Fadrique Álvarez de Toledo y Enríquez, 2nd Duke of Alba (in full, ) ( – 19 October 1531) was a Spanish nobleman, military leader and politician.
Life and career
He was the eldest son of
García Álvarez de Toledo, 1st Duke of Alba, and his wife, María Enríquez de Quiñones, daughter of Fadrique Enríquez de Mendoza and younger half-sister to
Juana Enríquez
Juana Enriquez, 5th Lady of Casarrubios del Monte (1425 – 13 February 1468) was Queen of Aragon and de facto Queen consort of Navarre as the wife of King John II. Juana Enríquez was the Regent of Navarre during the absence of her husban ...
, Queen of Aragon.
Fadrique was very close to the
Catholic Monarchs
The Catholic Monarchs were Isabella I of Castile, Queen Isabella I of Crown of Castile, Castile () and Ferdinand II of Aragon, King Ferdinand II of Crown of Aragón, Aragon (), whose marriage and joint rule marked the ''de facto'' unification of ...
. His father had fought in the
War of the Castilian Succession
The War of the Castilian Succession was the military conflict contested from 1475 to 1479 for the succession of the Crown of Castile fought between the supporters of Joanna 'la Beltraneja', reputed daughter of the late monarch Henry IV of Castil ...
on the side of the future Queen
Isabella I of Castille against her niece
Juana la Beltraneja, and his mother was the younger half-sister of
Juana Enríquez y Fernandez de Cordoba, making him the first cousin of
Ferdinand II of Aragon
Ferdinand II, also known as Ferdinand I, Ferdinand III, and Ferdinand V (10 March 1452 – 23 January 1516), called Ferdinand the Catholic, was King of Aragon from 1479 until his death in 1516. As the husband and co-ruler of Queen Isabella I of ...
.
He participated in the conquest of
Granada
Granada ( ; ) is the capital city of the province of Granada, in the autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community of Andalusia, Spain. Granada is located at the foot of the Sierra Nevada (Spain), Sierra Nevada mountains, at the confluence ...
, and already as Duke, he led the Spanish army against the French in
Roussillon
Roussillon ( , , ; , ; ) was a historical province of France that largely corresponded to the County of Roussillon and French Cerdagne, part of the County of Cerdagne of the former Principality of Catalonia. It is part of the region of ' ...
in 1503. When Ferdinand II as regent of
Castilla, decided to invade and conquer the
Kingdom of Navarre
The Kingdom of Navarre ( ), originally the Kingdom of Pamplona, occupied lands on both sides of the western Pyrenees, with its northernmost areas originally reaching the Atlantic Ocean (Bay of Biscay), between present-day Spain and France.
The me ...
, supported by a Papal bull, he put the Duke of Alba at the head of his army. Fadrique conquered Navarre in only two weeks time. As a reward, he was promoted to capitan general of
Andalucía
Andalusia ( , ; , ) is the southernmost autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community in Peninsular Spain, located in the south of the Iberian Peninsula, in southwestern Europe. It is the most populous and the second-largest autonomou ...
and Duke of
Huescar in 1513.
He was also a member of the ''Consejo de Estado'' under
Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor
Charles V (24 February 1500 – 21 September 1558) was Holy Roman Emperor and Archduke of Austria from 1519 to 1556, King of Spain (as Charles I) from 1516 to 1556, and Lord of the Netherlands as titular Duke of Burgundy (as Charles II) ...
. He accompanied the Emperor to Germany, Flanders and Italy and was made in 1520 a
grandee of Spain
Grandee (; , ) is an official royal and noble ranks, aristocratic title conferred on some Spanish nobility. Holders of this dignity enjoyed similar privileges to those of the peerage of France during the , though in neither country did they ha ...
and a knight in the
Order of the Golden Fleece
The Distinguished Order of the Golden Fleece (, ) is a Catholic order of chivalry founded in 1430 in Brugge by Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, to celebrate his marriage to Isabella of Portugal, Duchess of Burgundy, Isabella of Portugal. T ...
.
He married Isabel de Zúñiga (1470-after 1520), Condesa de Sevilla, in 1480 and had five children. His eldest son García was destined to be his successor, but predeceased his father, passing the title of third Duke of Alba to Fadrique's grandson, the famous Iron Duke
Fernando Álvarez de Toledo y Pimentel.
His offspring:
*1) Leonor Álvarez de Toledo, married Rodrigo Portocarrero.
*2) Garcia Álvarez de Toledo y Zuniga (?–1512), Marquess of Coria, married Beatriz Pimentel:
** Catalina Álvarez de Toledo y Pimentel, married Diego Enríquez de Velasco, 3rd Count of Alba de Liste.
** Maria Álvarez de Toledo y Pimentel, married her cousin Enrique Enríquez de Toledo, 4th Count of Alba de Liste.
**
Fernando Álvarez de Toledo y Pimentel, 3rd Duke of Alba.
*3)
Pedro Álvarez de Toledo y Zúñiga (1484–1553), Viceroy of Naples, married María Osorio y Pimentel:
**
García Álvarez de Toledo, 4th Marquis of Villafranca), Viceroy of Naples.
**
Eleanor of Toledo, married
Cosimo I de' Medici
Cosimo I de' Medici (12 June 1519 – 21 April 1574) was the second and last duke of Florence from 1537 until 1569, when he became the first grand duke of Tuscany, a title he held until his death. Cosimo I succeeded his cousin to the duchy. ...
,
Grand Duke of Tuscany
Grand may refer to:
People with the name
* Grand (surname)
* Grand L. Bush (born 1955), American actor
Places
* Grand, Oklahoma, USA
* Grand, Vosges, village and commune in France with Gallo-Roman amphitheatre
* Grand County (disambiguation), se ...
.
*4) Aldonza Leonor Álvarez de Toledo y Zuniga, married Diego Enríquez de Velasco, 3rd Count of Alba de Liste.
*5)
Juan Álvarez de Toledo
Juan Álvarez de Toledo (15 July 1488 – 15 September 1557) was a Spanish Dominican and Cardinal, from 1538. Considered ''papabile'' in the papal conclave (1549–1550), he was initially running second in votes to Reginald Pole. He was again a ...
(1488–1557), cardinal.
Additional information
See also
*
House of Alba
*
Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor
Charles V (24 February 1500 – 21 September 1558) was Holy Roman Emperor and Archduke of Austria from 1519 to 1556, King of Spain (as Charles I) from 1516 to 1556, and Lord of the Netherlands as titular Duke of Burgundy (as Charles II) ...
*
Joanna La Beltraneja
Joanna of Castile, known as ''la Beltraneja'' (28 February 1462 – 12 April 1530), was a claimant to the throne of Castile, and Queen of Portugal as the wife of King Afonso V, her uncle.
Early life
King Henry IV of Castile married Joan o ...
*
Isabella I of Castile
Isabella I (; 22 April 1451 – 26 November 1504), also called Isabella the Catholic (Spanish: ''Isabel la Católica''), was Queen of Castile and List of Leonese monarchs, León from 1474 until her death in 1504. She was also Queen of Aragon ...
*
Ferdinand II of Aragon
Ferdinand II, also known as Ferdinand I, Ferdinand III, and Ferdinand V (10 March 1452 – 23 January 1516), called Ferdinand the Catholic, was King of Aragon from 1479 until his death in 1516. As the husband and co-ruler of Queen Isabella I of ...
*
War of the Castilian Succession
The War of the Castilian Succession was the military conflict contested from 1475 to 1479 for the succession of the Crown of Castile fought between the supporters of Joanna 'la Beltraneja', reputed daughter of the late monarch Henry IV of Castil ...
Sources
*
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Alvarez De Toledo, Fadrique 02
1460s births
1531 deaths
Fadrique 02
Knights of the Golden Fleece
Fadrique 02
Grandees of Spain