Eugène Claudius-Petit (1907–1989) was a French politician. He participated in many governments under the Fourth Republic and was a proponent of Firminy Vert. He later added his pseudonym from the Resistance, "Claudius", to his name.

Early life and career

He was born on 11 May 1907 in

Angers Angers (, , ;) is a city in western France, about southwest of Paris. It is the Prefectures of France, prefecture of the Maine-et-Loire department and was the capital of the province of Duchy of Anjou, Anjou until the French Revolution. The i ...

, and died on 24 October 1989 in

Paris Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, largest city of France. With an estimated population of 2,048,472 residents in January 2025 in an area of more than , Paris is the List of ci ...

. The son of a railway worker, he attended primary school in his hometown and then became an apprentice and made his tour of France as a journeyman. He worked for a cabinetmaker in Paris and then joined the Rambault Furniture Company in

. He took courses in the hopes of becoming an art teacher. He later became anarchist in his political views and campaigned briefly in the libertarian movement. He also hosted a local union CGTU then joined after a meeting with Marc Sangnier. He joined the

French Resistance The French Resistance ( ) was a collection of groups that fought the German military administration in occupied France during World War II, Nazi occupation and the Collaboration with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy#France, collaborationist Vic ...

under the name Claudius. In 1942, he was part of the executive committee of Free Marksman in which Peter Degon later joined. In 1943 he became a founding member of the CNR where he represented the MUR (United Movements of Resistance). He left France for London and Algiers, where he was a delegate to the Provisional Consultative Assembly. After moving back to Paris, he chaired the National Liberation Movement. He became a Companion of the Liberation, and was awarded the Croix de Guerre and the Legion of Honor.

Political career

Claudius-Petit was elected as Member of the Loire to the first and second National Constituent Assembly and the

National Assembly In politics, a national assembly is either a unicameral legislature, the lower house of a bicameral legislature, or both houses of a bicameral legislature together. In the English language it generally means "an assembly composed of the repr ...

from 1946 to 1955 under the Democratic and Socialist Union of the Resistance (UDSR) party. During the Fourth and the Fifth Republic, Claudius-Petit, who believed that politics was a struggle for "those who have nothing," became one of the central figures of modernist and social centrism. Appointed Minister of Reconstruction and Urbanism on 11 September 1948, he led a broad policy and planning team in France after the war that repaired the damage of the conflict and dealt with housing shortages without precedent. In February 1950, he appeared before the Council of Ministers to publish a pamphlet for national land use which is considered the founding manifesto of the policy conducted during the next half-century. To combat the excessive inequalities of settlement and activity, while balancing housing to industrial needs, Claudius-Petit advocated for a significant commitment in investment and regulation. He was then Minister of Labour and Social Security from 19 June to 3 September 1954 under the government of Pierre Mendès France before becoming the interim Minister of Housing from 14 August to 3 September 1954. He resigned after the rejection of the EDC. In the Ministry of Housing, he filed bills related to the acquisition of residential and industrial equipment, the procedure for codification of legislative texts concerning town planning and housing. He fought against slums. Defeated in the 1956 election, he found his seat in the National Assembly from 1958 to 1962 and from 1967 to 1978 under various centrist roles. From its inception in 1956 to 1977, he directed Sonacotra, the National Society for construction workers (Sonacotral, National Society of Algerian workers to build up the Evian agreements of 1962) Senior Manager of migrant workers' hostels in France. He was a practicing Catholic, a fact reflected by his speech on the final day of the debate on the legalization of abortion in France, on 19 December 1974: "In conclusion, and precisely because I did not let my spiritual beliefs at the door, I can not get rid of the solidarity that binds me to the society in which I live. To obey my demands, I am with those who suffer most, with those convicted as with those who are despised the most (...) Because of that, because of Him, I take my share of burden. I will fight against everything that leads to abortion, but I will vote for the law".

Firminy-Vert

As a friend of

Le Corbusier Charles-Édouard Jeanneret (6 October 188727 August 1965), known as Le Corbusier ( , ; ), was a Swiss-French architectural designer, painter, urban planner and writer, who was one of the pioneers of what is now regarded as modern architecture ...

, he embarked on a massive renovation of the town of Firminy. Elected mayor in 1953, he dreamed of building next to the city, "a city of the twentieth century to the best of his time," a kind of small

Brasília Brasília ( ; ) is the capital city, capital of Brazil and Federal District (Brazil), Federal District. Located in the Brazilian highlands in the country's Central-West Region, Brazil, Central-West region, it was founded by President Juscelino ...

, a compendium of modern architecture. In 1955, he governed several buildings by Le Corbusier, including a house of Culture, a "radiant city", a stage and the Church of St. Peter.

Honors

* Commander of the Legion of Honor * Companion of the Liberation - Decree of 19 October 1945 * Croix de Guerre 1939-1945 (2 citations) * Médaille de la Résistance with Rosette * Commander of Mérite Social * Commander of the Rose blanche de Finlande * Grand Officer of Ouissam Alaouite

Tributes

* A dead-end road at Saint-Étienne, bears his name. * An avenue at Bourges bears his name. * A street in Angers is named after him. * A district in the 14th arrondissement of Paris bears his name: Place Eugène Claudius-Petit * His "attic" (chalet in Courchevel) called "The Pin" became a historical monument since 23 January 2006

Bibliography

* « Pour un plan national d'aménagement du territoire », ''Les grands textes de l'aménagement du territoire et de la décentralisation''. Christel Alvergne, Pierre Musso, DATAR (Avant-propos de Jean-Pierre Raffarin, Premier ministre), 2004, * Benoît Pouvreau, Danièle Voldman, Un politique en architecture : Eugène Claudius-Petit (1907-1989), préf. de Dominique Claudius-Petit, éd. Le Moniteur, coll. « Architextes », 2004, 358 p., () * Pouvreau Benedict, ""La politique d'aménagement du territoire d'Eugène Claudius-Petit" in XX (magazine), No. 79 -2003 / 3, p. 43-5

* "Hommage à Eugène Claudius-Petit, fondateur du corps des architectes-conseils de l'État", Thotm, 2007, 36 p
link

Biography at the National Assembly

References

* 3ème séance du jeudi 28 novembre 1974 rchive* Nom des rues de Saint-Etienne rchive* http://www.parcoursinventaire.rhonealpes.fr/stationski/-La-Goupille-le-grenier-d-Eugene-.html rchiveDescription de « La Goupille », {{DEFAULTSORT:Claudius-Petit, Eugene 1907 births 1989 deaths People from Angers French Roman Catholics Young Republic League politicians Democratic and Socialist Union of the Resistance politicians Democratic Centre (France) politicians Centre Democracy and Progress politicians Ministers of labour and social affairs of France Members of the Provisional Consultative Assembly Members of the Constituent Assembly of France (1945) Members of the Constituent Assembly of France (1946) Deputies of the 1st National Assembly of the French Fourth Republic Deputies of the 2nd National Assembly of the French Fourth Republic Deputies of the 3rd National Assembly of the French Fourth Republic Deputies of the 1st National Assembly of the French Fifth Republic Deputies of the 3rd National Assembly of the French Fifth Republic Deputies of the 4th National Assembly of the French Fifth Republic Deputies of the 5th National Assembly of the French Fifth Republic Members of Parliament for Loire Members of Parliament for Paris Mayors of places in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes French Resistance members Companions of the Liberation Recipients of the Croix de Guerre 1939–1945 (France) Recipients of the Resistance Medal Recipients of the Legion of Honour