French Frigate Néréide (1779)

''Néréide'' was a , 32-gun, copper-hulled frigate of the French Navy. On 22 December 1797 captured her and she was taken into British service as HMS ''Nereide''. The French recaptured her at the Battle of Grand Port, only to lose her again when the British took Isle de France (now Mauritius), in 1810. After the Battle of Grand Port she was in such a poor condition that she was laid up and sold for breaking up in 1816.

French service

On 6 June 1780, along with (74 guns), ''Néréide'' captured a British privateer, the 10-gun cutter ''Prince of Wales'' off Madeira.

''Néréide'' was part of the fleet of Lamotte-Picquet that sailed from Brest and on 2 May 1781 captured 18 ships in a convoy from Sint Eustatius. In 1782, she served in the Caribbean under Vaudreuil.

From 1788, ''Néréide'' served off Africa. She then underwent a refit in Rochefort in October 1794.

On 20 December 1797, she was sailing off the Isles of Scilly under the command of Lieutenant de Vaisseau Chassériau when she encountered ''Phoebe''. After exchanging broadsides with ''Phoebe'' for about an hour and a half, ''Néréide'' struck. She had suffered 20 killed and 55 wounded; ''Phoebe'' had suffered three men killed and 10 wounded. Although the French vessel had a larger crew, she had a substantially lighter broadside (12-pdrs versus 18-pdrs) and this proved decisive. She entered into British service as HMS ''Nereide''.

British service

In the morning of 1 March 1800, ''Nereide'' saw five sail and made towards them. They were five well-armed French privateers, but they scattered as she approached. ''Nereide'' lost sight of them until the next morning when she re-encountered one. After a pursuit of 12 hours and 123 miles, ''Nereide'' captured the French privateer ''Vengeance'', pierced for 18 guns but carrying sixteen 12-pounders and 174 men. ''Vengeance'' had left Bordeaux on 26 February and then had joined ''Bellona'' (twenty-four 12-pounder guns, six 36-pounder carronades, and 420 men), ''Favorite'' (sixteen 8-pounder guns and 120 men), ''Huron'' (sixteen 6-pounder guns and 187 men), and the schooner ''Terrailluse'' (fourteen 6-pounder guns and 80 men).

The next day (3 March), ''Nereide'' recaptured the American ship , of Baltimore, which was carrying a cargo valued at £30,000. Then on 17 March ''Nereide'' recaptured ''Lord Nelson''.

''Nereide'', , and shared in the proceeds of the capture, on 5 June of the ''Eagle''.

On 11 September Watkins sailed to Curaçao to forestall the French from taking it. However, the French had already invaded Curaçao in July. Great Britain and the United States had come to a unofficial naval alliance against the French during the War of the Second Coalition, and a nearby American naval force that had received word of the invasion from American merchants on the island were able to put ashore Marines and, with the help of naval gunnery from American frigates, to push the French out of the forts, and off the island. This solidified the capitulation of the island from the Dutch to the British, thereby denying it to the French.

On 25 November 1806, ''Nereide'' was under the command of Captain Robert Corbett when she captured ''Brilliante'', a Spanish privateer lugger of four guns with a crew of 50. She was two days out of Vigo and provisioned for a cruise of four months. Corbett was particularly pleased at the capture as she had not yet captured anything, but there were several sail in sight when ''Nereide'' commenced her pursuit.

On 15 July 1808, ''Nereide'', ''Otter'', and ''Charwell'' shared in the capture of the French brig ''Lucie'', and her cargo of slaves. In December ''Nereide'' captured the French brig ''Gobe Mouche'' after a chase on the morning of the 18th. She was pierced for 12 guns but had thrown most overboard during the chase. She was under the command of ''Enseigne de vaisseau provisoir'' Sugor, and was sailing from the Seychelles to Port Louis with dispatches. She threw them overboard, but ''Nereide''s boat crew was able to retrieve a considerable part of them. ''Gobe Mouche'' had a complement of 80 men, but had only 30 on board when captured as she had had to man a number of prizes on her previous cruise.

On 20 October 1808, ''Nereide'' recaptured , a 78-ton schooner of the British East India Company's naval arm, the Bombay Marine. Joasmi ('' l Qasimi') Arabs had just captured ''Sylph'' and slaughtered almost the entire crew. ''Nereide''s arrived just in time to save the remaining crew, who had hidden themselves below deck.

In 1809, ''Nereide'' served as convoy escort. In September, still under the command of Corbett, she played a critical part in the Raid on Saint Paul at Île Bourbon (now Réunion). There ''Nereide'' and the landing party captured the frigate , and recovered the East Indiamen ''Streatham'' and ''Europa'', and the 14-gun Bombay Marine brig . The British also captured some merchant vessels and destroyed several forts and batteries.

In 1810, ''Nereide'' came under the command of Captain William Gordon, and then Captain Nesbit Willoughby.

In March 1810, ''Nereide'' joined , and off Isle de France. On 1 May ''Nereide'' sent in her boats, under Willoughby's personal command, into the bay at Jacotet (or Jacotel). They captured the 4-gun packet schooner ''Estafette'', spiked the guns of two forts, and two field pieces, captured several prisoners, and destroyed some buildings. On board ''Estafette'' the British also found 600 pieces of mail that provided an insight into the state of the French colony. ''Nereide'' had one man killed and seven wounded. In 1847 the Admiralty issued the Naval General Service Medal with clasp "1 May Boat Service 1810" to all surviving claimants from the action.

Then on 2 June, ''Nereide'' intercepted and captured near the Cape the 1-gun schooner-aviso ''Mouche No. 23'', which had come out from France. On 30 August, ''Astrée'' recaptured ''Mouche No.23''.

Next, Willoughby and ''Nereide'' were at the invasion of Île Bonaparte, which took place between 7 and 9 July. Willoughby led the amphibious assault in ''Estafette'' to secure the beach and organise the landing forces. However, as ''Estafette'' approached the beach the wind strengthened and built up a powerful surf, which smashed the schooner ashore with enough force to break her and the accompanying boats apart: four of the 150-strong landing party were drowned.

Recapture

''Nereide'' was under the command of Captain Willoughby when she took part in the Battle of Grand Port on 28 August 1810. There she was severely battered and eventually captured.

The French took ''Nereide'' into service but it is not clear that she had any officers or crew. The British captured her in December 1810 after their successful invasion of Isle de France on 4 December 1810. All her former British officers and crew were in prison ships at Grand Port and qualified for the prize money that followed the capture of the island.

Fate

''Nereide'' was in such a bad shape that she was laid up. She was sold at Port Louis on 1 March 1816 for breaking up.

See also

* List of French sail frigates
* List of ships captured in the 18th century

Notes, citations, and references

Notes

Citations

References

* Fonds Marine. Campagnes (opérations ; divisions et stations navales ; missions diverses). Inventaire de la sous-série Marine BB4. Tome premier : BB4 210 à 482 (1805-1826

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HMS ''Nereide''
, Naval database

External links

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Nereide (1779)
Age of Sail frigates of France
Ships built in France
Sibylle-class frigates
1779 ships
Captured ships