Jutland Peninsula
Jutland (; , ''Jyske Halvø'' or ''Cimbriske Halvø''; , ''Kimbrische Halbinsel'' or ''Jütische Halbinsel'') is a peninsula of Northern Europe that forms the continental portion of Denmark and part of northern Germany (Schleswig-Holstein). It ...
Jutland
Jutland (; , ''Jyske Halvø'' or ''Cimbriske Halvø''; , ''Kimbrische Halbinsel'' or ''Jütische Halbinsel'') is a peninsula of Northern Europe that forms the continental portion of Denmark and part of northern Germany (Schleswig-Holstein). It ...
and
German
German(s) may refer to:
* Germany, the country of the Germans and German things
**Germania (Roman era)
* Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language
** For citizenship in Germany, see also Ge ...
Schleswig-Holstein
Schleswig-Holstein (; ; ; ; ; occasionally in English ''Sleswick-Holsatia'') is the Northern Germany, northernmost of the 16 states of Germany, comprising most of the historical Duchy of Holstein and the southern part of the former Duchy of S ...
features a type of narrow bay called Förde (plural: ''Förden'') in
German
German(s) may refer to:
* Germany, the country of the Germans and German things
**Germania (Roman era)
* Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language
** For citizenship in Germany, see also Ge ...
and fjord (plural ''fjorde'') in Danish. These bays are of glacial origin, but the glacial mechanics were different from those of
Norwegian Fjords
This list of Norwegian fjords shows many of the fjords in Norway. In total, there are about 1,190 fjords in Norway and the Svalbard islands. The sortable list includes the lengths and locations of those fjords.
Fjords
See also
* List of ...
Fjard
A fjard (, ) is a large open space of water between groups of islands or mainland in archipelagos. Fjards can be found along sea coasts, in freshwater lakes or in rivers. Fjard and fjord were originally the same word, and they generally meant sa ...
s. Inlets more similar to these are also found on the peninsulas of the Green bay and
Georgian bay
The Georgian Bay () is a large bay of Lake Huron, in the Laurentia bioregion. It is located entirely within the borders of Ontario, Canada. The main body of the bay lies east of the Bruce Peninsula and Manitoulin Island. To its northwest is t ...
, and on
Manitoulin island
Manitoulin Island ( ) is an island in Lake Huron, located within the borders of the Provinces and territories of Canada, Canadian province of Ontario, in the bioregion known as Laurentia (bioregion), Laurentia. With an area of , it is the Lake ...
, and eastern
Long island
Long Island is a densely populated continental island in southeastern New York (state), New York state, extending into the Atlantic Ocean. It constitutes a significant share of the New York metropolitan area in both population and land are ...
.
The words ''Förde'', ''fjord'' and ''fjard'' are of the same origin as the English word ''firth'', but today there are differences in the meaning between firth (Förde) and
fjord
In physical geography, a fjord (also spelled fiord in New Zealand English; ) is a long, narrow sea inlet with steep sides or cliffs, created by a glacier. Fjords exist on the coasts of Antarctica, the Arctic, and surrounding landmasses of the n ...
in general.
Geology
When the area of the present
Baltic Sea
The Baltic Sea is an arm of the Atlantic Ocean that is enclosed by the countries of Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Russia, Sweden, and the North European Plain, North and Central European Plain regions. It is the ...
was covered by an ice sheet during the Weichselian glaciation, about 20,000 to 70,000 years ago, the edge of the ice moved on land as tongues of
glacier
A glacier (; or ) is a persistent body of dense ice, a form of rock, that is constantly moving downhill under its own weight. A glacier forms where the accumulation of snow exceeds its ablation over many years, often centuries. It acquires ...
s; these carved out channels. When the ice retreated it created a large lake. The water level rose and the channels were filled by water. The material removed formed
moraine
A moraine is any accumulation of unconsolidated debris (regolith and Rock (geology), rock), sometimes referred to as glacial till, that occurs in both currently and formerly glaciated regions, and that has been previously carried along by a gla ...
hills near the sides and ends of the channels.
Some of these Förden and fjorde are believed not to have been carved out by the ice directly, but to have been washed out by flows of water below the ice ( tunnel valleys). Alternatively they have been interpreted as 'beheaded' river channels preserved beside a tideless sea.
List
The present day firths of this region includes:
Denmark
* Langerak: Length 32 km. Eastern part of Limfjord, really a strait with eastern entrance from
Kattegat
The Kattegat (; ; ) is a sea area bounded by the peninsula of Jutland in the west, the Danish straits islands of Denmark and the Baltic Sea to the south and the Swedish provinces of Bohuslän, Västergötland, Halland and Scania in Swede ...
and western communication to the other parts of Limfjord, which are rather lagoons.
* Mariager Fjord: Length 35 km, deep channel 42 km.
* Randers Fjord: Length 30 km. Entrance from the north, branching in the south, with eastern branch.
** Grund Fjord: Less obstructed by sand than the main fjord.
* Norsminde Fjord: Hardly 3 km long. Now a lake due to
silting
Siltation is water pollution caused by particulate Terrestrial ecoregion, terrestrial Clastic rock, clastic material, with a particle size dominated by silt or clay. It refers both to the increased concentration of suspended sediments and to the i ...
.
* Horsens Fjord: Length 16 km. The entrance between the islands of Alrø and Hjarnø is called ''Alrø Sund''.
*
Vejle Fjord
Vejle Fjord is an East Jutland-type fjord in Denmark. It is approximately in length, and it stretches east from the town of Vejle at its head to the towns of Trelde Næs on the south side and Juelsminde on the north side at the mouth. The fjord ...
: Length 12 km.
* Rands Fjord: Length 3 km. Up to 19th century it was a real bay; then a dam was built to separate it from the sea. Now the former fjord is used as a reserve of fresh water.
*
Kolding Fjord
Kolding Fjord is a 10 km long fjord in Denmark between Kolding and Little Belt.
The fjord has a 7 meters deep ship channel linking it to Kolding port. Kolding port and marina are adjacent.
Fishing is allowed but a permit is required.
...
: Length 10 km. A branch of the narrow part of the
Little Belt
The Little Belt (, ) is a strait between the island of Funen and the Jutland Peninsula in Denmark. It is one of the three Danish straits, Danish Straits that drain and connect the Baltic Sea to the Kattegat strait, which drains west to the Nor ...
.
*
Haderslev
Haderslev (; ) is a Denmark, Danish town in the Region of Southern Denmark with a population of 22,405 (1 January 2025).Åbenrå Fjord: Length 10 km, width 3 – 4 km.
*
Als
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as motor neuron disease (MND) or—in the United States—Lou Gehrig's disease (LGD), is a rare, terminal neurodegenerative disorder that results in the progressive loss of both upper and low ...
Fjord: Length 12 km, prolonged to 20 km by ''Augustenborg Fjord'' (8 km). In addition to the main entrance from the north, there is a narrow second entrance called ''Als Sund''; the blind end is Augustenborg Fjord.
Border
* Flensburg Firth, in German ''Flensburger Förde'', in Danish ''Flensborg Fjord'': It is the largest of these bays (length 40 or 50 km), and reaches farthest west.
Germany
* Schlei, in Danish ''Slien'': Length 40 – 42 km. The narrowest German Förde.
* Eckernförde Bay, in German ''Eckernförder Bucht'', in Danish ''Egernførde Bugt'': The component ''-förde'' in the name of the city has been considered by some authors to reference a ford and by others to a fjord.
*
Kiel
Kiel ( ; ) is the capital and most populous city in the northern Germany, German state of Schleswig-Holstein. With a population of around 250,000, it is Germany's largest city on the Baltic Sea. It is located on the Kieler Förde inlet of the Ba ...
er Förde: Geologically larger than nominally, as a part of the large Kiel Bay belongs geographically to Kieler Förde.
* The lake ''Hemmelsdorfer See'' is a former Förde.
* ''Traveförde'' is now partly filled up by sand. The residual part is called ''Pötenitzer Wiek'' and connects to the sea only by the estuary of the
Trave
The Trave () is a river in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is approximately long, running from its source near the village of Gießelrade in Ostholstein to Travemünde, where it flows into the Baltic Sea. It passes through Bad Segeberg, Bad Old ...