, nickname = it, Festa della Madonna delle Galline, lit=Feast of Our Lady of the Hens , observedby =

Christians Christians () are people who follow or adhere to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. The words ''Christ'' and ''Christian'' derive from the Koine Greek title ''Christós'' (Χρι ...

, litcolor = , longtype = Cultural, Historical, Christian , significance =

Patronal festival A patronal feast or patronal festival ( es, fiesta patronal; pt, festa patronal; ca, festa patronal; it, festa patronale; french: fête patronale) is a yearly celebration dedicated, in countries influenced by Christianity, to the "heavenly advoc ...

Our Lady of the Hens Our or OUR may refer to: * The possessive form of " we" * Our (river), in Belgium, Luxembourg, and Germany * Our, Belgium, a village in Belgium * Our, Jura, a commune in France * Office of Utilities Regulation (OUR), a government utility regulato ...

: commemoration of the finding of the

miraculous A miracle is an event that is inexplicable by natural or scientific lawsOne dictionary define"Miracle"as: "A surprising and welcome event that is not explicable by natural or scientific laws and is therefore considered to be the work of a divin ...

Marian Marian may refer to: People * Mari people, a Finno-Ugric ethnic group in Russia * Marian (given name), a list of people with the given name * Marian (surname), a list of people so named Places *Marian, Iran (disambiguation) * Marian, Queensla ...

icon An icon () is a religious work of art, most commonly a painting, in the cultures of the Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, and Catholic churches. They are not simply artworks; "an icon is a sacred image used in religious devotion". The most c ...

, firsttime =

17th century The 17th century lasted from January 1, 1601 ( MDCI), to December 31, 1700 ( MDCC). It falls into the early modern period of Europe and in that continent (whose impact on the world was increasing) was characterized by the Baroque cultural movem ...

, begins =

Easter Friday Easter Friday, or Bright Friday, is the Friday after the Christian festival of Easter. At times, this name has been confused with Good Friday,For example, the songEaster Friday" by Simone Richardson, 2006. Published by Emu Music. which falls ...

, ends = Next Monday , date =

Second Sunday of Easter The Second Sunday of Easter is the day that occurs seven days after the Christian celebration of Easter. Those churches which give special significance to this day recognize it by various names. In the Roman Rite of the Catholic Church, this day is ...

, scheduling = Second Sunday of Easter , duration = 4 days , frequency = annual , date = , date = , date = , date = , celebrations =

Church services A church service (or a service of worship) is a formalized period of Christian communal worship, often held in a church building. It often but not exclusively occurs on Sunday, or Saturday in the case of those churches practicing seventh-day Sa ...

procession A procession is an organized body of people walking in a formal or ceremonial manner. History Processions have in all peoples and at all times been a natural form of public celebration, as forming an orderly and impressive ceremony. Religious ...

s, public outdoor banquets,

tammurriata () is a group of various southern Italian folk dances originating in the regions of Calabria, Campania and Puglia. It is characterized by a fast upbeat tempo, usually in time (sometimes or ), accompanied by tambourines. It is among the mo ...

s, firework shows, gift giving of

bird Birds are a group of warm-blooded vertebrates constituting the class Aves (), characterised by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a strong yet lightweig ...

s and

traditional food Traditional foods are foods and dishes that are passed on through generations or which have been consumed for many generations. Traditional foods and dishes are traditional in nature, and may have a historic precedent in a national dish, regio ...

to the Madonna , observances = , relatedto = The feast of

Mary Mary may refer to: People * Mary (name), a feminine given name (includes a list of people with the name) Religious contexts * New Testament people named Mary, overview article linking to many of those below * Mary, mother of Jesus, also call ...

the

Crowned Crowned may refer to: * Senses of "to crown": ** Having been the object of a coronation A coronation is the act of placement or bestowal of a crown upon a monarch's head. The term also generally refers not only to the physical crowning but ...

Carmel Carmel may refer to: * Carmel (biblical settlement), an ancient Israelite town in Judea * Mount Carmel, a coastal mountain range in Israel overlooking the Mediterranean Sea * Carmelites, a Roman Catholic mendicant religious order Carmel may also ...

, commonly known as Our Lady of the Hens or Madonna of the Hens ( it, Madonna delle Galline), is a

religious Religion is usually defined as a social- cultural system of designated behaviors and practices, morals, beliefs, worldviews, texts, sanctified places, prophecies, ethics, or organizations, that generally relates humanity to supernatural, ...

and civil

festival A festival is an event ordinarily celebrated by a community and centering on some characteristic aspect or aspects of that community and its religion or cultures. It is often marked as a local or national holiday, mela, or eid. A festival co ...

annually celebrated in

Pagani, Campania Pagani (, ''('e) Pavane'' in ) is a town and ''comune'' in Campania, Italy, administratively part of the Province of Salerno, in the region known as the Agro Nocerino Sarnese. Pagani has a population of 35,834, as of 2016. History In the perio ...

History

Popular tradition has it that a wooden panel depicting the

Virgin of Carmel Our Lady of Mount Carmel, or Virgin of Carmel, is the title given to the Blessed Virgin Mary in her role as patroness of the Carmelite Order, particularly within the Catholic Church. The first Carmelites were Christian hermits living on Mount Ca ...

was kept in a church perched in the mountains of Tramonti (); one night, the Madonna appeared to the

sacristan A sacristan is an officer charged with care of the sacristy, the church, and their contents. In ancient times, many duties of the sacrist were performed by the doorkeepers ( ostiarii), and later by the treasurers and mansionarii. The Decret ...

in a dream, asking him to tell the priest to repair the crumbling church, otherwise she would have gone away, to a town where "even the hens" would have loved her. The sacristan reported everything to the priest, but the latter took it lightly; the consequences were serious: there was, in fact, a strong storm, and the mud carried the painting with it downstream, to the territory of the municipality of Pagani. In the

16th century The 16th century begins with the Julian year 1501 ( MDI) and ends with either the Julian or the Gregorian year 1600 ( MDC) (depending on the reckoning used; the Gregorian calendar introduced a lapse of 10 days in October 1582). The 16th centur ...

, on the

Octave Day of Easter The Second Sunday of Easter is the day that occurs seven days after the Christian celebration of Easter. Those churches which give special significance to this day recognize it by various names. In the Roman Rite of the Catholic Church, this day is ...

, some hens, scratching in a chicken coop, brought to light the small wooden table. The image is said to have performed eight

miracle A miracle is an event that is inexplicable by natural or scientific lawsOne dictionary define"Miracle"as: "A surprising and welcome event that is not explicable by natural or scientific laws and is therefore considered to be the work of a divi ...

s. It all began in 1609, when a cripple, who had fallen asleep in front of a dressing room belonging to the ancient parish of San Felice, where the table found by the hens was kept, saw the Madonna in his sleep; she invited him to get up and throw away his crutches because he was healed. The evident miracle attracted general attention to the small oratory, and in a very short time there were new healings: between 1609 and 1610 there were seven other miracles that confirmed in the faithful the devotion to the 'Madonna of the Hens' in and out of the

Agro nocerino-sarnese The Agro Nocerino Sarnese is a geographical region of the Province of Salerno, in Campania in southern Italy; the river Sarno flows through it. It is a low-lying area bounded to the south by the Monti Lattari, to the east and north-east by the ...

. It was then decided the building of a more worthy church to welcome the faithful, and in 1610 Msgr. Lunadoro,

bishop of Nocera de' Pagani The Diocese of Nocera Inferiore-Sarno (Latin: ''Dioecesis Nucerina Paganorum-Sarnensis'') is a Roman Catholic diocese located in the Campania region of Italy. It is a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Salerno-Campagna-Acerno.

, tells us that "thanks to the help of the devout people, who give large alms, a much more capable church is begun" to be built in the place where the hens had found the table. The work had to proceed very quickly considering that Msgr.

Stefano de Vicari Stefano de Vicari, O.P. (died 1620) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Nocera de' Pagani (1610–1620).Shrine of Our Lady of the Hens The Shrine of Saint Mary the Crowned of Carmel ( it, Santuario di Santa Maria Incoronata del Carmine), also called Shrine of Our Lady of the Hens ( it, Santuario della Madonna delle Galline), is a Roman Catholic Marian shrine located in Pagani, ...

. In August 1786 the diocesan bishop, Msgr.

Benedetto dei Monti Sanfelice The Diocese of Nocera Inferiore-Sarno (Latin: ''Dioecesis Nucerina Paganorum-Sarnensis'') is a Roman Catholic diocese located in the Campania region of Italy. It is a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Salerno-Campagna-Acerno.

, published a decree with which the

chapter Chapter or Chapters may refer to: Books * Chapter (books), a main division of a piece of writing or document * Chapter book, a story book intended for intermediate readers, generally age 7–10 * Chapters (bookstore), Canadian big box bookstore ...

of Saint Peter in the Vatican decided to solemnly

crown A crown is a traditional form of head adornment, or hat, worn by monarchs as a symbol of their power and dignity. A crown is often, by extension, a symbol of the monarch's government or items endorsed by it. The word itself is used, partic ...

the 'Madonna delle Galline' in gratitude for the protection of Mary to the population. The coronation ceremony took place in 1787.

Celebration

At dawn on Monday, the tammorrari, engaged for three days and three nights to play and dance in the toselli, go in procession to the sanctuary, where they deposit their instruments at the feet of the Virgin and, thanking her, make an act of submission, and then, without ever turning your back to the altar, leave the sanctuary singing the ancient popular song Madonna de la Grazia.

Traditional food

Along with the typical

Easter food Easter,Traditional names for the feast in English are "Easter Day", as in the ''Book of Common Prayer''; "Easter Sunday", used by James Ussher''The Whole Works of the Most Rev. James Ussher, Volume 4'') and Samuel Pepys''The Diary of Samuel ...

, like or

casatiello Casatiello ( nap, casatiéllo, it, casatello) is a leavened savory bread originating from Naples prepared during the Easter period. Its basic ingredients are flour, lard, cheese, salami, cracklings, eggs and black pepper. Etymology The ...

, the traditional dishes of this festival are

tagliolini Tagliolini () is a type of ribbon pasta, long like spaghetti, roughly wide, similar to tagliatelle, but thin like capellini. It is a traditional recipe in the Molise and Piedmont regions of Italy. In Piedmont it is called tajarin and made of egg ...

with

ragù In Italian cuisine, ragù () is a meat-based sauce that is commonly served with pasta. An Italian gastronomic society, Accademia Italiana della Cucina, documented several ragù recipes. The recipes' common characteristics are the presence of mea ...

(meat sauce), savory pies and grilled

stuffed artichoke The globe artichoke (''Cynara cardunculus'' var. ''scolymus'' ),Rottenberg, A., and D. Zohary, 1996: "The wild ancestry of the cultivated artichoke." Genet. Res. Crop Evol. 43, 53–58. also known by the names French artichoke and green articho ...

s - barbecued on the ''furnacella'' (

Neapolitan Neapolitan means of or pertaining to Naples, a city in Italy; or to: Geography and history * Province of Naples, a province in the Campania region of southern Italy that includes the city * Duchy of Naples, in existence during the Early and High ...

, literally 'little furnace'), a traditional

outdoor cooking Outdoor cooking is the preparation of food in the outdoors. A significant body of techniques and specialized equipment exists for it, traditionally associated with nomadic cultures such as the Berber people, Berbers of North Africa, the Arab B ...

device, basically a square charcoal

barbecue grill A barbecue grill or barbeque grill (known as a barbecue or barbie in Australia and New Zealand) is a device that cooks food by applying heat from below. There are several varieties of grills, with most falling into one of three categories: gas-fu ...

. By eating the aforementioned tagliolini, tradition has it that you stain your shirt with the meat sauce. The stain is called ''schizzetto'', that is 'little sketch' in

Italian Italian(s) may refer to: * Anything of, from, or related to the people of Italy over the centuries ** Italians, an ethnic group or simply a citizen of the Italian Republic or Italian Kingdom ** Italian language, a Romance language *** Regional Ita ...

Recognition

The has recognized the event as an Intangible Cultural Heritage of Italy ( it, Patrimonio immateriale d'Italia).

Gallery

File:Santuario Madonna delle Galline in 2009.jpg File:Statua Madonna delle Galline.jpg File:Statua Madonna delle Galline 2.jpg File:Statua Madonna delle Galline 3.jpg File:Madonna delle Galline in processione, 2018.jpg

Notes and references

Notes

References

Bibliography

* *

External links

* * * * * * {{Subject bar , commons = y , commons-search = Feast of Our Lady of the Hens , d = y , d-search = Q17630412 , portal1 = Catholicism , portal2 = Italy Our Lady of Mount Carmel Christianity in Campania

Italian folklore Province of Salerno