(11 January 1359 – 6 June 1393) was the 5th of the
Emperors of Northern Court during the period of two courts in Japan. According to pre-Meiji scholars, his reign spanned the years from 1371 through 1382.
This
Nanboku-chō "sovereign" was named after the 10th century
Emperor En'yū and ''go-'' (後), translates literally as "later;" and thus, he may be called the "Later Emperor En'yū", or, in some older sources, may be identified as "Emperor En'yū, the second", or as "Emperor En'yū II."
Genealogy
His personal name was Ohito (緒仁).
He was the second son of the fourth Northern Pretender
Emperor Go-Kōgon. His mother was Fujiwara no Nakako (藤原仲子), Hirohashi Kanetsuna's daughter.
*Consort: Sanjō Itsuko (三条 厳子) (also known as Fujiwara no Izuko
). Sanjō Kintada's daughter.
**First son: Imperial Prince Motohito (幹仁親王) later
Emperor Go-Komatsu
**First daughter: Imperial Princess Keiko (1381–1399; 珪子内親王)
*Lady-in-waiting Fujiwara no Imako (藤原今子), Shijō Takasato's daughter
**Second son: Imperial Prince Priest Dōchō (1378–1446; 道朝法親王)
*Naishi: Ogimachi Sanjo Sanetoshi's daughter
*Naishi: Azechi-no-tsubone, Tachibana Tomoshige's daughter
*unknown
** daughter: (d.1391)
** daughter: ???
** son: ???
Events of Go-En'yū's life
In his own lifetime, Go-En'yū and those around him believed that he occupied the
Chrysanthemum Throne
The is the throne of the Emperor of Japan. The term also can refer to very specific seating, such as the throne in the Shishin-den at Kyoto Imperial Palace.
Various other thrones or seats that are used by the Emperor during official functions ...
from 9 April 1371 to 24 May 1382.
In 1371, by Imperial Proclamation, he received the rank of ''shinnō'' (親王), or Imperial Prince (and potential heir). Immediately afterwards, he became emperor upon the abdication of his father,
Emperor Go-Kōgon. There was said to be a disagreement between Go-Kōgon and the retired Northern Emperor
Emperor Sukō over the Crown Prince. With the support of Hosokawa Yoriyuki, who controlled the
Bakufu
, officially , was the title of the military rulers of Japan during most of the period spanning from 1185 to 1868. Nominally appointed by the Emperor, shoguns were usually the de facto rulers of the country, except during parts of the Kamak ...
, Go-Kōgon's son became the Northern Emperor.
Until 1374, Go-Kōgon ruled as
cloistered emperor. In 1368,
Ashikaga Yoshimitsu
was the third '' shōgun'' of the Ashikaga shogunate, ruling from 1368 to 1394 during the Muromachi period of Japan. Yoshimitsu was Ashikaga Yoshiakira's third son but the oldest son to survive, his childhood name being Haruō (). Yoshimitsu ...
was named ''
shōgun
, officially , was the title of the military rulers of Japan during most of the period spanning from 1185 to 1868. Nominally appointed by the Emperor, shoguns were usually the de facto rulers of the country, except during parts of the Kamak ...
'', and with his guardianship, the Imperial Court was stabilized. In 1382, upon abdicating to
Emperor Go-Komatsu, his
cloistered rule
was a form of government in Japan during the Heian period. In this bifurcated system, an emperor abdicated, but retained power and influence. Those retired emperors who withdrew to live in monasteries (''in'') continued to act in ways intended to ...
began. Having no actual power, he rebelled, attempting suicide and accusing
Ashikaga Yoshimitsu
was the third '' shōgun'' of the Ashikaga shogunate, ruling from 1368 to 1394 during the Muromachi period of Japan. Yoshimitsu was Ashikaga Yoshiakira's third son but the oldest son to survive, his childhood name being Haruō (). Yoshimitsu ...
and his consort Itsuko of adultery.
In 1392, peace with the Southern Court being concluded, the
Period of the Northern and Southern Courts came to an end. On 6 June 1393, Go-En'yū died. He is enshrined with other emperors at the imperial tomb called ''Fukakusa no kita no misasagi'' (深草北陵) in
Fushimi-ku, Kyoto
is one of the eleven wards in the city of Kyoto, in Kyoto Prefecture, Japan. Famous places in Fushimi include the Fushimi Inari Shrine, with thousands of torii lining the paths up and down a mountain; Fushimi Castle, originally built by Toyoto ...
.
Eras of Go-En'yū's reign
The years of Go-En'yū's ''Nanboku-chō'' reign are more specifically identified by more than one
era name
A regnal year is a year of the reign of a sovereign, from the Latin meaning kingdom, rule. Regnal years considered the date as an ordinal, not a cardinal number. For example, a monarch could have a first year of rule, a second year of rule, a t ...
or ''
nengō
The or , is the first of the two elements that identify years in the Japanese era calendar scheme. The second element is a number which indicates the year number within the era (with the first year being "", meaning "origin, basis"), followed b ...
''.
:''Nanboku-chō'' Southern court
*Eras as reckoned by legitimate Court (as determined by Meiji rescript)
** ''
Kentoku'' (1370–1372)
** ''
Benchū'' (1372–1375)
** ''
Tenju'' (1375–1381)
** ''
Kōwa'' (1381–1384)
:''Nanboku-chō'' Northern court
*Eras as reckoned by pretender Court (as determined by Meiji rescript)
** ''
Ōan
, also romanized as Ō-an, was a Japanese era name (年号, ''nengō'', lit. year name) of the Northern Court during the Era of Northern and Southern Courts after '' Jōji'' and before '' Eiwa.'' This period spanned the years from February 1368 ...
'' (1368–1375)
** ''
Eiwa'' (1375–1379)
** ''
Kōryaku'' (1379–1381)
** ''
Eitoku'' (1381–1384)
Southern Court rivals
*
Emperor Chōkei
was the 98th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. He reigned from 1368 through 1383. His personal name was Yutanari (寛成) and his regal name roughly translates to "Long Celebration".
Genealogy
His father was ...
See also
*
Emperor of Japan
The emperor of Japan is the hereditary monarch and head of state of Japan. The emperor is defined by the Constitution of Japan as the symbol of the Japanese state and the unity of the Japanese people, his position deriving from "the will of ...
*
List of Emperors of Japan
*
Imperial cult
An imperial cult is a form of state religion in which an emperor or a dynasty of emperors (or rulers of another title) are worshipped as demigods or deities. "Cult (religious practice), Cult" here is used to mean "worship", not in the modern pejor ...
Notes
References
*
Ponsonby-Fane, Richard Arthur Brabazon. (1959)
''The Imperial House of Japan.''Kyoto: Ponsonby Memorial Society.
*
Titsingh, Isaac, ed. (1834).
iyun-sai Rin-siyo/Hayashi Gahō, 1652">Hayashi_Gahō.html" ;"title="iyun-sai Rin-siyo/
iyun-sai Rin-siyo/Hayashi Gahō, 1652 ''Nipon o daï itsi ran">Hayashi Gahō">iyun-sai Rin-siyo/Hayashi Gahō, 1652">Hayashi_Gahō.html" ;"title="iyun-sai Rin-siyo/Hayashi Gahō">iyun-sai Rin-siyo/Hayashi Gahō, 1652 ''Nipon o daï itsi ran''; ou
''Annales des empereurs du Japon.'' Paris: Royal Asiatic Society">Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Go-En'yu
Go-En'yu, Emperor of Japan
Go-En'yu, Emperor of Japan
Emperor Go-Enyu
Emperor Go-Enyu
Emperor Go-Enyu
14th-century Japanese monarchs
Japanese emperors who abdicated
Japanese rebels
Sons of Japanese emperors