Marie-Eugène-Melchior,

vicomte A viscount ( , for male) or viscountess (, for female) is a title used in certain European countries for a noble of varying status. The status and any domain held by a viscount is a viscounty. In the case of French viscounts, the title is s ...

de Vogüé (25 February 1848 – 29 March 1910) was a French diplomat, Orientalist, travel writer,

archaeologist Archaeology or archeology is the study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture. The archaeological record consists of Artifact (archaeology), artifacts, architecture, biofact (archaeology), biofacts or ecofacts, ...

, philanthropist and literary critic.

Biography

Born in

Nice Nice ( ; ) is a city in and the prefecture of the Alpes-Maritimes department in France. The Nice agglomeration extends far beyond the administrative city limits, with a population of nearly one million Franco-Prussian War The Franco-Prussian War or Franco-German War, often referred to in France as the War of 1870, was a conflict between the Second French Empire and the North German Confederation led by the Kingdom of Prussia. Lasting from 19 July 1870 to 28 Janua ...

, and at the conclusion of the war entered the diplomatic service of the Third Republic, being appointed successively

attaché In diplomacy, an attaché () is a person who is assigned ("to be attached") to the diplomatic or administrative staff of a higher placed person or another service or agency. Although a loanword from French, in English the word is not modified ac ...

to the

legation A legation was a diplomatic representative office of lower rank than an embassy. Where an embassy was headed by an ambassador, a legation was headed by a minister. Ambassadors outranked ministers and had precedence at official events. Legation ...

s in the

Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire (), also called the Turkish Empire, was an empire, imperial realm that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Centr ...

and

Egypt Egypt ( , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a country spanning the Northeast Africa, northeast corner of Africa and Western Asia, southwest corner of Asia via the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to northe ...

, then secretary to the embassy in

Saint Petersburg Saint Petersburg, formerly known as Petrograd and later Leningrad, is the List of cities and towns in Russia by population, second-largest city in Russia after Moscow. It is situated on the Neva, River Neva, at the head of the Gulf of Finland ...

. He resigned in 1882, and from 1893 to 1898 served as representative of

Ardèche Ardèche (; , ; ) is a Departments of France, department in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Southeastern France. It is named after the river Ardèche (river), Ardèche and had a population of 328,278 as of 2019.French National Assembly The National Assembly (, ) is the lower house of the Bicameralism, bicameral French Parliament under the French Fifth Republic, Fifth Republic, the upper house being the Senate (France), Senate (). The National Assembly's legislators are known ...

. His connection with the '' Revue des deux mondes'' began in 1873 with his ''Voyage en Syrie et en Palestine'', and subsequently he was a frequent contributor. He did much to awaken French interest in the intellectual life of other countries, especially of

Russia Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia. It is the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, and extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones, sharing Borders ...

, his sympathy with which was strengthened by his marriage in 1878 with a Russian lady, the sister of

General Michael Nicolaivitch Annenkoff General Mikhail Nikolayevich Annenkov (formerly also transcribed Michael Nicolaivitch Annenkoff; ; 1835 in St. Petersburg – January 21, 1899 in St. Petersburg) was a Russian nobleman, author, military officer, and engineer. An important fi ...

; De Vogüé was practically the first to draw French attention to

Fyodor Dostoyevsky Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky. () was a Russian novelist, short story writer, essayist and journalist. He is regarded as one of the greatest novelists in both Russian literature, Russian and world literature, and many of his works are consider ...

. Many consider de Vogüé's essay to be the first major examination of the novelist's work. Eugène-Melchior was also a brother-in-law of Karl de Struve, Russian Ambassador to Japan, the United States, and the Netherlands. He became a member of the

Académie française An academy (Attic Greek: Ἀκαδήμεια; Koine Greek Ἀκαδημία) is an institution of tertiary education. The name traces back to Plato's school of philosophy, founded approximately 386 BC at Akademia, a sanctuary of Athena, the go ...

in 1888. His uncle,

Melchior de Vogüé Charles-Jean-Melchior, Marquis de Vogüé (18 October 182910 November 1916) was a French archaeologist, diplomat, and member of the Académie française in seat 18. Biography Born in Paris as the eldest son of Léonce de Vogüé, Melchior de V ...

, also served in the academy concurrently for a few years. In 1897, he wrote a short series of books concerning the

War of the Spanish Succession The War of the Spanish Succession was a European great power conflict fought between 1701 and 1714. The immediate cause was the death of the childless Charles II of Spain in November 1700, which led to a struggle for control of the Spanish E ...

. Part of his personal correspondence detailing his expedition to Cyprus, has been published.

Works

* (1876). ''Syrie, Palestine, Mont Athos'
(1887 edition).
* (1877). ''Vangheli.'' * (1879). ''Boulacq et Saqquarah.'' * (1879). ''Chez les Pharaons.'' * (1879).
Histoires Orientales.
' * (1883). ''Les Portraits du Siècle.'' * (1884). ''Le Fils de Pierre le Grand.'' * (1884). ''Mazeppa''. * (1884). ''Un Changement de Règne.'' * (1885).
Histoires d’Hiver.
' * (1886). ''Le Roman Russe.'' * (1887). ''Souvenirs et Visions.'' * (1888). ''Le Portrait du Louvre.'' * (1889)
''Remarques sur l’Exposition du Centenaire.''
* (1890). ''Le Manteau de Joseph Olenine.'' * (1891)
''Spectacles Contemporains.''
* (1892)
''Regards Historiques et Littéraires.''
ref>Biré, Edmond (1890)
"Un Académicien d'Aujourd'hui: Le Vicomte Melchior de Vogué."
In: '' Histoire et Littérature.'' Lyon: Librairie Générale Catholique et Classique, pp. 341–357. * (1892). ''Heures d’Histoire.'' * (1893). ''Cœurs Russes.'' * (1893). ''Notes sur le Bas-Vivarais.'' * (1896).
Devant le Siècle.
' * (1897)
''Jean d’Agrève.''
* (1898).
Histoire et Poésie.
' * (1899). ''Les Morts qui Parlent (Scènes de la Vie Parlementaire).'' * (1900). ''Le Rappel des Ombres.'' * (1902). ''Pages d’Histoire''. * (1903). ''Le Maître de la Mer''. * (1904). ''Sous l’Horizon: Hommes et Choses d’Hier.'' * (1905).
Maxime Gorki.
' * (1910)
''Les Routes.''
Selected articles * (1862)
"Fouilles de Chypre et de Syrie. Extrait d'une lettre de M. Melchior de Vogùé à M. Renan,"
''Revue Archéologique'', Vol. 6. pp. 244-252. * (1875)
Journées de voyage en Syrie: les Îles, le Liban, Damas
''Revue des Deux Mondes'', Vol. 7, No. 2, 328-360. * (1894)
"Un Regard en Arrière — Les Terroristes Russes,"
''Revue des Deux Mondes'', Vol. 122. * (1894)
"Le Dernier Livre de Taine,"
''Revue des Deux Mondes'', Vol. 122. * (1894)
"À Propos d’un Débat Religieux,"
''Revue des Deux Mondes'', Vol. 123. * (1894)
"La Civilisation et les Grands Fleuves Historiques,"
''Revue des Deux Mondes'', Vol. 125. * (1895)
"Jean-Jacques Rousseau et le Cosmopolitisme Littéraire,"
''Revue des Deux Mondes'', Vol. 130. Posthumous * (1911)
''Sous les Lauriers; Éloges Académiques.''
* (1932). ''Journal du Vicomte Eugène-Melchior de Vogüé: Paris, Saint-Pétersbourg 1877-1883.'' Translated into English * (1889). "Social Life in Russia," ''The Harper's Monthly.'' * (1887)
''The Russian Novelists.''
** (1916)
''The Russian Novel.''
* (1890). "Through the Caucasus," ''The Harper's Monthly.'' * (1891). ''The Tsar and his People: or, Social Life in Russia.'' *
"Social Life in Russia,"
pp. 1–98. *
"Through the Caucasus,"
pp. 101–147. * (1892). "The Neo-Christian Movement in France," ''The Harper's Monthly.'' * (1895). ''Russian Portraits.'' * (1897). "Leo XIII," ''The Forum.'' * (1904). ''The Master of the Sea.''

References

External links

Works by Eugène-Melchior de Vogüé
at

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Academie Francaise Biography"Dostoyevsky and the Religion of Suffering"
from ''Le Roman Russe''. {{DEFAULTSORT:Vogue, Melchior De 1848 births 1910 deaths People from Nice People from the Kingdom of Sardinia Eugène-Melchior Melchior de Vogue Melchior de Vogue Viscounts of France Annenkov family Members of the 6th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic Members of Parliament for Ardèche Members of the Ligue de la patrie française French archaeologists 19th-century French diplomats 19th-century French journalists French literary critics French philanthropists French travel writers French male essayists French male novelists Writers from Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur French orientalists Fyodor Dostoyevsky scholars Members of the Académie Française Corresponding members of the Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences French military personnel of the Franco-Prussian War Burials at Père Lachaise Cemetery

Biography

Works

References

Further reading

External links