ES PEVM (ЕС ПЭВМ) was a

Soviet The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national ...

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of the IBM PC in 1980s. The ES PEVM models lineup also included analogues of IBM PC XT, IBM PC AT, IBM XT/370. The computers and software were adapted in

Minsk Minsk ( be, Мінск ; russian: Минск) is the capital and the largest city of Belarus, located on the Svislach (Berezina), Svislach and the now subterranean Nyamiha, Niamiha rivers. As the capital, Minsk has a special administrative stat ...

Belarus Belarus,, , ; alternatively and formerly known as Byelorussia (from Russian ). officially the Republic of Belarus,; rus, Республика Беларусь, Respublika Belarus. is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by ...

, at the Scientific Research Institute of Electronic Computer Machines (НИИ ЭВМ). They were manufactured in Minsk as well, at Minsk Production Group for Computing Machinery (Минское производственное объединение вычислительной техники (МПО ВТ)).

Description

Soviet made personal computer EC-1849 with Intel 80286 compatible CPU

The first models of ES PEVM (ES-1840, ES-1841, ES-1842), unlike the IBM PC, had two units: a system unit and a floppy drives unit. These models used a backplane instead of the main board. Although the system bus was compatible with

ISA Isa or ISA may refer to: Places * Isa, Amur Oblast, Russia * Isa, Kagoshima, Japan * Isa, Nigeria * Isa District, Kagoshima, former district in Japan * Isa Town, middle class town located in Bahrain * Mount Isa, Queensland, Australia * Mount Is ...

bus, it used a different type of connector, so the IBM PC expansion cards could not be installed in ES PEVM. Later models (ES-1843, ES-1849 etc.) were fully compatible with IBM PC XT and IBM PC AT. Unlike IBM PC using the

Intel 8088 The Intel 8088 ("''eighty-eighty-eight''", also called iAPX 88) microprocessor is a variant of the Intel 8086. Introduced on June 1, 1979, the 8088 has an eight-bit external Bus (computing), data bus instead of the 16-bit computing, 16-bit bus of ...

processor, the early ES PEVM models used K1810VM86 processor with a 16-bit bus and a clock frequency of 5 MHz. The processor was placed on a separate board. Early versions of the board did not have a socket for the

floating point In computing, floating-point arithmetic (FP) is arithmetic that represents real numbers approximately, using an integer with a fixed precision, called the significand, scaled by an integer exponent of a fixed base. For example, 12.345 can be r ...

coprocessor. The following boards were produced for ES-1840 and ES-1841: *

CPU A central processing unit (CPU), also called a central processor, main processor or just processor, is the electronic circuitry that executes instructions comprising a computer program. The CPU performs basic arithmetic, logic, controlling, and ...

board (containing 54 chips). It was installed in every configuration of the computer. * 128 KiB RAM board. It was installed in early models of ES PEVM. * 512 KiB RAM board (containing 110 chips). Variants with 256 KiB or 128 Kib were available. * MDA adapter board (containing 91 chips). It was built using the Bulgarian CM607 chip ( MC6845 clone). * CGA adapter board (containing 94 chips). * Floppy-drive adapter board (containing 32 chips). It was built using the Bulgarian CM609 chip (Intel 8272 clone). * Serial interface adapter board (containing 56 chips). It was electrically incompatible with the IBM PC COM port and was not supported in the

BIOS In computing, BIOS (, ; Basic Input/Output System, also known as the System BIOS, ROM BIOS, BIOS ROM or PC BIOS) is firmware used to provide runtime services for operating systems and programs and to perform hardware initialization during the ...

. Volume of production for a number of models:

Software

The computers were shipped with AlphaDOS, an entirely Russified version of

MS-DOS MS-DOS ( ; acronym for Microsoft Disk Operating System, also known as Microsoft DOS) is an operating system for x86-based personal computers mostly developed by Microsoft. Collectively, MS-DOS, its rebranding as IBM PC DOS, and a few oper ...

/ PC DOS 2.x and 3.x. All

commands Command may refer to: Computing * Command (computing), a statement in a computer language * COMMAND.COM, the default operating system shell and command-line interpreter for DOS * Command key, a modifier key on Apple Macintosh computer keyboards * ...

were entered in Russian, for example, СМЕНКАТ for CHDIR. Files and file extensions were also in Russian, such as АТРИБ.ИСП for ATTRIB.EXE. The operating system used the main code page, hardwired into the display ROM; it was compatible neither with

CP 866 Code page 866 (CCSID 866) (CP 866, "DOS Cyrillic Russian") is a code page used under DOS and OS/2 in Russia to write Cyrillic script. It is based on the "alternative code page" (russian: Альтернативная кодировка) developed ...

nor CP 855, although partially with ISO/IEC 8859-5.

Reliability

Early models of ES PEVM were prone to failures due to manufacturing defects. The mean time between failures MTBF was around 350 hours.

References

IBM PC compatibles Science and technology in Belarus Ministry of Radio Industry (USSR) computers {{microcompu-stub

Description

Software

Reliability

See also

References