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''Elliptio'' is a
Electric Elliptio Land.
Division of Molluscs, Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, The Ohio State University. Bivalve genera Taxa named by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque Taxonomy articles created by Polbot {{Unionidae-stub
''Elliptio'' is a genus
Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...
of medium- to large-sized freshwater mussels, aquatic bivalve
Bivalvia () or bivalves, in previous centuries referred to as the Lamellibranchiata and Pelecypoda, is a class (biology), class of aquatic animal, aquatic molluscs (marine and freshwater) that have laterally compressed soft bodies enclosed b ...
mollusk
Mollusca is a phylum of protostomic invertebrate animals, whose members are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 76,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized, making it the second-largest animal phylum after Arthropoda. The ...
s in the family Unionidae
The Unionidae are a Family (biology), family of freshwater mussels, the largest in the order Unionida, the bivalve molluscs sometimes known as river mussels, or simply as unionids.
The range of distribution for this family is world-wide. It is a ...
, commonly known as the unionids, freshwater mussels or naiad
In Greek mythology, the naiads (; ), sometimes also hydriads, are a type of female spirit, or nymph, presiding over fountains, wells, springs, streams, brooks and other bodies of fresh water.
They are distinct from river gods, who embodied ...
s.
In contrast with many other groups of American Unionidae, the ''Elliptio'' species reach their greatest diversity in the Atlantic-draining rivers of Georgia and the Carolinas, and large parts of Florida. One species ranges north into New England and southern Canada, and two occur in the interior Mississippi drainages. Most ''Elliptio'' species have elongated shells, with silvery or purplish interior nacre beneath a thick periostracum
The periostracum ( ) is a thin, organic coating (or "skin") that is the outermost layer of the shell of many shelled animals, including molluscs and brachiopods. Among molluscs, it is primarily seen in snails and clams, i.e. in gastropods an ...
, and few reach large size or thickness.
The genus name ''Elliptio'' refers to the elliptical shape of these bivalves.
As of 2023 there are 43 species in the genus.
Species
The following species are recognised in the genus ''Elliptio'': *'' Elliptio ahenea'' *†'' Elliptio albertensis'' *'' Elliptio angustata'' – Carolina lance *'' Elliptio arca'' – Alabama spike *'' Elliptio arctata'' *'' Elliptio chipolaensis'' – Chipola slabshell *'' Elliptio cistellaeformis'' *†'' Elliptio clinopisthus'' *'' Elliptio complanata'' – Eastern elliptio *'' Elliptio congaraea'' *†'' Elliptio cornelliana'' *'' Elliptio crassidens'' – Elephantear *'' Elliptio dariensis'' *'' Elliptio downiei'' – Satilla elephantear *'' Elliptio fisheriana'' *'' Elliptio folliculata'' – pod lance *'' Elliptio fraterna'' – brother spike *'' Elliptio fumata'' *†'' Elliptio haydeni'' *†'' Elliptio hoelzli'' *'' Elliptio hopetonensis'' – Altamaha slabshell *†'' Elliptio hubbardii'' *'' Elliptio icterina'' – variable spike *'' Elliptio jayensis'' *'' Elliptio judithae'' *'' Elliptio lanceolata'' – yellow lance *†'' Elliptio larteti'' *'' Elliptio marsupiobesa'' *'' Elliptio mcmichaeli'' – fluted elephantear *'' Elliptio monroensis'' *†'' Elliptio mormonum'' *†'' Elliptio nanaimoensis'' *'' Elliptio nasutidus'' *'' Elliptio nigella'' – recovery pearly mussel, winged spike *'' Elliptio occulta'' *†'' Elliptio pachyodon'' *'' Elliptio producta'' – Atlantic spike *'' Elliptio pullata'' *'' Elliptio purpurella'' *'' Elliptio roanokensis'' – Roanoke slabshell *†'' Elliptio salissiensis'' *'' Elliptio shepardiana'' – Altamaha lance *'' Elliptio spinosa'' – Altamaha spinymussel, Georgia spinymussel *†'' Elliptio washakiensis''References
External links
Electric Elliptio Land.
Division of Molluscs, Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, The Ohio State University. Bivalve genera Taxa named by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque Taxonomy articles created by Polbot {{Unionidae-stub