Francisco Eusébio Lourenço Leão (2 February 1864 – 21 November 1926) was a Portuguese physician and republican politician.

Biography

He was born in Gavião, Portalegre. He was trained as a physician in the Lisbon Medico-Surgical School, from which he graduated in 1890. He practised

medicine Medicine is the science and Praxis (process), practice of caring for patients, managing the Medical diagnosis, diagnosis, prognosis, Preventive medicine, prevention, therapy, treatment, Palliative care, palliation of their injury or disease, ...

in his hometown of Gavião, and then specialised in

urology Urology (from Ancient Greek, Greek wikt:οὖρον, οὖρον ''ouron'' "urine" and ''wiktionary:-logia, -logia'' "study of"), also known as genitourinary surgery, is the branch of medicine that focuses on surgical and medical diseases of t ...

Paris Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, largest city of France. With an estimated population of 2,048,472 residents in January 2025 in an area of more than , Paris is the List of ci ...

and

Berlin Berlin ( ; ) is the Capital of Germany, capital and largest city of Germany, by both area and List of cities in Germany by population, population. With 3.7 million inhabitants, it has the List of cities in the European Union by population withi ...

. He was politically active in Lisbon, especially after the

1890 British Ultimatum The 1890 British Ultimatum was an ultimatum by the British government delivered on 11 January 1890 to the Kingdom of Portugal. Portugal had attempted to claim a large area of land between its colonies of Mozambique and Angola including most of pr ...

, contributing to several publications as a vocal proponent of the republican ideals. He joined the

Freemasonry Freemasonry (sometimes spelled Free-Masonry) consists of fraternal groups that trace their origins to the medieval guilds of stonemasons. Freemasonry is the oldest secular fraternity in the world and among the oldest still-existing organizati ...

in 1893, part of the ''Elias Garcia'' Loge from 1895 and the ''José Estêvão'' Loge from 1911. Eusébio Leão was one of the founders of the newspaper ''A Pátria'' and, in October 1909, was elected Secretary to the Directory of the

Portuguese Republican Party The Portuguese Republican Party (, ) was a Portuguese political party formed during the late years of the constitutional monarchy that proposed and later brought about the replacement of the monarchy with the Portuguese First Republic. ...

. He ran several times for Parliament around this time, but was never elected. After the

Republican Revolution The "Republican Revolution", "Revolution of '94", or "Gingrich Revolution" are political slogans that refer to the Republican Party's (GOP) success in the 1994 U.S. midterm elections, which resulted in a net gain of 54 seats in the House o ...

in 1910, during which he was one of the people who proclaimed the new regime from the balcony of the

Lisbon City Hall The Lisbon City Hall (, ) is the seat of the Lisbon municipal government. The building is located in the City Square (''Praça do Município''), Santa Maria Maior (Lisbon), Santa Maria Maior, Lisbon. It houses the Lisbon City Council. Built in th ...

, he was made Civil Governor of the Lisbon District, and was elected member of the National Constituent Assembly to draft a new constitution. Afterwards, he became a

Senator A senate is a deliberative assembly, often the upper house or Legislative chamber, chamber of a bicameral legislature. The name comes from the Ancient Rome, ancient Roman Senate (Latin: ''Senatus''), so-called as an assembly of the senior ...

. When the

dissolved in 1912, Eusébio Leão became part of Brito Camacho's Unionist Party. That year, he was named ambassador in Rome, a post he occupied until October 1926. Eusébio Leão died in Lisbon, on 21 November 1926.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Leao, Eusebio People from Gavião, Portugal Portuguese Freemasons Portuguese Republican Party politicians Republican Union (Portugal) politicians 1864 births 1926 deaths 19th-century Portuguese physicians 20th-century Portuguese politicians