Eduard Brunberg ( – 17 November 1923), known by the

pen name A pen name or nom-de-plume is a pseudonym (or, in some cases, a variant form of a real name) adopted by an author and printed on the title page or by-line of their works in place of their real name. A pen name may be used to make the author's na ...

Eduard Bornhöhe, was an Estonian writer. Bornhöhe is generally considered a pioneer of the genre of the Estonian historical novel, as the majority of his creations consist of

romanticism Romanticism (also known as the Romantic movement or Romantic era) was an artistic and intellectual movement that originated in Europe towards the end of the 18th century. The purpose of the movement was to advocate for the importance of subjec ...

-influenced historical adventure stories.

Bibliography

*1880 Tasuja (

Estonian Estonian may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to Estonia, a country in the Baltic region in northern Europe * Estonians, people from Estonia, or of Estonian descent * Estonian language * Estonian cuisine * Estonian culture See also

...

for ''Avenger'') : A historical story, set during the time of the

St. George's Night Uprising Saint George's Night Uprising in 1343–1345 (, ) was an unsuccessful attempt by the indigenous Estonian population in the Duchy of Estonia, the Bishopric of Ösel-Wiek, and the insular territories of the State of the Teutonic Order to rid th ...

. Widely considered the best story of Bornhöhe. *1890 Villu võitlused (

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for ''Battles of Villu'') : Another historical story set during the time of the

. More realistic and less naïve than Tasuja, with more sophisticated characters. *1892 Tallinna narrid ja narrikesed (

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for ''Big fools and little fools of Tallinn'') : A

satirical Satire is a genre of the visual arts, visual, literature, literary, and performing arts, usually in the form of fiction and less frequently Nonfiction, non-fiction, in which vices, follies, abuses, and shortcomings are held up to ridicule, ...

series of contemporary cranks. *1893 Vürst Gabriel ehk Pirita kloostri viimsed päevad (

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for ''Furst Gabriel or The last days of Pirita monastery'') : This historical story, best known through the movie adaptation Viimne reliikvia (

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for ''The last relic''), is set during a peasant uprising in the era of the

Livonian War The Livonian War (1558–1583) concerned control of Terra Mariana, Old Livonia (in the territory of present-day Estonia and Latvia). The Tsardom of Russia faced a varying coalition of the Denmark–Norway, Dano-Norwegian Realm, the Kingdom ...

. Due to Czarist censorship, this remained Bornhöhe's last historical story. *1899 Usurändajate radadel (

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for ''On the trail of faith travellers'') : A travel diary. *1903 Kollid (

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for ''Monsters'') : A realist short novel.

Withdrawal from publication

In 1893, the

Russian Empire The Russian Empire was an empire that spanned most of northern Eurasia from its establishment in November 1721 until the proclamation of the Russian Republic in September 1917. At its height in the late 19th century, it covered about , roughl ...

's censor prohibited publication of historical stories. This led to the eventual withdrawal of Bornhöhe from writing. Notably, he didn't publish any books during the last twenty years of his life.

Soviet views

Since Bornhöhe's preferred topic was Estonia's ancient fight for freedom rather than more complex or more polemical subjects, Soviets generally found his writings useful, and presented them as examples of pre-Soviet patriotism. Vürst Gabriel ehk Pirita kloostri viimased päevad was made into a movie, the first part of Tallinna narrid ja narrikesed was repeatedly published and adapted for TV under Soviet occupation, and Bornhöhe's historical novels were constantly in lists of mandatory reading in Soviet Estonian schools.

Sources

* ''Eduard Bornhöhe. Kirjanik ja inimene'', a short monograph (1961) from the series of ''Eesti kirjamehi'' by Endel Nirk

External links

Eduard Bornhöhe at Estonian Writers' Online Dictionary
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bornhohe, Eduard 1862 births 1923 deaths People from Rakvere Parish People from Kreis Wierland Estonian male novelists 19th-century Estonian novelists 20th-century Estonian novelists Burials at Metsakalmistu Writers from the Russian Empire