Emiliano R. Fernández
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Emiliano Fernández Rivarola (August 8, 1894 – September 15, 1949) was a Paraguayan poet,
musician A musician is someone who Composer, composes, Conducting, conducts, or Performing arts#Performers, performs music. According to the United States Employment Service, "musician" is a general Terminology, term used to designate a person who fol ...
, and
soldier A soldier is a person who is a member of an army. A soldier can be a Conscription, conscripted or volunteer Enlisted rank, enlisted person, a non-commissioned officer, a warrant officer, or an Officer (armed forces), officer. Etymology The wo ...
. He is the author of more than 2,000
poems Poetry (from the Greek language, Greek word ''poiesis'', "making") is a form of literature, literary art that uses aesthetics, aesthetic and often rhythmic qualities of language to evoke meaning (linguistics), meanings in addition to, or in ...
and participated in the
Chaco War The Chaco War (, infantryman Infantry, or infantryman are a type of soldier who specialize in ground combat, typically fighting dismounted. Historically the term was used to describe foot soldiers, i.e. those who march and fight on foot. In modern usage, the term broadl ...
.


Childhood and youth

Emiliano Fernández was born to Silvestre Fernández and Bernarda Rivarola. During his first years he lived in the town of Ysaty, where he attended the elementary school until the 5th grade. During the revolution of 1904, which took the
Liberal Party The Liberal Party is any of many political parties around the world. The meaning of ''liberal'' varies around the world, ranging from liberal conservatism on the right to social liberalism on the left. For example, while the political systems ...
, a traditional political group founded in 1887, to power, he moved to Concepción, where later he made the military service. From the 1920s, with a bohemian spirit he began to travel to all the points of Paraguay, writing his first poems which he would then recite or sing with his guitar: “Primavera” (I y II), “Trigueñita” y “Pyhare amaguype”, published in “Okara poty kue mi”, magazine of poetry and popular songs, edited for many years by the Trujillo family. He later wrote two of his most popular songs in an epic tone: “Che la reina” o “Ahama che china” and “Rojas Silva rekávo”. During the
Chaco War The Chaco War (, Bolivia Bolivia, officially the Plurinational State of Bolivia, is a landlocked country located in central South America. The country features diverse geography, including vast Amazonian plains, tropical lowlands, mountains, the Gran Chaco Province, w ...
( 1932–1935 ) he was a member of the Infantry regiment “13 Tuyutí”, as a soldier, writing his best poems between the pauses of the battles. He was wounded and moved to
Asunción Asunción (, ) is the capital and the largest city of Paraguay. The city stands on the eastern bank of the Paraguay River, almost at the confluence of this river with the Pilcomayo River. The Paraguay River and the Bay of Asunción in the north ...
. As a soldier, in the first of battle Nanawa, when he was wounded in action, Fernández reached the summit of value and sacrifice. During the international conflict, his poems reached all the distant points of the country, giving enthusiasm and conviction of victory, which later gave him the nickname of “Tirteo verde olivo”, after the
Sparta Sparta was a prominent city-state in Laconia in ancient Greece. In antiquity, the city-state was known as Lacedaemon (), while the name Sparta referred to its main settlement in the Evrotas Valley, valley of Evrotas (river), Evrotas rive ...
n poet
Tyrtaeus Tyrtaeus (; ''Tyrtaios''; fl. mid-7th century BC) was a Greek elegiac poet from Sparta whose works were speculated to fill five books. His works survive from quotations and papyri, and include 250 lines or parts of lines. He wrote at a time of t ...
, an expression he owes to
Mauricio Cardozo Ocampo Mauricio Cardozo Ocampo (May 14, 1907 – May 5, 1982) was the main reference of the so-called "golden generation" of the Paraguayan popular music and a strict studious of the Paraguayan folk music. Biography He was born in Ybycuí on May 14, 1 ...
. More than 60 years later, whenever one of his songs is listened to, an inevitable patriotic emotion fills the hearts of his fellow citizens. The scholar and intellectual Carlos Villagra Marsal considers him the most popular poet in Paraguay. With his poems written in “
jopara Jopara () or Yopará () is a colloquial form of Guarani spoken in Paraguay which uses a number of Spanish loan words. Its name is from the Guarani word for “mixture”. The majority of Paraguayans, particularly younger ones, speak some form o ...
” (mixture of guarani and
Spanish Spanish might refer to: * Items from or related to Spain: **Spaniards are a nation and ethnic group indigenous to Spain **Spanish language, spoken in Spain and many countries in the Americas **Spanish cuisine **Spanish history **Spanish culture ...
) he could get deep inside the soul of his people. One of the curiosities in his immense work are the verses dedicated to the women who had sometime had a relation with him, and there weren’t few: his wife, Maria Belen Lugo, Leandra Paredes, Zulmita Leon, Mercedes Rojas, Catalina Vallejos, Dominga Jara, Eloisa Osorio, Otilia Riquelme, Marciana de la Vega, among many others. His last poem was dedicated to his nurse, Facunda Velásquez, a short time before dying. He devoted himself to journalism for a few years, working in the “Semanario Guaraní” with Facundo Recalde. During his life he Publisher a small book named “Ka’aguy jaryi”, containing some of his more emblematic poems.


Mentions

In 1950, the Guarani Association of Writers declared him the “national Glory”.


History and works

Emilianore, as he was known, was a synthesis of the Paraguayan bohemian world. He was a traveler and a late sleeper, he lived for a while in Sapucai, then in
Caballero Caballero (plural: Caballeros), the Spanish word for ''horseman'', ''knight'' or ''gentleman''. It can also refer to a indigenous or Hispano vaquero cowboy in New Mexico and the Southwestern United States. Other things the term can refer to: Peop ...
, then in San Pedro, Puerto Casado, Puerto Pinasco, Rancho Carambola (
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), and besides being a musician and a poet, he was also known for various activities such as carpenter, scouts guide, and forest man. In one of the files of his many works in Carlos Casado, we can see together with the firing paper, the following recommendation:” he is not to be taken ever as a worker in this company because he likes to party too much.”


Works

His extensive poetic work as well as musical incluyes, among others, the popular songs “
Asunción del Paraguay Asunción (, ) is the capital and the largest city of Paraguay. The city stands on the eastern bank of the Paraguay River, almost at the confluence of this river with the Pilcomayo River. The Paraguay River and the Bay of Asunción in the nort ...
”, “Las siete cabrillas”, “Adiós che paraje kue”, “La última letra”, “Siete notas musicales”, “Guavirá poty”, “Oda pasional”, “Tupasy del campo”, “Despierta mi Angelina”, “Che pochyma nendive”, “Nda che pochyi nendive”, “¿Porqué?”, “De lejos vengo”, “Tujami”, “Jagua rekove”, “Mboriahu memby”, “Reten pe pyhare”, “13 Tuyutí”, “Soldado guaraní”, “1º de Marzo”, “Ñesuhame”, “Nde keguype”, “Nde juru mbyte”, “Farra chui che kepe guare”.


His last years

A short while before dying, he left a great message in his poem "Mi pluma": "my pen is a girl, my flag and my heroine, in the fight her audacity and her courage never stops, she is the spear that touches sharply, very softly a sentinel of my life, faithful guardian of my honor. It is my bohemian pen, the country harmony, failed by teutons with a mean instinct; she is the victim of the hatred of those stingy souls, 'late scholars of show off state'". The historian Roberto A. Romero, among his biographers one of the main ones, refers about the circumstances of his death: ”On November 3, 1948, at around 6 pm , Emiliano arrived to the “Caracolito” store in the neighborhood Loma Kavara…There he was hit by a bullet from the shadows, who wounded him seriously…He had been ambushed. The author of the crime was never caught. The musicians Ricardo Pereira, Federico Esmerdel and Carlos Vera took him to the Militar hospital…. That night he underwent a surgery by Dr Pedro de Felice. He stayed there for a few months…but he didn’t recover from his wounds…he died…after a long suffering, at around 4.25 on September 15, 1949.” On the fact of his death, ''Okara poty kue mi'' says: "he died from a treacherous bullet". The great Paraguayan poet
Elvio Romero Elvio Romero (1926–2004) was a Paraguayan poet, active in the 1940s and 1950s. Early life Elvio Romero was born in Yegros, Paraguay in 1926. At a young age he became associated with fellow Paraguayan literary figures Hérib Campos Cervera, J ...
sang to him: “With a walking soul he went to rest on death, in the sad instant of his walking. He left on an errant night and left us his songs.”


External links

*
Fernández's music in Guarani and German


References


Centro Cultural el Cabildo
* Diccionario Biográfico ''Forjadores del Paraguay'', Primera Edicción Enero de 2000. Distribuidora Quevedo de Ediciones. Buenos Aires, Argentina. {{DEFAULTSORT:Fernandez, Emiliano R. 1894 births 1949 deaths People from Guarambaré 20th-century Paraguayan poets Paraguayan male poets People of the Chaco War Revolutionary Febrerista Party politicians Deaths by firearm in Paraguay 20th-century Paraguayan male writers Epic poets