Joaquim José da França Júnior (March 18, 1838 – November 27, 1890) was a Brazilian playwright, journalist and, initially, a painter. Alongside Martins Pena, he is one of the most famous adepts of the "

comedy of manners In English literature, the term comedy of manners (also anti-sentimental comedy) describes a genre of realistic, satirical comedy that questions and comments upon the manners and social conventions of a greatly sophisticated, artificial society. ...

" genre. He is patron of the 12th chair of the

Brazilian Academy of Letters The Academia Brasileira de Letras (ABL; English: ''Brazilian Academy of Letters'') is a Brazilian literary non-profit society established at the end of the 19th century. The first president, Machado de Assis, declared its foundation on Tuesday, ...

Life

França Júnior was born in

Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, or simply Rio, is the capital of the Rio de Janeiro (state), state of Rio de Janeiro. It is the List of cities in Brazil by population, second-most-populous city in Brazil (after São Paulo) and the Largest cities in the America ...

, in 1838, to Joaquim José da França and Mariana Inácia Vitovi Garção da França. He studied in the

Colégio Pedro II ''Colégio Pedro II'' (Pedro II School) is a federal public school located in the state of Rio de Janeiro. Named after Pedro II of Brazil, it was established on 2 December 1837, and made official by Imperial decree on 20 December of the same ...

and at the Faculdade de Direito da Universidade de São Paulo. Graduating in 1862, he moves to

Bahia Bahia () is one of the 26 Federative units of Brazil, states of Brazil, located in the Northeast Region, Brazil, Northeast Region of the country. It is the fourth-largest Brazilian state by population (after São Paulo (state), São Paulo, Mina ...

, where he exerces his profession for some time. Returning to Rio de Janeiro in 1880, he entered at the

Escola Nacional de Belas Artes Escola de Belas Artes (School of Fine Arts) is one of the centers of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro and dates back to colonial times. A royal letter of 20 Nov 1800 by John VI of Portugal established the ''Aula Prática de Desenho e ...

, where he studied under guidance of Georg Grimm. A member of the Grimm Group, he would later abandon the painting to dedicate himself only to literature. His plays are famous for mocking and ridicularizing the situation of Brazil during the final years of the 19th century. He died in 1890.

Works

* ''Meia Hora de Cinismo'' (

1861 This year saw significant progress in the Unification of Italy, the outbreak of the American Civil War, and the emancipation reform abolishing serfdom in the Russian Empire. Events January * January 1 ** Benito Juárez captures Mexico Ci ...

) * ''A República-Modelo'' (

) * ''Tipos da Atualidade'' (

1862 Events January * January 1 – The United Kingdom annexes Lagos Island, in modern-day Nigeria. * January 6 – Second French intervention in Mexico, French intervention in Mexico: Second French Empire, French, Spanish and British ...

) * ''Ingleses na Costa'' (

1864 Events January * January 13 – American songwriter Stephen Foster ("Oh! Susanna", "Old Folks at Home") dies aged 37 in New York City, leaving a scrap of paper reading "Dear friends and gentle hearts". His parlor song "Beautiful Dream ...

) * ''Defeito de Família'' (

1870 Events January * January 1 ** The first edition of ''The Northern Echo'' newspaper is published in Priestgate, Darlington, England. ** Plans for the Brooklyn Bridge are completed. * January 3 – Construction of the Brooklyn Bridge be ...

) * ''Amor com Amor se Paga'' (

) * ''Beijo de Judas'' ( 1881) * ''Como se Fazia um Deputado'' ( 1881) * ''Caiu o Ministério!'' (

1882 Events January * January 2 ** The Standard Oil Trust is secretly created in the United States to control multiple corporations set up by John D. Rockefeller and his associates. ** Irish-born author Oscar Wilde arrives in New York at the ...

) * '' Maldita Parentela'' (

1887 Events January * January 11 – Louis Pasteur's anti-rabies treatment is defended in the Académie Nationale de Médecine, by Dr. Joseph Grancher. * January 20 ** The United States Senate allows the United States Navy to lease Pearl Har ...

) * ''Entrei para o Clube Jácome'' (

) * ''De Petrópolis a Paris'' (

1889 Events January * January 1 ** The total solar eclipse of January 1, 1889 is seen over parts of California and Nevada. ** Paiute spiritual leader Wovoka experiences a vision, leading to the start of the Ghost Dance movement in the Dakotas ...

) * ''As Doutoras'' (

) * ''Portugueses às Direitas'' (

1890 Events January * January 1 – The Kingdom of Italy establishes Eritrea as its colony in the Horn of Africa. * January 2 – Alice Sanger becomes the first female staffer in the White House. * January 11 – 1890 British Ultimatum: The Uni ...

)

External links

França Júnior's biography at the official site of the Brazilian Academy of Letters
{{DEFAULTSORT:Junior, Franca 1838 births 1890 deaths Brazilian male dramatists and playwrights University of São Paulo alumni Writers from Rio de Janeiro (city) Patrons of the Brazilian Academy of Letters 19th-century Brazilian dramatists and playwrights 19th-century Brazilian male writers