Frederick Campbell, 3rd Earl Cawdor
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Frederick Archibald Vaughan Campbell, 3rd Earl Cawdor, (13 February 1847 – 8 February 1911), styled Viscount Emlyn from 1860 to 1898, was a British
Conservative Conservatism is a cultural, social, and political philosophy and ideology that seeks to promote and preserve traditional institutions, customs, and values. The central tenets of conservatism may vary in relation to the culture and civiliza ...
politician. He served briefly as
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between March and December 1905.


Background and education

Cawdor was the eldest son of John Campbell, 2nd Earl Cawdor and Sarah Cavendish, daughter of General Hon.
Henry Cavendish Henry Cavendish ( ; 10 October 1731 – 24 February 1810) was an English experimental and theoretical chemist and physicist. He is noted for his discovery of hydrogen, which he termed "inflammable air". He described the density of inflammable a ...
, son of 1st Earl of Burlington and heiress Lady Elizabeth Compton. He was educated at Eton and
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. He was brought up on the family estates in south Wales and his coming of age in 1868 was a major event in the town of
Llandeilo Llandeilo () is a town and Community (Wales), community in Carmarthenshire, Wales, situated where the River Towy is crossed by the A483 road, A483 on a 19th-century stone bridge. At the 2021 United Kingdom census, 2021 census the community had ...
. In 1874 he was appointed to be Deputy Lieutenant for the county of
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. By 1880s, his father's estate brought an annual income of £45,000 a year.


MP for Carmarthenshire

Cawdor was
Conservative Conservatism is a cultural, social, and political philosophy and ideology that seeks to promote and preserve traditional institutions, customs, and values. The central tenets of conservatism may vary in relation to the culture and civiliza ...
Member of Parliament for
Carmarthenshire Carmarthenshire (; or informally ') is a Principal areas of Wales, county in the South West Wales, south-west of Wales. The three largest towns are Llanelli, Carmarthen and Ammanford. Carmarthen is the county town and administrative centre. ...
from 1874 to 1885. In 1885 the constituency was divided in two and Emlyn decided to contest the new West Carmarthenshire constituency, although most of his family property lay in the eastern part of the county. His chances there appeared to be negligible given the growing industrial population which had been a key factor in the triumph of the Liberal candidate, Edward Sartoris at the 1868 General Election. Emlyn was opposed by the other sitting member, the Liberal W.R.H. Powell, himself a former Conservative supporter, who had first declared his support for the Liberals at the 1874 election. Powell now proclaimed that he had a duty to the Liberal cause to oppose Emlyn. It was reported that the Conservatives were confident of their chances in West Carmarthenshire, on the grounds that it was largely an agricultural division. However, the electorate had more than doubled in the county, and the 1885 electorate in the Western Division alone exceeded that of the combined county seat in 1880. Powell's victory ended Emlyn's career in Carmarthenshire politics.


Later political career

He succeeded in the earldom in 1898 and served briefly under
Arthur Balfour Arthur James Balfour, 1st Earl of Balfour (; 25 July 184819 March 1930) was a British statesman and Conservative Party (UK), Conservative politician who served as the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1902 to 1905. As Foreign Secretary ...
as First Lord of the Admiralty. Lord Cawdor took a leading part in the Conservative opposition to
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's budget of 1909 and in drafting resolutions for the reform of the
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in 1910. He also notably opposed the Housing and Town Planning Act 1909. He was also involved in
Pembrokeshire Pembrokeshire ( ; ) is a Principal areas of Wales, county in the South West Wales, south-west of Wales. It is bordered by Carmarthenshire to the east, Ceredigion to the northeast, and otherwise by the sea. Haverfordwest is the largest town and ...
local affairs, and as Chairman of the
Great Western Railway The Great Western Railway (GWR) was a History of rail transport in Great Britain, British railway company that linked London with the southwest, west and West Midlands (region), West Midlands of England and most of Wales. It was founded in 1833, ...
from 1895 to 1905 greatly improved the service. In 1903 he was described by
Joseph Chamberlain Joseph Chamberlain (8 July 1836 – 2 July 1914) was a British statesman who was first a radical Liberal Party (UK), Liberal, then a Liberal Unionist after opposing home rule for Ireland, and eventually was a leading New Imperialism, imperial ...
as “the best chairman now living". In
1904 Events January * January 7 – The distress signal ''CQD'' is established, only to be replaced 2 years later by ''SOS''. * January 8 – The Blackstone Library is dedicated, marking the beginning of the Chicago Public Library system. * ...
he was elected unopposed as a member of Pembrokeshire County Council to represent the Castlemartin ward. Lord Cawdor was an officer in the Royal Carmarthen Artillery, a
Militia A militia ( ) is a military or paramilitary force that comprises civilian members, as opposed to a professional standing army of regular, full-time military personnel. Militias may be raised in times of need to support regular troops or se ...
unit, where he was lieutenant-colonel in command from 24 September 1892 until he retired on 5 November 1902. During these years he was promoted to
colonel Colonel ( ; abbreviated as Col., Col, or COL) is a senior military Officer (armed forces), officer rank used in many countries. It is also used in some police forces and paramilitary organizations. In the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries, a colon ...
and appointed an aide-de-camp to King
Edward VII Edward VII (Albert Edward; 9 November 1841 – 6 May 1910) was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India, from 22 January 1901 until Death and state funeral of Edward VII, his death in 1910. The second child ...
.


Family

Lord Cawdor married Edith Georgiana Turnor, daughter of Christopher Turnor and Lady Caroline Finch-Hatton, daughter of 10th Earl of Winchilsea, on 16 September 1868 at Stoke Rochford Hall. They predominantly live in London at 74 South Audley Street. They had ten children: # Lady Edith Campbell m. Charles Ferguson # Hugh Campbell, 4th Earl Cawdor born at Cawdor Castle m. Joan Thynne, granddaughter of Lord John Thynne # Nigel Campbell m. Violet Kerr, great granddaughter of William Kerr, 6th Marquess of Lothian # Lady Mabel Campbell m. Sir Henry Beresford-Peirse, 4th Baronet # Ralph Campbell m. Marjorie Theophila Fowler # Lady Lilian Campbell m. Richard Beresford-Peirse, son of 3th Baronet # Elidor Campbell m. Violet Bulwer-Marsh # Ian Campbell m. Marion Stirling # Eric Campbell # Lady Muriel Campbell They settled in Golden Grove, before moving to their larger seat Stackpole Court. The 1891 census recorded the family at Stackpole with 23 servants, by the 1901 it had increased to 25 servants.He died in February 1911, aged 63, and was succeeded in the earldom by his eldest son Hugh. Lady Cawdor died in 1926.


Ancestry


References


Sources

* *Kidd, Charles, Williamson, David (editors). ''Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage'' (1990 edition). New York: St Martin's Press, 1990, * *


External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Cawdor, Frederick Campbell, 3rd Earl 1847 births 1911 deaths Alumni of Christ Church, Oxford Emlyn, Frederick Campbell, Viscount Deputy lieutenants of Inverness-shire Earls in the Peerage of the United Kingdom Lord-lieutenants of Pembrokeshire First Lords of the Admiralty Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom Members of Carmarthenshire County Council Emlyn, Frederick Campbell, Viscount Emlyn, Frederick Campbell, Viscount Cawdor, E3 Directors of the Great Western Railway 3 Presidents of the Marylebone Cricket Club Carmarthen Militia officers People educated at Eton College