Frederick III, Prince of Salm-Kyrburg (Frederick John Otto Francis Christian Philip; 1744–1794) was the prince of

Salm-Kyrburg Salm-Kyrburg was a state of the Holy Roman Empire located in present-day Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, one of the various partitions of Salm (state), Salm. It was twice created: the first time as a Wild- and Rhinegraviate (partitioned from Upper ...

, Hornes and

Overijse Overijse () is a municipality in the province of Flemish Brabant, in the Flemish region of Belgium. It is a suburb of the wider Brussels metropolitan area. The municipality comprises the town of Overijse proper, and the communities of Eizer, Mal ...

Gemen Gemen was an immediate, sovereign lordship of the Holy Roman Empire, in the Lower Rhine region. Since Gemen had a vote in the Imperial Diet it was also an Imperial Estate. It was centered on Gemen, a small town and castle in the present municip ...

and Count of

Solre-le-Château Solre-le-Château () is a commune in the Nord department in northern France. The river Solre flows through the commune. Heraldry See also *Communes of the Nord department The following is a list of the 647 communes of the Nord depart ...

. He was the eldest son of

Philip Joseph, Prince of Salm-Kyrburg Philip Joseph, Prince of Salm-Kyrburg (1709–1779) was the first prince of Salm-Kyrburg, from 1743 to 1779. Life and reign Philip Joseph was the second son of Hendrik Gabriel Joseph of Salm-Kyrburg (1674–1716), regent of Salm-Kyrburg from 169 ...

and Princess Maria Theresa of Hornes, and he grew up at the French court. Through his mother, the eldest daughter of

Maximilian, Prince of Hornes Maximilian Emanuel, 3rd Prince of Hornes, Count of Baucignies and of Solre-le-Château (31 August 1695, Brussels – 12 January 1763, Brussels), was a nobleman and Grand Huntsman of Brabant. His father was Philippe Emanuel, 2nd Prince of Hornes, ...

, he inherited all the possessions of the Hornes family. He held the title from 1779 to 1794.

Life

Frederick III was many times confused with a relative

Johann Friedrich von Salm-Grumbach Johann Friedrich von Salm-Grumbach (5 November 1743 – 11 September 1819) was a member of the noble family of Wild and Rhinegrave from the line of Salm-Grumbach. In the mid-1780s, he served as colonel of a legion of the States General of th ...

who also was styled as Rhinegrave of Salm.Hermann Wendel: Quel Salm? Une erreur judiciaire de l’histoire. In: Le Temps, 29 juillet 1934
/ref> In 1794, he was

guillotine A guillotine ( ) is an apparatus designed for effectively carrying out executions by Decapitation, beheading. The device consists of a tall, upright frame with a weighted and angled blade suspended at the top. The condemned person is secur ...

d together with

Alexandre de Beauharnais Alexandre François Marie, Viscount of Beauharnais (; 28 May 1760 – 23 July 1794) was a French politician and general of the French Revolution. He was the first husband of Joséphine Tascher de La Pagerie, who later married Napoleon Bonaparte ...

, the lover of his sister Amalie Zephyrine van Salm-Kyrburg, for their ties with the "

Ancien Régime ''Ancien'' may refer to * the French word for " ancient, old" ** Société des anciens textes français * the French for "former, senior" ** Virelai ancien ** Ancien Régime ** Ancien Régime in France {{disambig ...

Hôtel de Salm

Frederick commissioned the construction of the

Hôtel de Salm Salm may refer to People * Constance de Salm (1767–1845), poet and miscellaneous writer; through her second marriage, she became Princess of Salm-Dyck * Kat Salm, New Zealand geospatial scientist * Salm ibn Ziyad, an Umayyad governor of Kh ...

in Paris, where

Madame de Stael Madame may refer to: * Madam, civility title or form of address for women, derived from the French * Madam (prostitution), a term for a woman who is engaged in the business of procuring prostitutes, usually the manager of a brothel * ''Madame'' ( ...

gave her soirees in 1797. From 1804, the

Légion d'honneur The National Order of the Legion of Honour ( ), formerly the Imperial Order of the Legion of Honour (), is the highest and most prestigious French national order of merit, both military and Civil society, civil. Currently consisting of five cl ...

resided in the building, but it was destroyed by fire in 1871. The structure was rebuilt and is now known as the

Palais de la Légion d'Honneur The Palais de la Légion d'Honneur (; Palace of the Legion of Honour), also known as the Hôtel de Salm (), is a historic building on the Rive Gauche, Left Bank of the Seine, River Seine in Paris, France. Originally built in the 1770s, and reb ...

Henry Hope Henry Hope (1735–1811) was an Amsterdam merchant banker born in Braintree, Province of Massachusetts Bay. He emigrated to the Netherlands to join the family business, the Dutch bank Hope & Co., at a young age. From 1779, Henry became the man ...

wanted to copy the Hôtel de Salm in Haarlem, for his

Villa Welgelegen Villa Welgelegen is a historical building in Haarlem, the Netherlands, which currently houses the offices of the provincial executives of North Holland. Located at the north end of a public park in the city, it is an example of neoclassical arch ...

Marriage and issue

Frederick married in 1781 to Princess Johanna Francesca of

Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen () was a principality in southwestern Germany. Its rulers belonged to the junior House of Hohenzollern#Swabian branch, Swabian branch of the House of Hohenzollern. The Swabian Hohenzollerns were elevated to princes in 162 ...

, daughter of

Karl Friedrich, Prince of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen Karl Friedrich (9 January 1724 – 20 December 1785) was a member of the House of Hohenzollern and Prince of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, Lord of Haigerloch and Wehrstein from 1769 until his death. Born in Sigmaringen, he was the eldest son of J ...

. They had four children, of whom only one lived to adulthood: *Princess Philippine Friederike Wilhelmine (1783–1786) *Hereditary Prince Frederick Henry Otto (1785–1786) *Prince Frederick Emmanuel Otto Louis Philip Conrad (1786) *Prince Frederick IV Ernest Otto Philip Anton Furnibert (1789–1859), his father's successor

Ancestry

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Frederick 03, Prince of Salm-Kyrburg Princes of Hornes People executed by guillotine during the French Revolution Executed German people 1744 births 1794 deaths Burials at Picpus Cemetery Recipients of the Order of the White Eagle (Poland)