Erich Šlomović ( sr-Latn, Erih Šlomović, also known as Erich Chlomovitch) (1915–1942) was a Yugoslav art collector. He was an assistant and protégé of

Ambroise Vollard Ambroise Vollard (; 3 July 1866 – 21 July 1939) was a French art dealer who is regarded as one of the most important dealers in French contemporary art at the beginning of the twentieth century. He is credited with being a major supporter an ...

Early life

Šlomović was born in

Đakovo Đakovo (; , , sr-Cyrl, Ђаково) is a town in the region of Slavonia, Croatia. Đakovo is the centre of the fertile and rich Đakovo region ( ). Etymology The etymology of the name is the (diákos) in Slavic form đak (pupil). The Hungar ...

(

Austro-Hungarian Empire Austria-Hungary, also referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the Dual Monarchy or the Habsburg Monarchy, was a multi-national constitutional monarchy in Central Europe between 1867 and 1918. A military and diplomatic alliance, it consist ...

) in 1915 to a

Jew Jews (, , ), or the Jewish people, are an ethnoreligious group and nation, originating from the Israelites of ancient Israel and Judah. They also traditionally adhere to Judaism. Jewish ethnicity, religion, and community are highly inte ...

ish family of Bernard and Roza Šlomović. He had a brother, Egon. Ha-Kol (Glasilo Židovske zajednice u Hrvatskoj); Vesna Domany Hardy; ''O zbirci Ericha Šlomovića''; stranica 43, 44, 45, 46; broj 103, siječanj / veljača 2008.

Career

In the 1930s, Šlomović moved to Paris, where he was befriended by legendary art collector

. Through Vollard, Šlomović met the greatest artists of the age, including Picasso, Matisse, Cocteau, Rouault among others, and was able to amass an impressive personal collection of some 600 works. Vollard died in a car accident in July 1939. Shortly after that, with France on the brink of Nazi invasion, Šlomović decided to return to Yugoslavia, where the war had not yet spread. He left about 200 artworks in a vault in the Société Générale in Paris, and the rest he had shipped via diplomatic pouch to Belgrade. These were exhibited at a highly acclaimed exhibition in Zagreb in 1940.

World War II

During

World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...

, with the

Independent State of Croatia The Independent State of Croatia (, NDH) was a World War II–era puppet state of Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy (1922–1943), Fascist Italy. It was established in parts of Axis occupation of Yugoslavia, occupied Yugoslavia on 10 April 1941, ...

establishment in 1941, Šlomović and his family moved to the village of Bačina in

Serbia , image_flag = Flag of Serbia.svg , national_motto = , image_coat = Coat of arms of Serbia.svg , national_anthem = () , image_map = , map_caption = Location of Serbia (gree ...

in an attempt to save themselves. While in Bačina, Šlomović hid the paintings he brought with him in a double wall. Slomovic was killed by Nazis at the age of 27. Bernard, Erich and Egon were taken to detention camp in

Ćuprija Ćuprija (Serbian Cyrillic: Ћуприја, ) is a town and municipality located in the Pomoravlje District of central Serbia. The population of the town is 16,522, while the municipality has 25,325 inhabitants (2022 census). History The Romans ...

and were all killed. Erich's mother Roza and a female distant in-law Mara, born a Serbian Orthodox and converted to Judaism when she married Roza Šlomović's nephew Fridrih Hercler, were not touched and neither was his collection. Roza died in a train accident, together with Mara's children, while transporting the collection to

Belgrade Belgrade is the Capital city, capital and List of cities in Serbia, largest city of Serbia. It is located at the confluence of the Sava and Danube rivers and at the crossroads of the Pannonian Basin, Pannonian Plain and the Balkan Peninsula. T ...

which had been liberated by the

Red Army The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, often shortened to the Red Army, was the army and air force of the Russian Soviet Republic and, from 1922, the Soviet Union. The army was established in January 1918 by a decree of the Council of People ...

and the Josip Broz's partisan units. The accident happened on 31st Dec 1944 in

Velika Plana Velika Plana ( sr-Cyrl, Велика Плана, pronounced ) is a town and municipality located in the Podunavlje District of Serbia. As of 2022, the town has 14,609 inhabitants, while the municipality has 35,451. Velika Plana lies on the left b ...

, Serbia. Mara survived the

Holocaust The Holocaust (), known in Hebrew language, Hebrew as the (), was the genocide of History of the Jews in Europe, European Jews during World War II. From 1941 to 1945, Nazi Germany and Collaboration with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy ...

hidden by the local population. (7) Mara then went on to remarry with a person who had also lost his wife and children during WWII and became the mother of

David Albahari David Albahari (, ; 15 March 1948 – 30 July 2023) was a Serbian writer. Albahari wrote mainly novels and short stories in the Serbian language. He was also an established translator from English into Serbian language, Serbian. He was a member of ...

and his sister.

Legacy

After his death, the collection ended up in the

National Museum of Serbia The National Museum of Serbia () is the largest and oldest museum in Belgrade, Serbia. It is located in the central zone of Belgrade on a square plot between the Republic Square (Belgrade), Republic Square, formerly Theatre Square, and three stree ...

. In 1989

Veljko Bulajić Veljko Bulajić (22 March 1928 – 2 April 2024) was a Montenegrin film director and UNESCO Kalinga Prize recipient. Bulajić spent the majority of his life working in Croatia and is primarily known for directing World War II-themed movies from ...

directed '' Donator'', a movie dedicated to Šlomović's tragic life while in 2004

Momo Kapor Momčilo "Momo" Kapor ( sr-cyr, Момчило Момо Капор; 8 April 1937 – 3 March 2010) was a Serbian novelist and painter. He authored several screenplays, over forty novels, short stories, travel and autobiographic books and essays. ...

wrote a book about his life. The paintings in the Société Generale bank were discovered in 1979 when the bank was allowed to open the vault to recover unpaid storage fees. There is a legal dispute over the ownership of those paintings.

Restitution claims and court decisions

Vollard's and Slomovic's heirs had competing claims on several artworks. An agreement was reached, paving the way for a sale at Sothebys. Many uncertainties and competing versions of the history remain.

References

External links

Volsebna Kolekcija Eriha Slomovica, elmundosefarad web site
{{DEFAULTSORT:Slomovic, Erich 1915 births 1942 deaths People from Đakovo Yugoslav Jews Jews from Austria-Hungary Jewish art collectors Croatian Jews Yugoslav art collectors Yugoslav civilians killed in World War II Croatian Jews who died in the Holocaust