, trading as , or simply Fuji, is a Japanese multinational conglomerate headquartered in

Tokyo Tokyo, officially the Tokyo Metropolis, is the capital of Japan, capital and List of cities in Japan, most populous city in Japan. With a population of over 14 million in the city proper in 2023, it is List of largest cities, one of the most ...

Japan Japan is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean off the northeast coast of the Asia, Asian mainland, it is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan and extends from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea ...

, operating in the areas of

photography Photography is the visual arts, art, application, and practice of creating images by recording light, either electronically by means of an image sensor, or chemically by means of a light-sensitive material such as photographic film. It is empl ...

optics Optics is the branch of physics that studies the behaviour and properties of light, including its interactions with matter and the construction of optical instruments, instruments that use or Photodetector, detect it. Optics usually describes t ...

office An office is a space where the employees of an organization perform Business administration, administrative Work (human activity), work in order to support and realize the various goals of the organization. The word "office" may also denote a po ...

and medical electronics,

biotechnology Biotechnology is a multidisciplinary field that involves the integration of natural sciences and Engineering Science, engineering sciences in order to achieve the application of organisms and parts thereof for products and services. Specialists ...

, and chemicals. The company started as a manufacturer of

photographic film Photographic film is a strip or sheet of transparent film base coated on one side with a gelatin photographic emulsion, emulsion containing microscopically small light-sensitive silver halide crystals. The sizes and other characteristics of the ...

s, which it still produces. Fujifilm products include document solutions,

medical imaging Medical imaging is the technique and process of imaging the interior of a body for clinical analysis and medical intervention, as well as visual representation of the function of some organs or tissues (physiology). Medical imaging seeks to revea ...

and diagnostics equipment, cosmetics, pharmaceutical drugs, regenerative medicine,

stem cell In multicellular organisms, stem cells are undifferentiated or partially differentiated cells that can change into various types of cells and proliferate indefinitely to produce more of the same stem cell. They are the earliest type of cell ...

s, biologics manufacturing, magnetic tape data storage, optical films for flat-panel displays, optical devices, photocopiers, printers, digital cameras, color films, color paper, photofinishing and

graphic arts A category of fine art, graphic art covers a broad range of visual artistic expression, typically two-dimensional graphics, i.e. produced on a flat surface, Fujifilm is part of the Sumitomo Mitsui Financial Group financial conglomerate ('' keiretsu'').

History

20th century

Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. was established in 1934 as a subsidiary of Daicel producing

s. In the 1940s, Fuji Photo entered the optical glasses, lenses and equipment markets. In 1962, Fuji Photo and UK-based Rank Xerox Limited (now Xerox Limited) launched Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. through a joint venture. From the mid-1950s, Fuji Photo began establishing overseas sales bases. In the 1980s, the company expanded its production and other operations internationally. During this period, Fuji Photo developed digital technologies for its photography, medical, and printing sectors. This led to the invention of computed radiography (CR), which addressed several problems associated with traditional radiography, including reducing radiation exposure for both technicians and patients. Fujifilm's systems were marketed and sold under the FCR brand. Like its rival

Eastman Kodak The Eastman Kodak Company, referred to simply as Kodak (), is an American public company that produces various products related to its historic basis in film photography. The company is headquartered in Rochester, New York, and is incorporated i ...

which dominated in the US, Fuji Photo enjoyed a longtime near-monopoly on camera film in Japan. Fuji increased market share in the US by becoming one of the title sponsors of the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics, offering cheaper camera film, and establishing a film factory in the US. In 1994 vice president Juntarō Suzuki announced that the company would halt paying sōkaiya, a type of protection racket bribe, to Yakuza. In retaliation he was murdered in front of his home by Yakuza. In May 1995, Kodak filed a petition with the US Commerce Department under section 301 of the Commerce Act arguing that its poor performance in the Japanese market was a direct result of unfair practices adopted by Fuji. The complaint was lodged by the US with the World Trade Organization. On January 30, 1998, the WTO announced a "sweeping rejection of Kodak's complaints" about the film market in Japan.

21st century

In March 2006,

Noritsu Noritsu Koki Co., Ltd. is a Japanese holding company with subsidiaries engaged in the development and sales of audio equipment, the manufacture and sales of pen-nib components, and healthcare for medical data analysis and research. Overview No ...

and Fuji announced a strategic alliance for Noritsu to manufacture all of Fuji's photofinishing hardware, such as mini labs. Each company produces its own software for the mini labs. On September 19, 2006, Fujifilm announced plans to establish a

holding company A holding company is a company whose primary business is holding a controlling interest in the Security (finance), securities of other companies. A holding company usually does not produce goods or services itself. Its purpose is to own Share ...

, Fujifilm Holdings Corp. Fujifilm and Fuji Xerox would become subsidiaries of the holding company. A representative of the company reconfirmed its commitment to film, which accounts for 3% of sales. On January 31, 2018, Fujifilm announced that it would acquire a 50.1% controlling stake in Xerox for US$6.1 billion, which will be amalgamated into its existing Fuji Xerox business. The deal was subsequently dropped after intervention by activist investors

Carl Icahn Carl Celian Icahn (; born February 16, 1936) is an American businessman and investor. He is the founder and controlling shareholder of Icahn Enterprises, a public company and diversified conglomerate holding company based in Sunny Isles Beach, ...

and Darwin Deason. In late 2019, Fujifilm announced its acquisition of Xerox's 25% stake in the 57-year-old joint venture, Fuji Xerox. In December 2019, Fujifilm acquired

Hitachi () is a Japanese Multinational corporation, multinational Conglomerate (company), conglomerate founded in 1910 and headquartered in Chiyoda, Tokyo. The company is active in various industries, including digital systems, power and renewable ener ...

's diagnostic imaging business for US$1.63 billion. Amid the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic, one of Fujifilm Toyama Chemical drugs, i.e. favipiravir, an antiviral commercially named Avigan, is being considered as a possible treatment for the virus, after having been approved by China, Russia, and Indonesia authorities by June 2020. In June 2020, Fujifilm announced a US$928 million investment to a

Denmark Denmark is a Nordic countries, Nordic country in Northern Europe. It is the metropole and most populous constituent of the Kingdom of Denmark,, . also known as the Danish Realm, a constitutionally unitary state that includes the Autonomous a ...

-based biologics production facility, which it acquired from Biogen a year earlier for around US$890 million, to double the manufacturing capacity. A tape cartridge using

strontium Strontium is a chemical element; it has symbol Sr and atomic number 38. An alkaline earth metal, it is a soft silver-white yellowish metallic element that is highly chemically reactive. The metal forms a dark oxide layer when it is exposed to ...

ferrite that could store up to 400 TB was showcased by Fujifilm in the late same month.

Subsidiaries

Fuji Xerox was a joint venture between Fujifilm and

Xerox Xerox Holdings Corporation (, ) is an American corporation that sells print and electronic document, digital document products and services in more than 160 countries. Xerox was the pioneer of the photocopier market, beginning with the introduc ...

Corporation of North America. After the dissolution of their partnership in 2019, Fujifilm made it a wholly owned subsidiary. In January 2020, the corporate name change was announced, from Fuji Xerox to Fujifilm Business Innovation Corporation, effective on April 1, 2021. Fujifilm bought Sericol Ltd., a UK-based printing ink company specializing in screen, narrow web, and digital print technologies in March 2005. Fujifilm de México is a Fujifilm subsidiary in Mexico that sells Fujifilm products since 1934 and has been recognized as one of The Best Mexican Companies (Las Mejores Empresas Mexicanas) from 2012 to 2015, a recognition promoted by Banamex, Deloitte México and Tecnológico de Monterrey. Fujifilm is active in pharmaceutical products and contract manufacturing through its subsidiaries including Fujifilm Toyama Chemical, Fujifilm Diosynth Biotechnologies, etc. As of July 2020, the Fuji film Group has two operating companies, which encompass more than 300 subsidiaries in total, and three "shared services companies" under the umbrella. The group structure and a list of some Fuji film subsidiaries are the following: * Fujifilm Holdings Corporation ** Fujifilm Corporation *** Fujifilm Imaging Systems **** Fuji Color Photo Center *** Fujifilm Medical *** Fujifilm Pharma *** Fujifilm RI Pharma *** Fuji film Toyama Chemical *** Fujifilm Dimatix *** Fujifilm Diosynth Biotechnologies *** FUJIFILM Cellular Dynamics *** Fujifilm Photo Manufacturing *** Fujifilm Fine Chemicals *** Fujifilm Electronics Materials *** Fujifilm Engineering *** Fujifilm Irvine Scientific *** Fujifilm Optics *** Fujifilm Opto Materials *** Fujifilm Global Graphic Systems *** Fujifilm Computer Systems *** Fujifilm Software *** Fujifilm Techno Services *** Fujifilm Techno Products *** Fujifilm Business Supply *** Fujifilm Digital Press *** Fujifilm Media Crest *** Fujifilm Sonosite, Inc. *** Fujifilm Shizuoka *** Fujifilm Kyushu *** Fujifilm Logistics *** Fujifilm VisualSonics ** Fuji Xerox *** Fuji Xerox Printing Systems Sales *** Fuji Xerox Information Systems *** Fuji Xerox System Service *** Fuji Xerox Interfield *** Fuji Xerox Advanced Technologies *** Fuji Xerox Manufacturing *** Fuji Xerox Service Creative *** Fuji Xerox Service Link *** Fuji Xerox Learning Institute ** Fujifilm Business Expert Corporation ** Fujifilm Systems Corporation ** Fujifilm Intellectual Property Research Co., Ltd.

Products

Fujichrome R100 35mm Film Which Expired in 1972

Photographic film

* Fujifilm photographic films * Motion picture film stock. (Discontinued 2013.) * Fujichrome color reversal (slide) films. ** Velvia: one of the most saturated and fine-grained slide films, valued by nature and landscape photographers. ** Provia: a slide film giving more natural colors than Velvia ** : a fined grained, low contrast slide film often used for studio or portrait applications ** Sensia: a low-contrast consumer slide film; the current emulsion is considered to be identical or near-identical to Astia in the professional line. ** Fortia: slide film, featuring extremely vivid color rendering suitable for flower photography and other high-saturation applications (for Japanese market). * Fujicolor color negative (print) films ** Fujicolor Pro 160S, 160C, 400H, and 800Z (formerly NPS, NPC, NPH, and NPZ): professional films with different levels of contrast ** Reala: the first film to use the fourth cyan-sensitive layer, currently sold under Superia Reala name **

Superia Superia may refer to: * ''Superia'' (video game), a Norwegian game based on ''Adventure Rock'' * ''Superia'' (comics), a fictional character in the Marvel Comics universe * Fujifilm Superia, a brand of photographic film * Superior craton The Su ...

: intended for snapshots ** Press: Cut from the same emulsion stock as Superia, but cold stored and sold as a professional film. *Fuji Neopan Professional black & white negative film. Neopan 400 and 1600 were designed to use the same developing times, and can be developed in the same tank/machine and developer combination simultaneously. ACROS and SS do not share this feature. ** Neopan SS: ISO 100 film, most common and least expensive Neopan film ** Neopan ACROS: ISO 100 film, finer grain than SS but usually more expensive ** Neopan Presto: ISO 400 speed film ** Neopan Super Presto: ISO 1600 for low-light shooting or fast action * Instax instant film packs for Fujifilm's line of instant film cameras

Cameras and lenses

* Fujifilm GFX series cameras ( medium format sensor) * Fujifilm X series cameras (all current models APS-C; some past models featured a 2/3" sensor) * The Fujifilm FinePix series of

digital camera A digital camera, also called a digicam, is a camera that captures photographs in Digital data storage, digital memory. Most cameras produced today are digital, largely replacing those that capture images on photographic film or film stock. Dig ...

s including: ** Nikon F-mount compatible digital SLRs like the FinePix S5 Pro ** Compact cameras like the FinePix F-series and FinePix Z-Series, Fujifilm X100 and X100S ** Waterproof and shockproof FinePix XP-Series digital cameras * The Clear Shot series of 35mm compact cameras * Instax series of

instant camera An instant camera is a camera which uses instant film, self-developing film to create a chemically Photographic processing, developed print shortly after taking the picture. Polaroid Corporation pioneered (and Patent, patented) consumer-friend ...

* Fotorama series of instant camera * Various rangefinder cameras, and older Fujica film cameras * Professional film cameras such as the GA645, GW670, GW690, GF670, GF670W and Fuji GX680 6x8cm medium format cameras * Fujinon camera lenses and binoculars: including the most widely used television lenses in the world

Other

Photographic paper Photographic paper is a coated paper, paper coated with a light-sensitive chemical, used for making photographic prints. When photographic paper is exposed to light, it captures a latent image that is then Photographic developer, developed to form ...

* Inkjet printer paper * Magnetic media, including audiotape (also includes the Axia brand) until 2009,

videotape Videotape is magnetic tape used for storing video and usually Sound recording and reproduction, sound in addition. Information stored can be in the form of either an analog signal, analog or Digital signal (signal processing), digital signal. V ...

, Magnetic tape data storage and

floppy disk A floppy disk or floppy diskette (casually referred to as a floppy, a diskette, or a disk) is a type of disk storage composed of a thin and flexible disk of a magnetic storage medium in a square or nearly square plastic enclosure lined with a ...

s * Optical media, such as DVDs and CDs, mostly produced by Ritek and Taiyo Yuden; some by

Philips Koninklijke Philips N.V. (), simply branded Philips, is a Dutch multinational health technology company that was founded in Eindhoven in 1891. Since 1997, its world headquarters have been situated in Amsterdam, though the Benelux headquarter ...

* Flash memory * Fujifilm X-Trans series of CMOS image sensors. * Photostimulable Phosphor Plate -

X-ray An X-ray (also known in many languages as Röntgen radiation) is a form of high-energy electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength shorter than those of ultraviolet rays and longer than those of gamma rays. Roughly, X-rays have a wavelength ran ...

film. * Base material for LCD displays * Recording Media * Microfilm * Minilab equipments, announced in 2006 a global alliance with Noritsu Koki, together holding a market share of more than 80% of the global market * Digital X-Ray, digital mammography and computed radiography devices * Synapse Radiology PACS * Synapse Cardiovascular PACS * Synapse RIS * Ultrasound systems * Endoscopy * Specialty Chemicals * Biologics contract manufacturing and development * Biomaterials * Regenerative medicine * Cosmetics (ASTALIFT series, Nanolift series) Fujifilm FinePix XP130.jpg, Fujifilm FinePix XP130 yellow camera Fujifilm S5 pro img 1034.jpg, Fujifilm S5 Pro Fujifilm IS Pro.jpg, Fujifilm IS Pro Fujifilm Instax SQUARE SQ10 20 apr 2018a.jpg, Instant camera Fujifilm Instax SQUARE SQ10 Instax210wide.jpg, Instant camera Fujifilm Instax 210 Fujifilm FinePix S5500.jpg, Fujifilm FinePix S5500 Fujifilm FinePix S700.jpg, Fujifilm FinePix S700 Fujinon GF 32-64mm F4.jpg, Fujinon GF 32–64 mm F4 R LM WR lens Fujifilm's Disposable camera Vending machine.jpg, Fujifilm products in a film vending machine in Japan Fujica STX-1N camera.jpg, Fujifilm Fujica STX-1N Fujifilm GFX 50S 20170402.jpg, Fujifilm GFX 50S FC Admira Wacker Mödling vs. FC Red Bull Salzburg (Cup) 2017-04-26 (148).jpg, A Fujifilm television lens

References

External links

* (Consumer) * (Corporate) * Wiki collection of bibliographic works on Fujifilm {{Authority control 1940s initial public offerings Chemical companies established in 1934 Chemical companies of Japan Companies listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange Companies in the Nikkei 225 Consumer battery manufacturers Cosmetics companies of Japan Electronics companies established in 1934 Electronics companies of Japan Japanese brands Japanese companies established in 1934 Lens manufacturers Manufacturing companies established in 1934 Multinational companies headquartered in Japan Optics manufacturing companies of Japan Photographic film makers Photography equipment manufacturers of Japan Recipients of the Scientific and Technical Academy Award of Merit Technology companies established in 1934