:''Sir George Macartney should not be confused with his kinsman George Macartney, an earlier British statesman.'' Sir George Macartney (; 19 January 1867 –19 May 1945) was the

British British may refer to: Peoples, culture, and language * British people, nationals or natives of the United Kingdom, British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies. * British national identity, the characteristics of British people and culture ...

consul-general A consul is an official representative of a government who resides in a foreign country to assist and protect citizens of the consul's country, and to promote and facilitate commercial and diplomatic relations between the two countries. A consu ...

Kashgar Kashgar () or Kashi ( zh, c=喀什) is a city in the Tarim Basin region of southern Xinjiang, China. It is one of the westernmost cities of China, located near the country's border with Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan. For over 2,000 years, Kashgar ...

at the end of the 19th century. He was succeeded by Percy T. Etherton. Macartney arrived in

Xinjiang Xinjiang,; , SASM/GNC romanization, SASM/GNC: Chinese postal romanization, previously romanized as Sinkiang, officially the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (XUAR), is an Autonomous regions of China, autonomous region of the China, People' ...

in 1890 as an interpreter for the Younghusband expedition. He remained there until 1918. Macartney first proposed the Macartney-MacDonald Line as the boundary between China and India in

Aksai Chin Aksai Chin is a region administered by China partly in Hotan County, Hotan Prefecture, Xinjiang, and partly in Rutog County, Ngari Prefecture, Tibet Autonomous Region, Tibet, and constituting the easternmost portion of the larger Kashmir regio ...

. Macartney was born in

Nanjing Nanjing or Nanking is the capital of Jiangsu, a province in East China. The city, which is located in the southwestern corner of the province, has 11 districts, an administrative area of , and a population of 9,423,400. Situated in the Yang ...

and was half-Chinese while his godfather was Chinese politician

Li Hongzhang Li Hongzhang, Marquess Suyi ( zh, t=李鴻章; also Li Hung-chang; February 15, 1823 – November 7, 1901) was a Chinese statesman, general and diplomat of the late Qing dynasty. He quelled several major rebellions and served in importan ...

. His father, Halliday Macartney, was a member of the same family as George Macartney, the 18th century British ambassador to China, and his mother was a near relative of Lar Wang, one of the leaders of the Taiping rebellion. Macartney married Catherine Borland in 1898. In Kashgar his wife, Catherine, Lady Macartney, assisted the

archaeologists Archaeology or archeology is the study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture. The archaeological record consists of Artifact (archaeology), artifacts, architecture, biofact (archaeology), biofacts or ecofacts, ...

who found the library at

Dunhuang Dunhuang () is a county-level city in northwestern Gansu Province, Western China. According to the 2010 Chinese census, the city has a population of 186,027, though 2019 estimates put the city's population at about 191,800. Sachu (Dunhuang) was ...

. The Macartneys had three children.Skrine (1973), p. vii The Macartneys retired to Jersey in the Channel Islands, where they were trapped by the German occupation during World War II. Macartney died on

Jersey Jersey ( ; ), officially the Bailiwick of Jersey, is an autonomous and self-governing island territory of the British Islands. Although as a British Crown Dependency it is not a sovereign state, it has its own distinguishing civil and gov ...

, just a few days after the German surrender. Macartney family grave

Writings

“Earthquakes in Kashgar”, in: ''The Geographical Journal'', vol. 20, No. 4 (Oct. 1902), pp. 463-464 “Notices, from Chinese Sources, on the Ancient Kingdom of Lau-lan, or Shen-shen”, in: ''The Geographical Journal'', vol. 21, no. 3, March 1903, pp. 260-265 “Eastern Turkestan: The Chinese as Rulers over an Alien Race”, in: ''Proceedings of the Central Asian Society'', London, 1909 “Chinese Turkistan: Past and Present”, in: ''Notices of the Proceedings at the Meetings of the Members of the Royal Institution of Great Britain'', vol. 22, 1917-1919, 534-536 ecture of Friday, May 9, 1919 “Bolshevism as I saw it at Tashkent in 1918”, in: ''Journal of the Royal Central Asian Society'', vol. 7, Nos. 2-3, 1920, p. 42-58 „Sin-Kiang. Mongols and Moslems of Chinese Turkistan”, in: ''Peoples of all Nations: Their Life Today and Story of Their Past'', ed. Sir John Alexander Hammerton, vol. 6, 1922, 4649-4672 “Where Three Empires Meet”, in: ''Countries of the World described by the Leading Travel Writers of the Day''. Vol. 6. Siberia to Zanzibar, ed. John Alexander Hammerton, London 1926, S. 4025–4045

References

Bibliography

* *Lady Macartney, ''An English Lady in Chinese Turkestan''
/span>. London: Ernest Benn, 1931 {{DEFAULTSORT:Macartney, George 1867 births 1945 deaths 19th-century British explorers Knights Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire Explorers of Central Asia British people of Chinese descent Chinese people of Scottish descent Consuls for the United Kingdom British expatriates in China 20th-century British explorers