Esmeralda–Yaruro or Takame–Jarúroan, is a proposed connection between two unclassified languages of

Venezuela Venezuela, officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and many Federal Dependencies of Venezuela, islands and islets in the Caribbean Sea. It com ...

and

Ecuador Ecuador, officially the Republic of Ecuador, is a country in northwestern South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and the Pacific Ocean on the west. It also includes the Galápagos Province which contain ...

: Yaruro (Llaruro, Pumé, Yuapín), 6000 speakers, and the extinct Esmeralda (Esmeraldeño, Takame). They would be only distantly related, but Kaufman (1990) finds the connection convincing, and Campbell (2012) believes the connection is promising.

Vocabulary

Below is a comparison of selected basic vocabulary items in Esmeralda and Yaruro. :

References

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Esmeralda-Yaruroan languages Indigenous languages of South America Languages of Venezuela Proposed language families