was the 4th of the Emperors of Northern Court during the Period of the Northern and Southern Courts. According to pre-Meiji scholars, his reign spanned the years from 1352 through 1371.Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). ''Annales des empereurs du japon'', pp. 302–309. This Nanboku-chō "sovereign" was named after his father Emperor Kōgon and ''go-'' (後), translates literally as "later;" and thus, he may be called the "Later Emperor Kōgon", or, in some older sources, may be identified as "Emperor Kōgon, the second", or as "Emperor Kōgon II."

Genealogy

His personal name was Iyahito (彌仁). He was the second son of the Northern Pretender Emperor Kōgon, and brother of his predecessor, Emperor Sukō. His mother was Hideko (秀子), Sanjō Kinhide's daughter *Lady-in-waiting: Hirohashi (Fujiwara) Nakako (廣橋（藤原）仲子; 1336/9-1427) later Sukenmon’in (崇賢門院), Hirohashi Kanetsuna's daughter **Second son: Imperial Prince Ohito (緒仁親王) later

Emperor Go-En'yū (11 January 1359 – 6 June 1393) was the 5th of the Northern Court (Japan), Emperors of Northern Court during the period of two courts in Japan. According to pre-Meiji scholars, his reign spanned the years from 1371 through 1382. This Nanboku- ...

**Fifth son: Imperial Prince Priest Eijo (1362–1437; 永助入道親王) **Sixth son: Imperial Prince Priest Gyōnin (堯仁法親王; 1363–1430） **Twelfth son: Imperial Prince Priest Gyōsho (堯性法親王; 1371–1388) *Consort: Uemon-no-Suke no Tsubone (右衛門佐局) **First son: Imperial Prince Priest Ryōnin (1355–1370; 亮仁入道親王) **Third son: Imperial Prince Priest Gyojo (行助法親王; 1360–1386） **son: (1361–1369) **Seventh son: Imperial Prince Priest Kakuzō (1363–1390; 覺増法親王) *Consort: Sakyōdaibu-no-Tsubone (左京大夫局), Hōin Chōkai's daughter **First daughter: Imperial Princess Haruko (d. 1390; 治子内親王) **Fourth son: Imperial Prince Priest Kakuei (覺叡法親王; 1361–1377) **Eighth son: Imperial Prince Priest Dōen (道圓入道親王; 1364–1385) **Eleventh son: Imperial Prince Priest Shōjo (聖助法親王; b.1371) *Consort:Shonagon-naishi (少納言内侍), Tachibana no Mochishige ‘s daughter **Tenth son: Imperial Prince Priest Myōshō (1367–1396; 明承法親王) *from unknown women **Ninth son: Imperial Prince Priest Kanshu (1366–1401; 寬守法親王) **Thirteenth son: Imperial Prince Priest Kankyō (1373–1405; 寬教入道親王) **Second daughter: Imperial Princess Kenshi (見子內親王) **Fourteenth son: ? **Daughter: Princess Shūnin (秀仁女王)

Events of Go-Kōgon's life

In his own lifetime, Go-Kōgon and those around him believed that he occupied the

Chrysanthemum Throne The is the throne of the Emperor of Japan. The term also can refer to very specific seating, such as the throne in the Shishin-den at Kyoto Imperial Palace. Various other thrones or seats that are used by the Emperor during official functions ...

from 25 September 1352 to 9 April 1371. In 1351,

Ashikaga Takauji also known as Minamoto no Takauji was the founder and first ''shōgun'' of the Ashikaga shogunate."Ashikaga Takauji" in ''Encyclopædia Britannica, The New Encyclopædia Britannica''. Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., 15th edn., 1992, Vol. ...

briefly returned to the allegiance of the Southern Dynasty, causing the Southern Court to briefly consolidate control of the Imperial Line. However, this peace fell apart in April 1352. On this occasion, the Southern Court abducted Retired (Northern) Emperors Emperor Kōgon and Emperor Kōmyō as well as Emperor Sukō and the Crown Prince Tadahito from

Kyoto Kyoto ( or ; Japanese language, Japanese: , ''Kyōto'' ), officially , is the capital city of Kyoto Prefecture in the Kansai region of Japan's largest and most populous island of Honshu. , the city had a population of 1.46 million, making it t ...

to Anau, the location of the Southern Court. This produced a state of affairs in which there was no

Emperor The word ''emperor'' (from , via ) can mean the male ruler of an empire. ''Empress'', the female equivalent, may indicate an emperor's wife (empress consort), mother/grandmother (empress dowager/grand empress dowager), or a woman who rules ...

in Kyoto. Because of this, Imperial Prince Iyahito became emperor in 1352 with the support of

Ashikaga Yoshiakira was the second ''shōgun'' of the Ashikaga shogunate who reigned from 1358 to 1367 during the Muromachi period of Japan. Yoshiakira was the son of the founder and first ''shōgun'' of the Muromachi shogunate, Ashikaga Takauji. His mother was Ak ...

. During this period, the Era of the Northern and Southern Courts, because of the antagonism between the two competing dynasties, public order in Kyoto was disturbed. The Southern Court repeatedly recaptured Kyoto. Emperor Go-Kōgon was forced to repeatedly flee from Kyoto to

Ōmi Province was a Provinces of Japan, province of Japan, which today comprises Shiga Prefecture. It was one of the provinces that made up the Tōsandō Circuit (subnational entity), circuit. Its nickname is . Under the ''Engishiki'' classification system, ...

and other places. Around the time that

Ashikaga Yoshimitsu was the third '' shōgun'' of the Ashikaga shogunate, ruling from 1368 to 1394 during the Muromachi period of Japan. Yoshimitsu was Ashikaga Yoshiakira's third son but the oldest son to survive, his childhood name being Haruō (). Yoshimitsu ...

was named ''

shōgun , officially , was the title of the military rulers of Japan during most of the period spanning from 1185 to 1868. Nominally appointed by the Emperor, shoguns were usually the de facto rulers of the country, except during parts of the Kamak ...

'' (1368), the Southern Courts power weakened, and order was restored to Kyoto. Also around this time, the Emperor's authority began to show its weakness. On 9 April 1371, he abdicated in favor of his son, who became

. He continued to rule as Cloistered Emperor until he died of illness on 12 March 1374. He is enshrined with other emperors at the imperial tomb called ''Fukakusa no kita no misasagi'' (深草北陵) in

Fushimi-ku, Kyoto is one of the eleven wards in the city of Kyoto, in Kyoto Prefecture, Japan. Famous places in Fushimi include the Fushimi Inari Shrine, with thousands of torii lining the paths up and down a mountain; Fushimi Castle, originally built by Toyoto ...

Eras of Go-Kōgon's reign

The years of Go-Kōgon's reign are more specifically identified by more than one

era name A regnal year is a year of the reign of a sovereign, from the Latin meaning kingdom, rule. Regnal years considered the date as an ordinal, not a cardinal number. For example, a monarch could have a first year of rule, a second year of rule, a t ...

or ''

nengō The or , is the first of the two elements that identify years in the Japanese era calendar scheme. The second element is a number which indicates the year number within the era (with the first year being "", meaning "origin, basis"), followed b ...

''. :''Nanboku-chō'' Southern court *Eras as reckoned by legitimate Court (as determined by Meiji rescript) * ''

Shōhei was a Japanese era (年號, ''nengō'', lit. year name) of the Southern Court during the Era of Northern and Southern Courts after Kōkoku and before Kentoku. This period spanned the years from December 1346 to July 1370. The Southern Cou ...

'' (1346–1370) * '' Kentoku'' (1370–1372) :''Nanboku-chō'' Northern court *Eras as reckoned by pretender Court (as determined by Meiji rescript) * '' Kannō'' (1350–1352) * '' Bunna'' (1352–1356) * '' Embun'' (1356–1361) * ''

Kōan A ( ; ; zh, c=公案, p=gōng'àn ; ; ) is a narrative, story, dialogue, question, or statement from Chan Buddhism, Chinese Chan Buddhist lore, supplemented with commentaries, that is used in Zen Buddhism, Buddhist practice in different way ...

'' (1361–1362) * ''

Jōji was a Japanese era name (年号, ''nengō'', lit. year name) of the Northern Court during the Era of Northern and Southern Courts after ''Kōan'' and before ''Ōan''. This period spanned the years from September 1362 through February 1368. T ...

'' (1362–1368) * ''

Ōan , also romanized as Ō-an, was a Japanese era name (年号, ''nengō'', lit. year name) of the Northern Court during the Era of Northern and Southern Courts after '' Jōji'' and before '' Eiwa.'' This period spanned the years from February 1368 ...

'' (1368–1375)

Southern Court rivals

Emperor Go-Murakami (1328 – March 29, 1368) was the 97th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession, and a member of the Southern Court during the Nanboku-chō period of rival courts. He reigned from September 18, 1339, until March 29, 13 ...

Emperor Chōkei was the 98th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. He reigned from 1368 through 1383. His personal name was Yutanari (寛成) and his regal name roughly translates to "Long Celebration". Genealogy His father was ...

Notes

References

* Ponsonby-Fane, Richard Arthur Brabazon. (1959)
''The Imperial House of Japan.''
Kyoto: Ponsonby Memorial Society. * Titsingh, Isaac, ed. (1834). iyun-sai Rin-siyo/Hayashi Gahō, 1652">Hayashi_Gahō.html" ;"title="iyun-sai Rin-siyo/ iyun-sai Rin-siyo/Hayashi Gahō, 1652 ''Nipon o daï itsi ran">Hayashi Gahō">iyun-sai Rin-siyo/Hayashi Gahō, 1652">Hayashi_Gahō.html" ;"title="iyun-sai Rin-siyo/Hayashi Gahō">iyun-sai Rin-siyo/Hayashi Gahō, 1652 ''Nipon o daï itsi ran''; ou
''Annales des empereurs du Japon.''
Paris: Royal Asiatic Society">Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. {{DEFAULTSORT:Go-Kogon, Emperor Emperors of Japan Go-Kogon of Japan Go-Kogon of Japan Emperor Go-Kogon Emperor Go-Kogon Emperor Go-Kogon Emperor Go-Kogon 14th-century Japanese monarchs Japanese emperors who abdicated Sons of Japanese emperors

Genealogy

Events of Go-Kōgon's life

Eras of Go-Kōgon's reign

Southern Court rivals

See also

Notes

References