The Galičnik dialect (, ''Galički dijalekt'') or Lower Reka dialect (, ''Malorekanski dijalekt'') is a member of the subgroup of western and northwestern dialects of the western group of
dialects of
Macedonian. The dialect is spoken on a small territory on the mountain
Bistra in the western part of
North Macedonia
North Macedonia, officially the Republic of North Macedonia, is a landlocked country in Southeast Europe. It shares land borders with Greece to the south, Albania to the west, Bulgaria to the east, Kosovo to the northwest and Serbia to the n ...
. The dialect's name is derived from the biggest village in that area-
Galičnik. Also, the dialect is spoken in many other small villages, including the village of
Gari. The Galičnik dialect is closely related to the
Reka dialect, spoken north-western of the Galičnik dialect. This dialect is well known in North Macedonia because of the archaic words that this dialect has. The dialect can be found in many historically important literary works in Macedonian literature. One of the most important is
Ǵorǵija Puleski and his dictionary of three languages.
[стр.259 - 260 За македонскиот литературен јазик, Блаже Конески, Култура- Скопје 1967]
Phonological characteristics
*
Proto-Slavic
Proto-Slavic (abbreviated PSl., PS.; also called Common Slavic or Common Slavonic) is the unattested, reconstructed proto-language of all Slavic languages. It represents Slavic speech approximately from the 2nd millennium BC through the 6th ...
*ǫ > : *rǫka > ''рока'' ('hand'), a
shibboleth among Macedonian dialects;
*Proto-Slavic syllabic *l̥ > ~ ~ : *žl̥tъ > ''ж`лт'' ~ ('yellow');
*intervocalic Proto-Slavic *x > /j/: *čekaxa > ''чекаја'' (
3P pl. of 'to wait');
*merger of
thematic ''е''-group verbs to ''и''-group verbs: ''јадет'' → ''јадит'' (
3P sg. of 'to eat');
*earlier cluster ''-шт-'' → ''-шч-'' : ''што'' → ''шчо'' (''
interr. pron.'' 'what');
*/ʒ/ instead of /d͡ʒ/ in loanwords: Turkish
cam > ''жам'' ('windowpane'), and
*mostly
antepenultimate word stress.
[стр.259 За македонскиот литературен јазик, Блаже Конески, Култура- Скопје 1967]
Morphological characteristics
*use of the suffix ''-ет'' for
3P pl. : ''ставает'' ('
hey areputting, placing'), ''јадет'' ('
hey areeating']), ''одет'' ('
hey aregoing');
*use of the suffix ''-т'' for
3P sg. : ''стават'' ('
e/she/it isputting, placing'), ''јадит'' ('
e/she/it iseating'), ''одит'' ('
e/she/it isgoing');
*use of the immutable particle ''ќа'' with
onjugatedverbs to form future tenses: ''ќа одам'' ('I will go'), and
*use of the preposition в(о) ('in, inside, to').
Examples of the dialect
Traditional song from
Galičnik, that is sung on the holiday Vasilica:
:''Сурова, сурова година;''
:''Весела, весела година;''
:''Ж`лт мајмун на леса;''
:''П`лна куќа коприна;''
:''Живо-здраво, живо-здраво;''
:''До година, до амина!''
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Galicnik dialect
Dialects of the Macedonian language
Mavrovo and Rostuša Municipality