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''El Gráfico'' is an Argentine
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sports magazine A sports magazine is usually a weekly, biweekly or monthly, magazine featuring articles or segments on sports. Some may be published a specific number of times per year. A wide range of sports are covered by these magazines which include general ...
, originally published by Editorial Atlántida as a print publication between 1919 and 2018. ''El Gráfico'' was released in May 1919 as a weekly newspaper, and then turned to a sports magazine exclusively. It began to be scheduled monthly from 2002, and was discontinued in 2018, continuing only online. The magazine was nicknamed ''La Biblia del deporte'' ("The Bible of sports") due to its chronicles, notable journalists and collaborators and its photographies.


History

The foundation of the magazine was an initiative of
Uruguay Uruguay, officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay, is a country in South America. It shares borders with Argentina to its west and southwest and Brazil to its north and northeast, while bordering the Río de la Plata to the south and the A ...
an entrepreneur Constancio C. Vigil, that had founded '' Atlántida'' magazine in 1918 with great success, but the '' tragic week'' riots in 1919 stopped the activities. After that event and its consequences, Vigil was persuaded in acquiring his own printing. With the machines and the installations ready, he established "Editorial Atlántida", his own publishing house, headquartered in
Buenos Aires Buenos Aires, controlled by the government of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, is the Capital city, capital and largest city of Argentina. It is located on the southwest of the Río de la Plata. Buenos Aires is classified as an Alpha− glob ...
. The first magazine from the recently created publisher was ''El Gráfico'', with its #1 being released on 30 May 1919. It was printed in tabloid format (57 x 39 cm) with a great amount of photographs. The predominance of the image was the distinctive mark of the magazine since its launching, clearly explicitly in its name (''"The Graphic"'' in Spanish) The first cover showed a children parade in front of
Casa Rosada The ''Casa Rosada'' (), , is the president of the Argentine Republic's official workplace, located in Buenos Aires. The palatial mansion is known officially as ''Casa de Gobierno'' ("House of Government" or "Government House"). Normally, the pre ...
for the 119th. anniversary of the
May Revolution The May Revolution () was a week-long series of events that took place from 18 to 25 May 1810, in Buenos Aires, capital of the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata. This Spanish colony included roughly the territories of present-day Argentina, ...
. ''El Gráficos first director was Aníbal Vigil, a journalist and also sportsman. Vigil travelled to
Paris Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, largest city of France. With an estimated population of 2,048,472 residents in January 2025 in an area of more than , Paris is the List of ci ...
as special correspondent to cover the
1924 Summer Olympics The 1924 Summer Olympics (), officially the Games of the VIII Olympiad () and officially branded as Paris 1924, were an international multi-sport event held in Paris, France. The opening ceremony was held on 5 July, but some competitions had al ...
, being probably the first sports journalist of Argentina attending an Olympic Game.Por qué El Gráfico
, 31 May 2019
Other publications by Editorial Atlántida that followed ''El Gráfico'' were ''
Billiken The Billiken is a doll, charm doll created by an American art teacher and illustrator, Florence Pretz of Kansas City, Missouri, who is said to have seen the mysterious figure in a dream. It is believed that Pretz found the name Billiken in Bliss ...
'' (1919, a magazine for children) and a female publication –''Para Ti''– in 1922. In the cover of the first number of ''El Gráfico'' appeared the legend ''Ilustración Semanal Argentina'' at the bottom of the picture. Indeed, the magazine only contained photos and epigraphs which had originated its name ("The Graphic" in English) and at first the publication was not related to sports covering all sort of news and events. Alberto Palazzo (under the pseudonym ''Garabito'') was the first photographer of the magazine. Although not a sports magazine, the #5 was the first to include a
football Football is a family of team sports that involve, to varying degrees, kick (football), kicking a football (ball), ball to score a goal (sports), goal. Unqualified, football (word), the word ''football'' generally means the form of football t ...
chronicle on its cover, a match between
Argentina Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic, is a country in the southern half of South America. It covers an area of , making it the List of South American countries by area, second-largest country in South America after Brazil, the fourt ...
and
Uruguay Uruguay, officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay, is a country in South America. It shares borders with Argentina to its west and southwest and Brazil to its north and northeast, while bordering the Río de la Plata to the south and the A ...
national teams.
Goalkeeper In many team sports that involve scoring goal (sport), goals, the goalkeeper (sometimes termed goaltender, netminder, GK, goalie, or keeper) is a designated player charged with directly preventing the opposing team from scoring by blocking or i ...
Américo Tesoriere was the first sportman to appear on the cover (#158, July 1922). But it was not until 1925 (#333) when ''El Gráfico'' became a full sports magazine. One of the first notable collaborators was Alfredo Rossi (a) ''Chantecler'', who was probably the first sports journalist with an analytic view of the game. His chronicles about football players became memorable. Rossi joined in 1925 and remained to 1941 From the 1930s to the 1960s, Félix Frascara and Ricardo Lorenzo (mostly known for his pseudonym ''Borocotó'') highlighted as the main journalists of the magazine. ''Borocotó'' (pseudonym for Ricardo Lorenzo) wrote about several sports such as football,
basketball Basketball is a team sport in which two teams, most commonly of five players each, opposing one another on a rectangular Basketball court, court, compete with the primary objective of #Shooting, shooting a basketball (ball), basketball (appro ...
,
cycling Cycling, also known as bicycling or biking, is the activity of riding a bicycle or other types of pedal-driven human-powered vehicles such as balance bikes, unicycles, tricycles, and quadricycles. Cycling is practised around the world fo ...
(his favourite), and
rowing Rowing is the act of propelling a human-powered watercraft using the sweeping motions of oars to displace water and generate reactional propulsion. Rowing is functionally similar to paddling, but rowing requires oars to be mechanically a ...
in his characteristic simple style. The column "Apiladas" was his most famous creation. Félix Frascara's column about
boxing Boxing is a combat sport and martial art. Taking place in a boxing ring, it involves two people – usually wearing protective equipment, such as boxing glove, protective gloves, hand wraps, and mouthguards – throwing Punch (combat), punch ...
, "Contragolpes", became his distinctive mark. In 1959, Dante Panzeri joined to the staff. Panzeri opposed to the excessive use of
tactics Tactic(s) or Tactical may refer to: * Tactic (method), a conceptual action implemented as one or more specific tasks ** Military tactics, the disposition and maneuver of units on a particular sea or battlefield ** Chess tactics In chess, a tac ...
in football, with
Juan Carlos Lorenzo Juan Carlos "Toto" Lorenzo (; 27 October 1922 – 14 November 2001) was an Argentine football player and coach. He became an icon for Boca Juniors fans after he coached the club to its first two Copa Libertadores titles. Biography In his teens, ...
, Osvaldo Zubeldía, Argentino Geronazzo and José D'Amico as some trainers that were accused of being excessively obsessed with tactics.Hoy hubiese cumplio 99 años El Gráfico
by Ernesto Cherquis Bialo on Infobae, 30 January 2018
Despite Panzeri's critical style (which has remained as a strong influence for journalists that succeed him),Panzeri
by Ezequiel F. Moores on ''La Nación'', 6 June 2012
''El Gráfico'' experienced a strong decrease in its sales, from 250,000 sold to only 90,000 during those years. After the
1962 FIFA World Cup The 1962 FIFA World Cup was the 7th edition of the FIFA World Cup, the quadrennial international football championship for senior men's national teams. It was held from 30 May to 17 June 1962 in Chile. The qualification rounds took place between ...
held in Chile, Panzeri left his charge in ''El Gráfico'', after he was pressed to publish advertisements of then Ministry of Economy, Alvaro Alsogaray. He refused alleging the spirit of the magazine would be distorted if he had agreed to that., On the other hand, sales decreased from 230,000 to 78,000. To stop that decline, Aníbal and Constancio Vigil brought back Carlos Fontanarrosa, appointing him as director of the magazine. Under Fontanarrosa's direction, ''El Gráfico'' changed its editorial policy, focusing on the most recent news and events. The latest technological advancement were acquired to improve the quality of the magazine; Journalists Julio César Pasquato (a) ''Juvenal'' (who had gaining prestige working in '' La Razón'') and Emilio Lafferranderie (a) ''El Veco'' –considered a successor of ''Borocotó''– were added to the staff. Other journalists hired were Osvaldo Ardizzone, Héctor Onesime and Pepe Peña. From then on, ''El Gráfico'' covered the most notable sports events with a rich array of photographies to show them to readers. After that change of direction, ''El Gráfico'' recovered and sales increased. Fontanarrosa remained in his charge until 1977 when he quit. The best selling era of ''El Gráfico'' was during the
1986 FIFA World Cup The 1986 FIFA World Cup was the 13th FIFA World Cup, a quadrennial Association football, football tournament for men's senior national teams. It was played in Mexico from 31 May to 29 June 1986. The tournament was the second to feature a 24-tea ...
when Argentina crowned champion, with 690,998 sold. The second place in the ranking of all-time best seller magazine is for the
1978 FIFA World Cup The 1978 FIFA World Cup was the 11th edition of the FIFA World Cup, a Anniversary#Latin-derived numerical names, quadrennial international Association football, football world championship tournament among the men's senior national teams. It wa ...
with 595,924.
Diego Maradona Diego Armando Maradona Franco (30 October 196025 November 2020) was an Argentine professional association football, football player and manager. Widely regarded as one of the greatest players in the history of the sport, he was one of the two ...
was the sports man with the most appearances on the cover: 134, followed by
Daniel Passarella Daniel Alberto Passarella (born 25 May 1953) is an Argentine former Association football, footballer and Manager (association football), manager, who is considered one of the greatest Defender (association football), defenders of all time. As a ...
(58) and
Norberto Alonso Norberto Osvaldo "Beto" Alonso (born 4 January 1953) is a former Argentine Association football, football midfielder who spent most of his career at Club Atlético River Plate, River Plate, where he won 9 titles. He remains one of their most not ...
(54). In 1998, sports communication company Torneos y Competencias (that had exclusive rights to broadcast the
Argentine Primera División The Primera División (; ), known officially as Liga Profesional de Fútbol, or Torneo Betano for sponsorship reasons, is a professional association football league in Argentina and the highest level of the Argentine football league system. Organ ...
matches due to an agreement with the AFA) bought ''El Gráfico''.Ernesto Cherquis Bialo: "Cuando a El Gráfico lo compró Torneos, perdió credibilidad"
, CFIN, 19 January 2018
The magazine was published weekly by "Revistas Deportivas S.A." until April 2002, when its frequency switched to monthly. The last monthly edition was in January 2018, featuring Independiente manager Ariel Holan on its cover. Since then, ''El Gráfico'' has been continued its run on internet exclusively.


Historical staff

Some of the most notable collaborators of the magazine during its near 100 years of existence were:Sólo una vez en la vida
by Ernesto Cherquis on Infobae


Journalists and writers

* Alfredo E. Rossi (''Chantecler'') (1925–41) * Ricardo L. Rodríguez (''Borocotó'') (1926–55) * Félix D. Frascara (1930–60) * Hugo Mackern (''Free Lance'') (1931–81) * Dante Panzeri (1945–62) *
Ernesto Lazzatti Ernesto Lazzatti (25 September 1915 – 30 December 1988) was an Argentine football midfielder and sports journalist. As a player, he won 10 titles with Boca Juniors, the only Argentine team where he played. Lazzatti's position on the field was ...
(1950s) * Osvaldo Ardizzone (1960s–70s) * Carlos Fontanarrosa (1962–77) * Julio C. Pasquato (''Juvenal'') (1962–88) * Ernesto Cherquis Bialo (1963–90) * Osvaldo R. Orcasitas (''O.R.O.'') (1968–2014) * Horacio Pagani (1969–75) * Gonzalo Bonadeo (1982–) * Daniel Arcucci * Diego Fucks (1984) * Alejandro Fabbri (1984–94) * Mariano Hamilton * Adrián Maladesky * Aldo Proietto * Carlos Irusta * Martín Mazur * Diego Borinsky * Elías Perugino * Matías Rodríguez * Martín Estevez * Aldo Proietto * Marcos Villalobo * Esteban Peicovich


Photographers

* Alberto Palazzo (''Garabito'') (1919–47) * Usaburo Kikuchi (1928–57) * Antonio Legarreta (1948–80) * Ricardo Alfieri (1936–80s)


Legacy

''El Gráfico'' is widely the most regarded sports magazine in Argentina and Latin America. The magazine was nicknamed ''La Biblia del deporte'' ("The Bible of sports") due to its chronicles, notable journalists and collaborators and its photographies. The magazine famously underlined creole-style football as opposed to the British style of football that had been introduced to Argentina in the late 19th century. It was baptised ''La Nuestra'' ("Our Own"). Researcher Eduardo Archetti stated about that: When the printed edition of ''El Gráfico'' was closed, some former collaborators and journalists left their impressions on that: Not only was ''El Gráfico'' popular for those reasons, but it had a significant impact on the role of women in sports. Before the beginning of the twentieth century both girls and women were not given the same amount of exposure in the media as men were. Their chances and abilities to play were hindered as they were overshadowed by the male-dominated world of media and sport. Fortunately, after major changes to women's uniforms were implemented by the 1920s, ''El Gráfico'' played a key role in the creation of new images of women and sports. Throughout this time period the magazine published many photographs of women athletes. In 1919 the third edition featured women tennis players on the cover, and throughout the 1930s about 15 percent of ''El Gráfico'''s front cover pages featured women. The magazine not only displayed the women in action playing on the fields, but it featured their accomplishments within the contents of the pages. Another way it aided in displaying these women was by identifying the women's club memberships. Although a small and simple act, this highlighted their participation in the sporting community on a larger scale. This all helped to "normalize the idea of sportswomen", as ''El Gráfico'' "presented women as active subjects instead of passive objects and highlighted their physical prowess instead of ''only'' their beauty", ultimately disrupting the visual culture of Argentina in the 1920s and 1930s. Despite the fact that this amount of exposure still represented a minority compared to that of men at the time, it is still considered a breakthrough as this representation exceeded that of any similar publication in Argentina and beyond.


Gallery

File:Zamora esp 1926.jpeg,
Ricardo Zamora Ricardo Zamora Martínez (; 21 January 1901 – 8 September 1978) was a Spanish footballer and manager. He played as a goalkeeper for, among others, RCD Espanyol, FC Barcelona and Real Madrid. As an international he played for Spain. As a man ...
File:Charro moreno 1940s.jpg, José M. Moreno File:Carlos Sosa Boca 1944.jpg, Carlos Sosa File:Sanfilippo elgrafico.jpg,
José Sanfilippo José Francisco "El Nene" Sanfilippo (born 4 May 1935) is a former Argentine footballer who played as a striker. Club career Sanfilippo was born in Buenos Aires. During his club career he played for San Lorenzo, Boca Juniors and Banfield in ...
File:Luis_Federico_Thompson_-_El_Gr%C3%A1fico_2151.jpg, Luis Federico Thompson File:Bobby charlton elgrafico.JPG,
Bobby Charlton Sir Robert Charlton (11 October 1937 – 21 October 2023) was an English professional footballer who played as an attacking midfielder, left winger or centre-forward. Widely considered one of the greatest players of all time, he was a member ...


References


External links

* * {{DEFAULTSORT:Grafico, El G G G G Defunct magazines published in Argentina G G G G G G