The Chorão Epidemic killed over a thousand women, men and children in Chorão, an island along the Mandovi River near Ilhas,

Goa Goa (; ; ) is a state on the southwestern coast of India within the Konkan region, geographically separated from the Deccan highlands by the Western Ghats. It is bound by the Indian states of Maharashtra to the north, and Karnataka to the ...

, India. It also caused thousands to flee the island, and led to the closure of Real Colégio de Educação de Chorão in 1859. The Epidemic and its after-effects left the island deserted for almost 100 years.

History

In the Second half of 18th century the population of Chorão reached its peak 22000; 14,000 of these residents at

St Bartholomew's Church (Chorão Island) St Bartholomew's Church is a Roman Catholic church in Chorão (island), Chorão, Goa, India. The Parish of St. Bartholomeu is made up of the villages of Caraim and the Passo de Ambarim. Its boundaries are the Mapusa River, river of Mapusa to its ...

and the remaining 8000 in the parish of

Our Lady of Grace Church (Chorão Island) Our Lady of Grace Church is a Roman Catholic church in Chorão (island), Chorão, Goa, India. It is bounded on its north and west by the Mapusa River, with Salvador do Mundo remaining exactly opposite to it. To the south is the Mandovi River, ...

. The Epidemic started in year 1766 but it is believed that its consequences were very alamaring in 1775. The fever that ravaged the Island of Chorão was of such a virulent type that within a year it caused its decadence. The epidemic first started in the Parish of

in June 1775, rapidly spreading throughout the Island, especially in the village of Querem, a large populated area and destroyed its population completely. In the

, within a period of less than six months the population came down from 8000 souls to 1700. Entire families disappeared, others left the Island and proceed wherever they could get a place but a few not wishing to leave the land of their ancestors, remained in the Parish of

. In 1808 the Communidade of Chorão was granted permission by Portuguese Government to construct new houses to attract outsiders invited to take up their residence in the Island. Years later, between 1809 and 1812 the same Communidade attempted to enter the names of the newcomers in the book of Joneiros as Componentes, but to no avail due to the fact that then number of the new inhabitants went down considerably again caused by the fever that was then raging. According to French traveller Denis Louis Cottineau de Kloguen who visited the Island " Chorão Island was formerly pretty populous, but is now almost deserted, being deemed very unhealthy: the whole number of individuals on the Island is about one hundred and fifty". According to José Nicolau Da Fonseca " Chorão Island once had many villas owned by Portuguese grandees but the island is now almost deserted, on account of its insalubrity. After a lapse of many years the fever re-appeared in Chorão Island in 1878, increasing the toll of human life and causing a lot of damage. Several rich families also left the Island. When the whole world was in the grip of

1918 flu pandemic The 1918–1920 flu pandemic, also known as the Great Influenza epidemic or by the common misnomer Spanish flu, was an exceptionally deadly global influenza pandemic caused by the Influenza A virus subtype H1N1, H1N1 subtype of the influenz ...

, the island of

Chorão Alexandre Magno Abrão (April 9, 1970 – March 6, 2013), known professionally as Chorão, was a Brazilian singer-songwriter, skateboarder, filmmaker, screenwriter and businessman. Best known for being a founding member and the vocalist/main ly ...

claimed the list number of victims as compared to the other villages of Goa according to Vicar Fr. Cota.

Causes

According to Teresa Alburquerque " Chorão Island was raged by a violent epidemic of Influenza. But the Epidemic was attributed to many causes: among them was the absence of free ventilation of air which was stifled and vitiated by dense willows on one side and on the other by hill that obstructed the houses; warm and heavy air caused by rocks and scarcity of good drinking water during hot season, which obliged the people to have re-course to well water, at a time when most of the wells were contaminated due to various causes.The Island of Chorão (A Historical Sketch) 1962 By Francisco Xavier Gomes Catão page 7

Diaspora

Emigration had become one of the important factors in the development of its riches and there are now many illustrious person, natives of Chorão Island, living outside Goa who are filling high positions and have brought honour to the land of their father, thereby maintaining the traditions of the Chorão Island.

References

Bibliography

*The Island of Chorão (A Historical Sketch) By Francisco Xavier Gomes Catão, Mar Louis Memorial Press, Alwaye (1962) *An Historical Sketch of Goa, the Metropolis of the Portuguese Settlement in India By Denis Louis Cottineau de Kloguen, Publisher Madras : W. Twigg, (1831) *An Historical and Archaeological Sketch of the City of Goa By José Nicolau Da Fonseca (1878)

Notes

{{DEFAULTSORT:Epidemics in Chorão Island Chorão (island) 18th-century health disasters 19th-century health disasters History of Goa 18th-century disasters in India 1775 disasters 1878 disasters 1870s disasters in Asia