François Brigneau

François Brigneau (; 30 April 1919 – 9 April 2012) was a French far-right journalist and author who was a leading figure in '' Ordre Nouveau'', the National Front and the Party of New Forces.

Early years

Brigneau was born in Concarneau; Philip Rees, '' Biographical Dictionary of the Extreme Right Since 1890'', Simon & Schuster, 1990, p. 303 his birth name was Well Emmanuel Allot.Alice Kaplan, ''The Collaborator: The Trial and Execution of Robert Brasillach'', University of Chicago Press, 2014, p. 286 His father, a teacher, was known for his socialism and pacifism.Brigneau, dernier linceul de l'extrême droite maréchaliste
/ref> He joined the Milice towards the end of the occupation and was imprisoned at Fresnes as a consequence. He shared a cell with Robert Brasillach shortly before the latter's execution and became an impassioned defender of Vichy France (a client state of Nazi Germany in World War 2) following his release. Around this time he married Georges Suarez's niece.

Brigneau's first political party involvement came in December 1945 when he joined the newly established Republican Party of Liberty, a largely conservative group that nonetheless attracted several former collaborators to its ranks. He also wrote for ''France-Dimanche'' in the immediate post-war era under the pseudonym Julien Guernec. Under this name he would also write for '' Rivarol'', whilst he used various names to write for the likes of ''Paroles Françaises'', ''Le Rouge et le Noir'' and ''L'independance Françaises'' and later for ''Le Courrier de Clan'', Roger Holeindre's ''Le Cointre Poson'' and the eponymous ''La Chronique de Jean Brigneau''. In the early 1960s he became most associated with the weekly ''Minute'', initially as an editorial writer and then as editor-in-chief.

Brigneau also wrote fiction and as a crime novelist won the Grand Prix de Littérature Policière in 1954 for his novel ''La Beauté qui meurt''.Guide des Prix littéraires
online ed. ''Le Rayon du Polar''. Synopsis of French prizes rewarding French and international crime literature, with lists of laureates for each Prize. Grand Prix de littérature policière: p. 36.

Front National

During the 1960s he wrote strongly in support of Jean-Louis Tixier-Vignancour, playing a leading role in promoting his campaign for the Presidency in 1965. He subsequently became a founder member of '' Ordre Nouveau'' (ON), assuming a leading role within the group. He belonged to the more moderate tendency within the ON which sought to distance far right nationalism from the earlier strains of fascism, in contrast to the likes of François Duprat who sought to emphasise fascist continuity. Within the ON Brigneau advocated a united front between different strands of the French far right. To this end he became a founder member of the Front National (FN) in 1972 and was an unsuccessful candidate for the party in the 1973 legislative election in Hauts-de-Seine. He was the first secretary-general of the movement and also served as vice-president.

Brigneau however soon clashed with Jean-Marie Le Pen, who he felt was too personally ambitious, and in June 1973 he split from the FN to become part of the dissident Faire Front group. In November 1974 this group, which had not been formalised but rather was a loose collection of leading ex-FN dissidents, was reconstituted as a political under the name '' Parti des forces nouvelles'' (PFN), with Brigneau taking a leading role in this group. He spent several years within the PFN as a member of its political bureau before resigning in 1981 after reassessing his position on Le Pen, whom he came to view as a "Breton genius" and an "inspired prophet". Around this time he also broke off his association with ''Minute'', moving to ''Le Présent'', a Catholic integrist journal to which he contributed anti-Semitic articles under the pseudonym Mathilde Cruz. He was removed from this position in late 1986 after the journal moderated its approach by de-emphasising attacks on the Jews.Ciarán Ó Maoláin, ''The Radical Right: A World Directory'', Longman, 1987, p. 104

Later activity

Brigneau would subsequently write for ''National-Hebdo'', his regular column "Le Journal d'un Homme Libre" largely focusing on the same anti-Semitic themes that had dominated his work for ''Le Présent'', with a particular focus on conspiracy theories and the activities of B'nai B'rith.Harvey Gerald Simmons, ''The French National Front: The Extremist Challenge To Democracy'', Westview Press, 1996, p. 125 Although no longer a member of the FN his column also offered the party unwavering support. He would later become associated with Bruno Mégret and in 1998 lent his support to the National Republican Movement, a splinter group of the FN that Mégret established following a bitter split from Le Pen.

Brigneau died in 2012 aged 92. He was buried in Saint-Cloud with no representative of the FN in attendance at his funeral.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Brigneau, Francois
1919 births
2012 deaths
French journalists
National Rally politicians
French male non-fiction writers
Party of New Forces politicians
People from Concarneau
French crime fiction writers
20th-century French novelists
20th-century French male writers
Milice personnel
Writers from Brittany