Employment (Equal Opportunities) Law is an Israeli law, whose first version was passed in 1988, that prohibits the

employer Employment is a relationship between two parties regulating the provision of paid labour services. Usually based on a contract, one party, the employer, which might be a corporation, a not-for-profit organization, a co-operative, or any ot ...

from discriminating between

job applicants Job hunting, job seeking, or job searching is the act of looking for employment, due to unemployment, underemployment, discontent with a current position, or a desire for a better position. The immediate goal of job seeking is usually to obtain ...

employee Employment is a relationship between two party (law), parties Regulation, regulating the provision of paid Labour (human activity), labour services. Usually based on a employment contract, contract, one party, the employer, which might be a cor ...

s. , after a series of amendments, the discrimination based on the following criteria is prohibited: *Sex *Sexual orientation *Marital status (single, married, divorced, or widowed) *Pregnancy *Fertility treatment *Parenting *Age *Race *Religion *Nationality *Country of origin *Residence *Political views *Party affiliation * Reservist duty Anything required by the character or substance of the position or job is not to be deemed discriminatory by the law, e.g., not accepting a Muslim person for the position of

Chief Rabbi Chief Rabbi () is a title given in several countries to the recognized religious leader of that country's Jewish community, or to a rabbinic leader appointed by the local secular authorities. Since 1911, through a capitulation by Ben-Zion Meir ...

. Prohibition of discrimination applies to hiring, working conditions, promotion, professional training or studies, discharge or

severance pay Severance may refer to: Arts and entertainment * ''Severance'' (film), a 2006 British horror film * ''Severance'' (novel), a 2018 novel by Ling Ma *''Severance'', a 2006 short-story collection by Robert Olen Butler * ''Severance'' (TV series), ...

and benefits and payments provided for employees in connection with their

retirement Retirement is the withdrawal from one's position or occupation or from one's active working life. A person may also semi-retire by reducing work hours or workload. Many people choose to retire when they are elderly or incapable of doing their j ...

from employment. The law was enacted in 1988, and replaced an earlier 1981 law. The law further provides that, under certain conditions, provisions in an enactment,

collective agreement A collective agreement, collective labour agreement (CLA) or collective bargaining agreement (CBA) is a written contract negotiated through collective bargaining for employees by one or more trade unions with the management of a company (or with a ...

employment contract An employment contract or contract of employment is a kind of contract used in labour law to attribute rights and responsibilities between parties to a bargain. The contract is between an "employee" and an "employer". It has arisen out of the old m ...

made in connection with maternity are not to be considered discriminatory. It also provides that any rights given to working mothers are to be given equally to working fathers, under certain conditions. Protection from

sexual harassment Sexual harassment is a type of harassment based on the sex or gender of a victim. It can involve offensive sexist or sexual behavior, verbal or physical actions, up to bribery, coercion, and assault. Harassment may be explicit or implicit, wit ...

is addressed in section 7, which states that an employer shall not "act against" an employee who rejects, or opposes, any act of a sexual nature committed by the employer or by the supervisor of the employee. Violation of the law constitutes both a

civil Civil may refer to: *Civility, orderly behavior and politeness *Civic virtue, the cultivation of habits important for the success of a society *Civil (journalism) ''The Colorado Sun'' is an online news outlet based in Denver, Colorado. It lau ...

and

criminal offence In ordinary language, a crime is an unlawful act punishable by a state or other authority. The term ''crime'' does not, in modern criminal law, have any simple and universally accepted definition,Farmer, Lindsay: "Crime, definitions of", in Ca ...

, and courts may grant compensation even when no material damage was caused. In addition, civil proceedings can be initiated by an employee, an employee organization or

civil rights Civil and political rights are a class of rights that protect individuals' political freedom, freedom from infringement by governments, social organizations, and private individuals. They ensure one's entitlement to participate in the civil and ...

group,Employment (Equal Opportunities) Law, section 12 with special protection granted to the worker filing the complaint. The Israeli Ministry of Economy (formerly known as the Industry, Trade and Labor Ministry) is responsible for promoting the law.

References

External links

Employment (Equal Opportunities) Law
in Ministry of Economy (English)

law in Ministry of Economy (Hebrew)

of the Israeli Ministry of Economy (formerly known as the Industry, Trade and Labor Ministry)

{{Webarchive, url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140519004908/http://www.moital.gov.il/CmsTamat/Rsrc/Shivyon/Shivyon.html , date=2014-05-19

Employment Employment is a relationship between two party (law), parties Regulation, regulating the provision of paid Labour (human activity), labour services. Usually based on a employment contract, contract, one party, the employer, which might be a cor ...

Anti-discrimination law in Israel Human rights in Israel Israeli labour law Israeli laws 1988 in law 1988 in Israel 1988 in labor relations Equal employment opportunity

See also

References

External links