Francisco de Paula de Cea Bermúdez y Buzo (28 October 1779, in Málaga – 6 July 1850, in Paris) was a Spanish politician and diplomat who served twice as

Prime Minister of Spain The prime minister of Spain, officially president of the Government (), is the head of government of Spain. The prime minister nominates the Spanish government departments, ministers and chairs the Council of Ministers (Spain), Council of Mini ...

during the final decade of

Ferdinand VII Ferdinand VII (; 14 October 1784 – 29 September 1833) was King of Spain during the early 19th century. He reigned briefly in 1808 and then again from 1813 to his death in 1833. Before 1813 he was known as ''el Deseado'' (the Desired), and af ...

's reign. The

First Carlist War The First Carlist War was a civil war in Spain from 1833 to 1840, the first of three Carlist Wars. It was fought between two factions over the succession to the throne and the nature of the Monarchy of Spain, Spanish monarchy: the conservative a ...

broke our during his second premiership.

Biography

A successful businessman, he was sent in 1810 by the Cadiz Cortes to Russia, to forge an alliance against Napoleon. After the War, he was Ambassador in Constantinople (1820–1823) and London (1824). In that year he became Prime Minister for the first time, but was dominated by Francisco Calomarde, the real leader of the Cabinet. When the cabinet fell in October 1825, he became again Ambassador in Dresden (1825–1827) and London (1827–1832). On 1 October 1832, he was recalled to become Prime Minister again, in the turbulent years when

Ferdinand VII of Spain Ferdinand VII (; 14 October 1784 – 29 September 1833) was Monarchy of Spain, King of Spain during the early 19th century. He reigned briefly in 1808 and then again from 1813 to his death in 1833. Before 1813 he was known as ''el Deseado'' (t ...

died, and the

Pragmatic Sanction of 1830 The Pragmatic Sanction of 1830 (), issued on 29 March 1830 by King Ferdinand VII of Spain, ratified a Decree of 1789 by Charles IV of Spain, which had replaced the semi-Salic system established by Philip V of Spain with the mixed succession sy ...

came into effect, leading to the

. He was also the architect of the

1833 territorial division of Spain The 1833 territorial division of Spain divided the country into provinces, in turn classified into "historic regions" ().

. He was deposed in January 1834 and emigrated to Paris, where he died in 1850. However, their "third way" proved impracticable. After the Manifesto of Santarem, in which the prince Carlos María Isidro proclaimed himself king of Spain, the royalists opted to take up arms. When the First Carlist War began, Cea's offers failed to attract the liberals, who insisted on constitutional modifications. Finally, the latter, in their more moderate version, obtained the support of some courtiers (among them Miraflores), of captains general (Llauder, Quesada, Fernández de Córdova) and of the French and British embassies: Cea was replaced by the moderate liberal Francisco Martínez de la Rosa (January 15, 1834).

Sources

{{DEFAULTSORT:Cea Bermúdez y Buzo, Francisco de Prime ministers of Spain Foreign ministers of Spain 1779 births 1850 deaths Moderate Party (Spain) politicians Ambassadors of Spain to the United Kingdom