Eduardo Agramonte y Piña (1841 – March 8, 1872) was a

Cuban Cuban or Cubans may refer to: Related to Cuba * of or related to Cuba, a country in the Caribbean * Cubans, people from Cuba, or of Cuban descent ** Cuban exile, a person who left Cuba for political reasons, or a descendant thereof * Cuban Americ ...

revolutionary A revolutionary is a person who either participates in, or advocates for, a revolution. The term ''revolutionary'' can also be used as an adjective to describe something producing a major and sudden impact on society. Definition The term—bot ...

, doctor, and politician who was killed during the

Ten Years' War The Ten Years' War (; 1868–1878), also known as the Great War () and the War of '68, was part of Cuba's fight for independence from Spain. The uprising was led by Cuban-born planters and other wealthy natives. On 10 October 1868, sugar mil ...

Cuba Cuba, officially the Republic of Cuba, is an island country, comprising the island of Cuba (largest island), Isla de la Juventud, and List of islands of Cuba, 4,195 islands, islets and cays surrounding the main island. It is located where the ...

Early life

Eduardo Agramonte y Piña was born in Puerto Príncipe (now

Camagüey Camagüey () is a city and municipality in central Cuba and is the nation's third-largest city with more than 333,000 inhabitants. It is the capital of the Camagüey Province. It was founded as Santa María del Puerto del Príncipe in 1514, by Sp ...

) in 1841. Agramonte's profession was a doctor before the independence campaigns. He was an active member of the

Masonic Order Freemasonry (sometimes spelled Free-Masonry) consists of fraternal groups that trace their origins to the medieval guilds of stonemasons. Freemasonry is the oldest secular fraternity in the world and among the oldest still-existing organizati ...

of Tínima No. 16, established in

in 1866. Although some were against political matters being discussed in their sessions, the Tínima

Masonic Lodge A Masonic lodge (also called Freemasons' lodge, or private lodge or constituent lodge) is the basic organisational unit of Freemasonry. It is also a commonly used term for a building where Freemasons meet and hold their meetings. Every new l ...

was adopted by Camagüey revolutionaries as the conspiracy's hub in Central Cuba. In meetings coordinated by Oriente's

Carlos Manuel de Céspedes Carlos Manuel de Céspedes del Castillo (18 April 1819, Bayamo, Spanish Cuba – 27 February 1874, San Lorenzo, Spanish Cuba) was a Cuban revolutionary hero and First President of Cuba in Arms in 1868. Cespedes, who was a plantation owne ...

with different revolutionary groups, it was proposed to support the cause of an

insurrection Rebellion is an uprising that resists and is organized against one's government. A rebel is a person who engages in a rebellion. A rebel group is a consciously coordinated group that seeks to gain political control over an entire state or a ...

in Eastern Cuba.

Ten Years' War

Agramonte took action when the war of independence against Spain erupted on October 10, 1868, following the

Cry of Yara The Cry of Yara () was a declaration, battle cry, and uprising in eastern Cuba on 10 October 1868, initiating the Ten Years' War. The signaling of the Yara uprising occurred near Manzanillo in the eastern province of Oriente, at the sugar plan ...

Las Clavellinas Uprising

He was instrumental in the

Las Clavellinas Uprising The Las Clavellinas Uprising was a military engagement of the Ten Years' War. It took place on November 4, 1868, at the Las Clavellinas estate, near Puerto Príncipe (now Camagüey) in Cuba. It was the initial armed uprising in the Camagüey Pr ...

in Camagüey in November 1868. Once

Salvador Cisneros Betancourt Salvador Cisneros y Betancourt (February 10, 1828 – February 28, 1914) was a Cuban revolutionary and statesman, who was the only Cuban to become the president of the Republic of Cuba (1902–1959), Republic of Cuba twice. Early life Salvador C ...

conveyed the uprising circumstances, Eduardo Agramonte Piña summoned his loyal allies to convene at dawn the next day. The Las Clavellinas river, three miles from

Puerto Príncipe Port-au-Prince ( ; ; , ) is the capital and most populous city of Haiti. The city's population was estimated at 1,200,000 in 2022 with the metropolitan area estimated at a population of 2,618,894. The metropolitan area is defined by the IHSI ...

(now Camagüey), was the meeting point for 76 Cuban patriots on November 4, 1868, who were determined to partake in the revolt. Col. Eduardo Agramonte Piña proposed a military structure of the insurgents, and Gen.

Jerónimo Boza Agramonte Jerónimo Boza Agramonte (1824 – 1871) was a Cuban revolutionary and military officer who was killed during the Ten Years' War in Cuba. Early life Jerónimo Boza Agramonte was born in Puerto Príncipe (now Camagüey), Spanish Cuba in 1824. He ...

assumed command as the superior chief. Established on November 26, 1868, the Revolutionary Committee of Camagüey, acting as the provisional provincial government, was chaired by Salvador Cisneros Betancourt and included Eduardo Agramonte and

Ignacio Agramonte Ignacio Agramonte y Loynaz (23 December 1841 – 11 May 1873) was a Cuban revolutionary, who played an important part in the Ten Years' War (1868–1878). Biography Born in Puerto del Príncipe (known as Camagüey) on December 23, 1841, to a w ...

. Agramonte y Peña, alongside Salvador Cisneros Betancourt, Ignacio Agramonte, Francisco Sánchez y Betancourt, and

Antonio Zambrana Antonio Zambrana (June 19, 1846 - March 27, 1922) was a Cuban lawyer, jurist, writer, and politician. Biography Antonio Zambrana was born in Havana, Spanish Cuba on June 19, 1846. Zambrana's early education was guided by José de la Luz y Cabal ...

signed the Decree of Abolition of Slavery () on February 26, 1869, formally abolishing slavery in Camagüey.

Political career

When

became President of the Republic of Cuba in Arms in April 1869, Eduardo Agramonte was appointed to the Céspedes cabinet as the Secretary of the Interior. He was elected by the House of Representatives at

Guáimaro Guáimaro is a town and municipality in the southern part of Camagüey Province in Cuba. It is located between the cities of Camagüey and Las Tunas (city), Las Tunas. History Guáimaro features prominently in Cuban history as the place where in 1 ...

on April 11, 1869. Agramonte and others from the second

Cuban Junta The Cuban Junta was a group of Cuban nationalists that advocated for Cuban independence before and during the Spanish-American War (April 21 – August 13, 1898). The Junta was primarily made up of naturalized Cubans located in the United States. ...

were convicted of treason and rebellion in November 1870, with a death sentence by

garrote A garrote ( ; alternatively spelled as garotte and similar variants)''Oxford English Dictionary'', 11th Ed: garrotte is normal British English spelling, with single r alternate. Article title is US English spelling variant. or garrote vil () is ...

awaiting them if they fell into Spanish hands.

Battle of San José del Chorrillo

Col. Eduardo Agramonte Piña's last engagement was the 1872 Battle of San José del Chorrillo.

Personal life

His sisters were Angeline Agramonte de Primelles and Carmelle Agramonte. His first cousin was Cuban patriot

. Aristides Agramonte, his son, was born in the summer of 1868 in

. Aristides grew up in New York and became noted for his part in the discovery that a certain mosquito species transmits yellow fever.

Death

Eduardo Agramonte y Piña was killed in action in San José del Chorrillo,

Camagüey Province Camagüey () is the largest of the provinces of Cuba. Its capital is Camagüey. Other towns include Florida and Nuevitas. Geography Camagüey is mostly low lying, with no major hills or mountain ranges passing through the province. Numerous lar ...

in Cuba on March 8, 1872. Following his death, his family sought refuge in the United States.Wilson, C. M. (1972). Ambassadors in White: The Story of American Tropical Medicine. United Kingdom: Kennikat Press.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Agramonte, Eduardo 1841 births 1872 deaths 19th-century Cuban politicians Cuban independence activists Cuban revolutionaries People of the Ten Years' War People from Camagüey