Revolution he attended the First Continental Congress and served as that body's presi ...
of Charlestown, South Carolina
Charleston is the List of municipalities in South Carolina, most populous city in the U.S. state of South Carolina. The city lies just south of the geographical midpoint of South Carolina's coastline on Charleston Harbor, an inlet of the Atla ...
.
* Lady Anne, who married, first, the Hon. Edmond Atkin, of South Carolina and secondly, Dr John Murray of Charlestown.
* Lady Caroline (1736–1791), who married, first, a Mr Drake, of London, and secondly, Walter Hunter of Polmood and Crailieg.
* Lady Jean, who died young
* Lady Amelia, who died young.
* Lady Margaret, who in 1769 married John Glassford of Douglastown, Dumbarton, with issue.
* Lady Augusta, who married Sir William Murray of Auchtertyre, with issue.
Notes
References
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Cromartie, George Mackenzie, 3rd Earl of
1700s births
1766 deaths
Nobility from Highland (council area)
Scottish prisoners sentenced to death
Jacobite military personnel of the Jacobite rising of 1745
George
George may refer to:
Names
* George (given name)
* George (surname)
People
* George (singer), American-Canadian singer George Nozuka, known by the mononym George
* George Papagheorghe, also known as Jorge / GEØRGE
* George, stage name of Gior ...
Earls of Cromartie (1703 creation)
Prisoners sentenced to death by the United Kingdom
Recipients of British royal pardons