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English is a town in and the
county seat A county seat is an administrative center, seat of government, or capital city of a county or parish (administrative division), civil parish. The term is in use in five countries: Canada, China, Hungary, Romania, and the United States. An equiva ...
of Crawford County, Indiana, United States. The population was 645 at the 2010 census, making it one of Indiana's smallest county seats. The settlement was named Hartford (1839-1884) prior to its incorporation.


History

English was called Hartford when it was laid out in 1839. When the town incorporated in 1884 it was renamed English for William Hayden English, an Indiana politician of the day. On December 28, 1893, the county seat of Crawford County was relocated from Leavenworth to English. The first community was located at the confluence of two small rivers (Bird Dog Creek and Brownville Creek) with Blue River. It was a thriving community during the first half of the 20th century, with population rising to above 800 by 1950, but economic activity slowed thereafter (partly due to recurring flooding), and commercial establishments closed. Most residents now live on the higher ground surrounding the original settlement. A large swath of the previous inhabited level area has been converted into the Lucas Oil Golf Course. From 1959 to 1990, English suffered six floods. The town council decided that the only solution to the flooding problem was to move the town. of high ground were purchased, a partnership was formed with Lincoln Hills Development Corporation, and a major portion of the town was relocated.


Geography

According to the 2010 United States Census, English has a total area of , all land.


Climate

The climate in this area is characterized by highly variable fluctuations in weather with hot, humid summers and frigidly cold, generally wet winters. According to the
Köppen Climate Classification The Köppen climate classification divides Earth climates into five main climate groups, with each group being divided based on patterns of seasonal precipitation and temperature. The five main groups are ''A'' (tropical), ''B'' (arid), ''C'' (te ...
system, English previously had a
humid continental climate A humid continental climate is a climatic region defined by Russo-German climatologist Wladimir Köppen in 1900, typified by four distinct seasons and large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers, and cold ...
, but as of the 2016 update it now has a
humid subtropical climate A humid subtropical climate is a subtropical -temperate climate type, characterized by long and hot summers, and cool to mild winters. These climates normally lie on the southeast side of all continents (except Antarctica), generally between ...
due to
climate change Present-day climate change includes both global warming—the ongoing increase in Global surface temperature, global average temperature—and its wider effects on Earth's climate system. Climate variability and change, Climate change in ...
. As Southern Indiana is in a transitional zone between these two areas, localized climate does not firmly adhere to either classification.


Music

Music in the area has widely been known to be Country or Bluegrass with music festivals in that area supporting that genre of music. In 2024, an alternative band by the name 'Faith In Humanity' recorded their 2nd album 'The Dark Wave' making them the first band to have recorded a full studio album in that area despite living in a poverty stricken part of town due to multiple floods damaging that area over the years. With Country music being predominantly popular within the area, Punk and Synthwave are currently also playing a major factor in music in the area.


Demographics


2010 census

As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 645 people, 285 households, and 177 families in the town. The
population density Population density (in agriculture: Standing stock (disambiguation), standing stock or plant density) is a measurement of population per unit land area. It is mostly applied to humans, but sometimes to other living organisms too. It is a key geog ...
was . There were 335 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the town was 97.5%
White White is the lightest color and is achromatic (having no chroma). It is the color of objects such as snow, chalk, and milk, and is the opposite of black. White objects fully (or almost fully) reflect and scatter all the visible wa ...
, 0.3%
African American African Americans, also known as Black Americans and formerly also called Afro-Americans, are an Race and ethnicity in the United States, American racial and ethnic group that consists of Americans who have total or partial ancestry from an ...
, 0.6% Native American, 0.2% Asian, 0.3% from other races, and 1.1% from two or more races.
Hispanic The term Hispanic () are people, Spanish culture, cultures, or countries related to Spain, the Spanish language, or broadly. In some contexts, Hispanic and Latino Americans, especially within the United States, "Hispanic" is used as an Ethnici ...
or Latino of any race were 0.8% of the population. There were 285 households, of which 27.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.9% were
married couples Marriage, also called matrimony or wedlock, is a culturally and often legally recognised union between people called spouses. It establishes rights and obligations between them, as well as between them and their children (if any), and b ...
living together, 12.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.6% had a male householder with no wife present, and 37.9% were non-families. 32.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.26 and the average family size was 2.79. The median age in the town was 43.6 years. 20.9% of residents were under the age of 18; 10.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 20.3% were from 25 to 44; 28.4% were from 45 to 64; and 20% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 47.3% male and 52.7% female.


2000 census

As of the 2000 United States Census, there were 673 people, 294 households, and 171 families in the town. The
population density Population density (in agriculture: Standing stock (disambiguation), standing stock or plant density) is a measurement of population per unit land area. It is mostly applied to humans, but sometimes to other living organisms too. It is a key geog ...
was . There were 341 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the town was 98.66%
White White is the lightest color and is achromatic (having no chroma). It is the color of objects such as snow, chalk, and milk, and is the opposite of black. White objects fully (or almost fully) reflect and scatter all the visible wa ...
, 1.19% Native American, 0.15% from other races.
Hispanic The term Hispanic () are people, Spanish culture, cultures, or countries related to Spain, the Spanish language, or broadly. In some contexts, Hispanic and Latino Americans, especially within the United States, "Hispanic" is used as an Ethnici ...
or Latino of any race were 0.59% of the population. There were 294 households, out of which 28.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.9% were
married couples Marriage, also called matrimony or wedlock, is a culturally and often legally recognised union between people called spouses. It establishes rights and obligations between them, as well as between them and their children (if any), and b ...
living together, 13.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 41.8% were non-families. 38.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 20.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.24 and the average family size was 2.99. The town population contained 24.4% under the age of 18, 9.5% from 18 to 24, 26.6% from 25 to 44, 22.4% from 45 to 64, and 17.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 83.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 81.1 males. The median income for a household in the town was $20,870, and the median income for a family was $27,708. Males had a median income of $25,000 versus $18,971 for females. The
per capita income Per capita income (PCI) or average income measures the average income earned per person in a given area (city, region, country, etc.) in a specified year. In many countries, per capita income is determined using regular population surveys, such ...
for the town was $11,065. About 24.0% of families and 33.9% of the population were below the
poverty line The poverty threshold, poverty limit, poverty line, or breadline is the minimum level of income deemed adequate in a particular country. The poverty line is usually calculated by estimating the total cost of one year's worth of necessities for ...
, including 54.9% of those under age 18 and 25.2% of those age 65 or over.


Education

The Crawford County Public Library, one of two lending libraries in the county (the other i
Breeden Memorial Library
in Leavenworth), is located at English.


Notable people

*
John Franklin Bobbitt John Franklin Bobbitt (February 16, 1876 near English, Indiana – March 7, 1956 in Shelbyville, Indiana) was an American educationist, a university professor and a writer. A representative of the efficiency minded thinkers, he specialized ...
, American educator *
Lee Roberson Lavern "Lee" Edward Roberson (November 24, 1909 – April 29, 2007) was an American pastor and evangelist. He was the founder of Tennessee Temple University and Temple Baptist Seminary in Chattanooga, Tennessee, and Camp Joy, in Harrison, T ...
, preacher and founder of Tennessee Temple University * Jerry Sturm,
American football American football, referred to simply as football in the United States and Canada and also known as gridiron football, is a team sport played by two teams of eleven players on a rectangular American football field, field with goalposts at e ...
player. *
Frederick Terman Frederick Emmons Terman (; June 7, 1900 – December 19, 1982) was an American professor and academic administrator. He was the dean of the school of engineering from 1944 to 1958 and provost from 1955 to 1965 at Stanford University. He is widely ...
, American academician.


References


External links

{{authority control Towns in Crawford County, Indiana Towns in Indiana County seats in Indiana 1839 establishments in Indiana Populated places established in 1839