Emmanuel Fauré-Fremiet
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Emmanuel Fauré-Fremiet,
ForMemRS Fellowship of the Royal Society (FRS, ForMemRS and HonFRS) is an award granted by the Fellows of the Royal Society of London to individuals who have made a "substantial contribution to the improvement of natural science, natural knowledge, incl ...
, (1883–1971) was a French biologist.


Early life

Fauré-Fremiet was born on 29 December 1883 to the composer
Gabriel Fauré Gabriel Urbain Fauré (12 May 1845 – 4 November 1924) was a French composer, organist, pianist and teacher. He was one of the foremost French composers of his generation, and his musical style influenced many 20th-century composers. ...
and Marie Fremiet, the daughter of the sculptor
Emmanuel Frémiet Emmanuel Frémiet (6 December 182410 September 1910) was a French sculptor. He is famous for his 1874 sculpture of Joan of Arc in Paris (and its "sister" statues in Philadelphia and Portland, Oregon) and the monument to Ferdinand de Lesseps in S ...
. As a child he had poor health and was privately tutored at home. He was appointed an assistant lecturer in the
Museum d'histoire naturelle The French National Museum of Natural History ( ; abbr. MNHN) is the national natural history museum of France and a of higher education part of Sorbonne University. The main museum, with four galleries, is located in Paris, France, within the Ja ...
in 1910, and then lecturer in
Comparative embryology Comparative embryology is the branch of embryology that compares and contrasts embryos of different species, showing how all animals are related. History Aristotle was the earliest person in recorded history to study embryos. Observing embryos of ...
at the
Collège de France The (), formerly known as the or as the ''Collège impérial'' founded in 1530 by François I, is a higher education and research establishment () in France. It is located in Paris near La Sorbonne. The has been considered to be France's most ...
in 1911, working under
Louis-Félix Henneguy Louis-Félix Henneguy (18 March 1850 – 16 January 1928) was a French zoologist and embryologist born in Paris. In 1875, he received his medical doctorate from the University of Montpellier with a dissertation on the physiological action of poi ...
.


Career

Fauré-Fremiet was a professor at the Sorbonne, and succeeded Henneguy as chair of comparative embryology at the
Collège de France The (), formerly known as the or as the ''Collège impérial'' founded in 1530 by François I, is a higher education and research establishment () in France. It is located in Paris near La Sorbonne. The has been considered to be France's most ...
from 1928 to 1954. He published extensively on protozoology, especially the
ciliates The ciliates are a group of alveolates characterized by the presence of hair-like organelles called cilia, which are identical in structure to eukaryotic flagella, but are in general shorter and present in much larger numbers, with a different ...
, on embryology, and experimental cell biology. At the Institut de Biologie Physicochimique (the Rothschild Institute), he developed diffraction X-Ray, and electron microscopy with
Boris Ephrussi Boris Ephrussi (; 9 May 1901 – 2 May 1979), Professor of Genetics at the University of Paris, was a Russo- French geneticist. Ephrussi was born on 9 May 1901 into a Jewish family. His father, Samuel Osipovich Ephrussi, was a chemical engineer; ...
. He described the unusual cilliate genus '' Legendrea''.


Personal life

In March 1913, Fauré-Fremiet married Jeanne, daughter of Louis-Félix Henneguy. The couple had no children, and for many years, her sister Suzanne lived with them. Jeanne died in 1967, and Suzanne in 1970. He later married his former assistant M. Hamard in 1971. Fauré-Fremiet died from bronchitis and emphysema on 6 November 1971.


Honours

Honours and awards received by Fauré-Fremiet included: * Chevalier de Legion d'Honneur (1936) * President of the International Society of Cytologists * President of the
Société zoologique de France La Société zoologique de France (), founded in 1876 by Aimé Bouvier, is a scientific society devoted to Zoology. It publishes a bulletin and organises the Prix Gadeau de Kerville de la Société zoologique de France. List of presidents * 18 ...
(1941) * Honorary foreign member of the
American Academy of Arts and Sciences The American Academy of Arts and Sciences (The Academy) is one of the oldest learned societies in the United States. It was founded in 1780 during the American Revolution by John Adams, John Hancock, James Bowdoin, Andrew Oliver, and other ...
(1938) *
Foreign Member of the Royal Society Fellowship of the Royal Society (FRS, ForMemRS and HonFRS) is an award granted by the Fellows of the Royal Society of London to individuals who have made a "substantial contribution to the improvement of natural science, natural knowledge, incl ...
(1963)


References

1883 births 1971 deaths Foreign members of the Royal Society Foreign associates of the National Academy of Sciences Academic staff of the University of Paris Academic staff of the Collège de France 20th-century French biologists Protistologists Gabriel Fauré {{France-biologist-stub