Erectile tissue is tissue in the body with numerous vascular spaces, or
cavernous tissue, that may become engorged with
blood
Blood is a body fluid in the circulatory system of humans and other vertebrates that delivers necessary substances such as nutrients and oxygen to the cells, and transports metabolic waste products away from those same cells. Blood in the c ...
.
However, tissue that is devoid of or otherwise lacking erectile tissue (such as the
labia minora
The labia minora (Latin for 'smaller lips', singular: ''labium minus'', 'smaller lip'), also known as the inner labia, inner lips, vaginal lips or nymphae are two flaps of skin on either side of the human vaginal opening in the vulva, situated b ...
, the vestibule/
vagina
In mammals, the vagina is the elastic, muscular part of the female genital tract. In humans, it extends from the vestibule to the cervix. The outer vaginal opening is normally partly covered by a thin layer of mucosal tissue called the hymen ...
and the
urethra
The urethra (from Greek οὐρήθρα – ''ourḗthrā'') is a tube that connects the urinary bladder to the urinary meatus for the removal of urine from the body of both females and males. In human females and other primates, the urethra con ...
) may also be described as engorging with blood, often with regard to
sexual arousal.
In the clitoris and penis
Erectile tissue exists in places such as the
corpora cavernosa of the
penis
A penis (plural ''penises'' or ''penes'' () is the primary sexual organ that male animals use to inseminate females (or hermaphrodites) during copulation. Such organs occur in many animals, both vertebrate and invertebrate, but males do n ...
, and in the
clitoris or in the
bulbs of vestibule.
During
erection, the corpora cavernosa will become engorged with arterial blood, a process called ''tumescence''.
[Chapter 35 in: ] This may result from any of various physiological stimuli, also known as sexual arousal. The
corpus spongiosum
The corpus spongiosum is the mass of spongy tissue surrounding the male urethra within the penis. It is also called the corpus cavernosum urethrae in older texts.
Anatomy
The proximal part of the corpus spongiosum is expanded to form the ure ...
is a single tubular structure located just below the corpora cavernosa. This may also become slightly engorged with blood, but less so than the corpora cavernosa.
In the nose
Erectile tissue is present in the anterior part of the
nasal septum
The nasal septum () separates the left and right airways of the Human nose, nasal cavity, dividing the two nostrils.
It is Depression (kinesiology), depressed by the depressor septi nasi muscle.
Structure
The fleshy external end of the nasal ...
and is attached to the
turbinates
In anatomy, a nasal concha (), plural conchae (), also called a nasal turbinate or turbinal, is a long, narrow, curled shelf of bone that protrudes into the breathing passage of the nose in humans and various animals. The conchae are shaped like ...
of the nose. The
nasal cycle
The nasal cycle is the unconscious alternating partial congestion and decongestion of the nasal cavities in humans and other animals. This results in greater airflow through one nostril with periodic alternation between the nostrils. It is a ph ...
occurs as the erectile tissue on one side of the nose congests and the other side decongests. This process is controlled by the autonomic nervous system with parasympathetic dominance being associated with congestion and sympathetic with decongestion.
The time of one cycle may very greatly between individuals with Kahana-Zweig et al. finding a range between 15 minutes and 10.35 hours though the average was noted as 2.15 ± 1.84 hours.
Other types
Erectile tissue is also found in the nose (
turbinates
In anatomy, a nasal concha (), plural conchae (), also called a nasal turbinate or turbinal, is a long, narrow, curled shelf of bone that protrudes into the breathing passage of the nose in humans and various animals. The conchae are shaped like ...
),
urethral sponge
The urethral sponge is a spongy cushion of tissue, found in the lower genital area of females, that sits against both the pubic bone and vaginal wall, and surrounds the urethra.
Functions
The urethral sponge is composed of erectile tissue; d ...
and
perineal sponge
The perineal sponge is a spongy cushion of tissue and blood vessels found in the lower genital area of women. It sits between the vaginal opening and rectum and is internal to the perineum and perineal body.
Functions
The perineal sponge is comp ...
.
The
erection of nipples is not due to erectile tissue, but rather due to the contraction of
smooth muscle under the control of the
autonomic nervous system.
References
Sexual anatomy
{{Anatomy-stub
ru:Пещеристое тело