East–West Crude Oil Pipeline
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The East-West Pipeline, also known as the ''Petroline,'' is a -long pipeline that runs from the Abqaiq oil field in the Eastern Province (near
Bahrain Bahrain, officially the Kingdom of Bahrain, is an island country in West Asia. Situated on the Persian Gulf, it comprises a small archipelago of 50 natural islands and an additional 33 artificial islands, centered on Bahrain Island, which mak ...
and
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on the
Persian Gulf The Persian Gulf, sometimes called the Arabian Gulf, is a Mediterranean seas, mediterranean sea in West Asia. The body of water is an extension of the Arabian Sea and the larger Indian Ocean located between Iran and the Arabian Peninsula.Un ...
coast) across the width of the
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to the
Red Sea The Red Sea is a sea inlet of the Indian Ocean, lying between Africa and Asia. Its connection to the ocean is in the south, through the Bab-el-Mandeb Strait and the Gulf of Aden. To its north lie the Sinai Peninsula, the Gulf of Aqaba, and th ...
. It was built during the Iran-Iraq war. The line was converted to carry natural gas, but was converted back to carry crude oil. The pipeline is actually twinned pipes, and as of 2018 had a capacity of 5 million BPD.


History

The pipeline was built in the 1980s, "amid fears that the Iran-Iraq war would cut off shipping through the
Strait of Hormuz The Strait of Hormuz ( ''Tangeh-ye Hormoz'' , ''Maḍīq Hurmuz'') is a strait between the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman. It provides the only sea passage from the Persian Gulf to the open ocean and is one of the world's most strategica ...
." The 2019 East–West Pipeline attack was a Houthi drone attack that targeted the Pipeline on 14 May 2019. The attack temporarily shut down the pipeline before it was reopened.


References

Oil pipelines in Saudi Arabia {{Pipeline-stub