Edward Pawłowicz (; 30 March 1837 – 1895) was a Polish-Lithuanian teacher and director of the Private

Real School Real school (, ) is a type of secondary school in Germany, Switzerland and Liechtenstein. It has also existed in Croatia (''realna gimnazija''), the Austrian Empire, the German Empire, Denmark and Norway (''realskole''), Sweden (''realskola''), F ...

Kalisz Kalisz () is a city in central Poland, and the second-largest city in the Greater Poland Voivodeship, with 97,905 residents (December 2021). It is the capital city of the Kalisz Region. Situated on the Prosna river in the southeastern part of Gr ...

, as well as a prominent educational activist.

Biography

He was born in 1837 at the Lapgiriai Manor, in the Lithuanian region of

Samogitia Samogitia, often known by its Lithuanian language, Lithuanian name ''Žemaitija'' (Samogitian language, Samogitian: ''Žemaitėjė''; see Samogitia#Etymology and alternative names, below for alternative and historical names) is one of the five ...

, to the Samogitian noble Paulavičiai/Pawłowicz family of the Przyjaciel coat of arms. He was the son of Józef Bernard Pawłowicz, an estate administrator, and Maria née Dokalski. In 1856, he graduated from the

gymnasium in Šiauliai Gymnasium may refer to: *Gymnasium (ancient Greece), educational and sporting institution *Gymnasium (school), type of secondary school that prepares students for higher education **Gymnasium (Denmark) **Gymnasium (Germany) *Gym, an indoor plac ...

and began studying medicine at the

University of Moscow Moscow State University (MSU), officially M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University,. is a public research university in Moscow, Russia. The university includes 15 research institutes, 43 faculties, more than 300 departments, and six branches. Al ...

, before transferring to the

Imperial University of Dorpat The University of Tartu (UT; ; ) is a public research university located in the city of Tartu, Estonia. It is the national university of Estonia. It is also the largest and oldest university in the country.

, where he pursued studies in mathematics and natural sciences. In 1861, he earned a degree of candidate of sciences and began working as a teacher at the Men's Gymnasium in

. In 1873, Pawłowicz resigned from his position and founded a private four-grade progymnasium, which was transformed in 1875 into a six-grade Private Real School. The school soon became known as the "Pawłowicz School." He was part of a group of intellectuals in Kalisz who regularly met at the Berlin Hotel on Mariańska Street and made efforts to animate the cultural life of the city. Pawłowicz was a member of the Charity Society, the Music Society in Kalisz, and the Society for the Encouragement of Fine Arts in

Warsaw Warsaw, officially the Capital City of Warsaw, is the capital and List of cities and towns in Poland, largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the Vistula, River Vistula in east-central Poland. Its population is officially estimated at ...

. He led the school until 1883, when he left Kalisz to settle in the inherited estate of in Samogitia. The school was taken over by Konstanty Jerzykowicz, and in 1893 it was nationalized by the Tsarist government.

Mykolas Biržiška Mykolas Biržiška (; 24 August 1882, in Viekšniai – 24 August 1962, in Los Angeles), a Lithuanian editor, historian, professor of literature, diplomat, and politician, was one of the twenty signatories of the Act of Independence of Lithuan ...

, in his memoirs, describes the "Polish Flying Library" run in Pavirvytis by Pawłowicz, who made his extensive collection of Polish books available to the local landowners. A significant part of this collection Pawłowicz had received when leaving his school in Kalisz. Edward Pawłowicz passed away in 1895.

Family

He was married to Maria Szaniawska, daughter of Józef Szaniawski, a Kalisz archivist and historian. Together they had four sons: Jan, Kazimierz, Józef, and Edward, and five daughters: Maria, married to Życki, Jadwiga, wife of Kazimierz Dowgird, Aniela, wife of Jan Venordin, Zofia, and Wanda, wife of Leonard Micuta. Kazimierz Pawłowicz completed engineering studies at the

Jagiellonian University The Jagiellonian University (, UJ) is a public research university in Kraków, Poland. Founded in 1364 by Casimir III the Great, King Casimir III the Great, it is the oldest university in Poland and one of the List of oldest universities in con ...

Kraków , officially the Royal Capital City of Kraków, is the List of cities and towns in Poland, second-largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, the city has a population of 804,237 ...

and amassed wealth as the manager of a brick factory in the

Congress Poland Congress Poland or Congress Kingdom of Poland, formally known as the Kingdom of Poland, was a polity created in 1815 by the Congress of Vienna as a semi-autonomous Polish state, a successor to Napoleon's Duchy of Warsaw. It was established w ...

. In independent Poland, he became the founder of the Garden City Czerniaków (now part of the

Sadyba Sadyba is a neighbourhood, and an area of the City Information System, in Warsaw, Poland, within the district of Mokotów. It is a residential area with low-rise single-family housing in the south and high-rise multifamily housing in the north. ...

district) in Warsaw. Edward Pawłowicz's grandchildren included, among others, the Polish writer and traveler

Bohdan Pawłowicz Bohdan Pawłowicz (February 2, 1899 - May 28, 1967) was a Polish writer, journalist, radio broadcaster and a Polonia activist. He was also a scout, an emigration officer, a military man, a professor of Polish literary history and a globe-trott ...

(son of Kazimierz), Polish economist and World War II veteran

Wacław Micuta Wacław Micuta (pseudonym ''Wacek''; 6 December 1915, in Petrograd, Russia – 21 September 2008, in Geneva, Switzerland) was a Polish economist, World War II veteran, and United Nations functionary. He took part in the September 1939 defense o ...

(son of Wanda) and the Lithuanian historian

Vanda Daugirdaitė-Sruogienė Vanda Sruogienė Daugirdaitė (16 August 1899 – 10 February 1997) was a Lithuanian historian, educator, and cultural activist. She was the wife of writer Balys Sruoga. Biography Early life and education Vanda Daugirdaitė was born on 16 Aug ...

(born Wanda Dowgierd, daughter of Jadwiga).

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Pawłowicz, Edward 1837 births 1895 deaths 19th-century Polish educators People from Kalisz