The Franco-Siamese treaty of 1907 was an agreement Between the

French Third Republic The French Third Republic (, sometimes written as ) was the system of government adopted in France from 4 September 1870, when the Second French Empire collapsed during the Franco-Prussian War, until 10 July 1940, after the Fall of France durin ...

and the Thai Rattanakosin Kingdom (or Siam), in which Siam agreed to cede the territories of

Inner Cambodia Inner Cambodia was a historical region in present-day Cambodia that was under the direct rule of Siam (Thailand) between 1794 and 1907. It covered much of north-western Cambodia, and included, most significantly, the cities of Phra Tabong, Siemm ...

(including

Battambang Battambang (, Romanization of Khmer#UNGEGN, UNGEGN: ) is the capital of Battambang province and the List of cities and towns in Cambodia, third largest city in Cambodia. The city is situated on the Sangkae River, which winds its way through t ...

Siem Reap Siem Reap (, ) is the second-largest city of Cambodia, as well as the capital and largest city of Siem Reap Province in northwestern Cambodia. Siem Reap possesses French-colonial and Chinese-style architecture in the Old French Quarter ...

and

Sisophon Serei Saophoan ( ) is the capital and largest city of the Banteay Meanchey Province and the fourth most populous city in Cambodia. The city separates Cambodia's National Highway 5 and National Highway 6. Its administrative name is "Serei Sop ...

), while France agreed to withdraw from

Trat Trat (, ), also spelt Trad, is a town in Thailand, capital of Trat province and the Mueang Trat district. The town is in the east of Thailand, at the mouth of the Trat River, near the border with Cambodia. Etymology ''Trat'' is believed to d ...

and Dan Sai. Importantly, the treaty also ended French

extraterritoriality In international law, extraterritoriality or exterritoriality is the state of being exempted from the jurisdiction of local law, usually as the result of diplomatic negotiations. Historically, this primarily applied to individuals, as jurisdict ...

over its Asian subjects in Siam, and made provisions for the demarcation of the boundary between Siam and France's colonial possessions in

French Indochina French Indochina (previously spelled as French Indo-China), officially known as the Indochinese Union and after 1941 as the Indochinese Federation, was a group of French dependent territories in Southeast Asia from 1887 to 1954. It was initial ...

. The treaty was signed in Bangkok on 23 March 1907 by French minister Victor Collin de Plancy and Prince Devawongse, Siam's Minister of Foreign Affairs. The treaty, which reunited the ancient Khmer capital of

Angkor Angkor ( , 'capital city'), also known as Yasodharapura (; ),Headly, Robert K.; Chhor, Kylin; Lim, Lam Kheng; Kheang, Lim Hak; Chun, Chen. 1977. ''Cambodian-English Dictionary''. Bureau of Special Research in Modern Languages. The Catholic Uni ...

with the rest of Cambodia, addressed outstanding issues remaining after the previous treaty of 1904, in light of the international political developments following the

Entente Cordiale The Entente Cordiale (; ) comprised a series of agreements signed on 8 April 1904 between the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, United Kingdom and the French Third Republic, French Republic which saw a significant improvement in Fr ...

between France and the United Kingdom. It was the final territorial agreement between Siam and colonial France, settling the conflict that began with the

1893 Franco-Siamese crisis The Franco-Siamese crisis of 1893, known in Thailand as the Incident of Rattanakosin Era 112 (, , ) was a conflict between the French Third Republic and the Kingdom of Siam. Auguste Pavie, French vice-consul in Luang Prabang in 1886, was the c ...

and largely defining Thailand's modern borders with Cambodia and Laos. However, the actual demarcation of the border produced maps that deviated from the text of the treaty in certain areas—especially around the

Temple of Preah Vihear Preah Vihear Temple ( Khmer: ប្រាសាទព្រះវិហារ ''Prasat Preah Vihear''; ; ) is an ancient Hindu temple built by the Khmer Empire, located on top of a cliff in the Dângrêk Mountains, in the Preah Vihear province ...

—leading to the

Cambodian–Thai border dispute The Cambodian–Thai border dispute began in June 2008 as part of a century-long dispute between Cambodia and Thailand involving the area surrounding the 11th-century Preah Vihear Temple, in the Dângrêk Mountains between Choam Khsant Distri ...

, which has continued into the 21st century.

References

{{Rattanakosin Treaties of Thailand Treaties of the French Third Republic Bilateral treaties of France Treaties extended to French Indochina Treaties involving territorial changes Boundary treaties 1907 treaties 1907 in Siam 1907 in French Indochina Rama V period Cambodia–Thailand border Laos–Thailand border France–Thailand relations

See also

References