Denis-Simon de Marquemont (30 September 1572 – 16 September 1626) was a French

cleric Clergy are formal leaders within established religions. Their roles and functions vary in different religious traditions, but usually involve presiding over specific rituals and teaching their religion's doctrines and practices. Some of the ter ...

who became

Archbishop of Lyon The Archdiocese of Lyon (Latin: ''Archidiœcesis Lugdunensis''; French: ''Archidiocèse de Lyon''), formerly the Archdiocese of Lyon–Vienne–Embrun, is a Latin Church metropolitan archdiocese of the Catholic Church in France. The Archbishops ...

in 1612.

Early life

De Marquemont was born on 30 September 1572 in

Paris Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. S ...

France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pac ...

, where his father worked in the secretariat of the King."Denis-Simon de Marquemont", Musée du Diocèse e Lyon
/ref> He was educated at the

University of Paris , image_name = Coat of arms of the University of Paris.svg , image_size = 150px , caption = Coat of Arms , latin_name = Universitas magistrorum et scholarium Parisiensis , motto = ''Hic et ubique terrarum'' (Latin) , mottoeng = Here and a ...

and the

University of Angers The University of Angers (french: Université d'Angers; UA) is a public university in western France, with campuses in Angers, Cholet, and Saumur. It forms part of thAngers-Le Mans University Community History The University of Angers was init ...

and received a doctorate in '' utroque iure''.

Diplomat

In 1594 he travelled to

Rome , established_title = Founded , established_date = 753 BC , founder = King Romulus (legendary) , image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metropolitan city of Capital Rome, region Lazio, Italy).svg , map_caption ...

as secretary to

Jacques Davy Duperron Jacques Davy Duperron (15 November 1556 – 6 December 1618) was a French politician and Roman Catholic cardinal. Family and Education Jacques Davy du Perron was born in Saint-Lô in Normandy, into the Davy family, of the Norman minor nobility ...

, where with the help of Abbé Arnaud d'Ossat (1536–1604), later Cardinal d'Ossat (1599-1604), they obtained Henry IV's absolution from the status of relapsed heretic. When Duperron left Rome, de Maquemont remained behind, by order of King Henry, as counsellor to the French ambassador to the Holy See. At various times he was appointed acting ambassador and was so effective, the King determined that the regular ambassador should not make any significant decisions without de Marquemont's advice. In 1600, he and

Noël Brûlart de Sillery Noël Brûlart (or ''Brulart''"''Sillery''"
on Quebec toponymy commission.) de Sillery (1577 ...

went to

Florence Florence ( ; it, Firenze ) is a city in Central Italy and the capital city of the Tuscany region. It is the most populated city in Tuscany, with 383,083 inhabitants in 2016, and over 1,520,000 in its metropolitan area.Bilancio demografico an ...

to negotiate the marriage of

Marie de' Medici Marie de' Medici (french: link=no, Marie de Médicis, it, link=no, Maria de' Medici; 26 April 1575 – 3 July 1642) was Queen of France and Navarre as the second wife of King Henry IV of France of the House of Bourbon, and Regent of the Kingdom ...

Henry IV of France Henry IV (french: Henri IV; 13 December 1553 – 14 May 1610), also known by the epithets Good King Henry or Henry the Great, was King of Navarre (as Henry III) from 1572 and King of France from 1589 to 1610. He was the first monarc ...

.''Denis-Simon de Marquemont''
by S. Miranda (

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In 1617, he was appointed by King

Louis XIII Louis XIII (; sometimes called the Just; 27 September 1601 – 14 May 1643) was King of France from 1610 until his death in 1643 and King of Navarre (as Louis II) from 1610 to 1620, when the crown of Navarre was merged with the French crown ...

charge d'affaires with Pope Paul V, pending the appointment of an ambassador. He returned to France two years later, but was again sent to Rome in 1622 as assistant to the ambassador.

Ecclesiastic career

He was ordained a priest in 1603 for the diocese of Paris at the age of 31 and in 1612 he was appointed

. In 1616, de Marquemont caused some controversy when he decreed that sisters of the

Order of the Visitation of Holy Mary , image = Salesas-escut.gif , size = 175px , abbreviation = V.S.M. , nickname = Visitandines , motto = , formation = , founder = Saint Bishop Francis de ...

would no longer be allowed to live semi-

cloistered A cloister (from Latin ''claustrum'', "enclosure") is a covered walk, open gallery, or open arcade running along the walls of buildings and forming a quadrangle or garth. The attachment of a cloister to a cathedral or church, commonly against ...

lives but would instead be forced to "observe strict enclosure" like other female orders.''Boundaries of Faith: Catholics and Protestants in the Diocese of Geneva''
by Jill Fehleison (

Truman State University Press Truman State University (TSU or Truman) is a public university in Kirksville, Missouri. It had 4,225 enrolled students in the fall of 2021 pursuing degrees in 52 undergraduate and 11 graduate programs. The university is named for U.S. Presid ...

, 2011) This was despite his personal friendship with the order's founder,

Francis de Sales Francis de Sales (french: François de Sales; it, Francesco di Sales; 21 August 156728 December 1622) was a Bishop of Geneva and is revered as a saint in the Catholic Church. He became noted for his deep faith and his gentle approach to ...

. Also in 1616, priests of Bérulle's

Oratory of Jesus The Congregation of the Oratory of Jesus and Mary Immaculate (french: Société de l'Oratoire de Jésus et de Marie Immaculée, la, Congregatio Oratorii Iesu et Mariæ), best known as the French Oratory, is a society of apostolic life of Catho ...

moved to the Choir school; and the Carmel of Lyon was founded by Mère Marie de Jésus on the hill of

La Croix-Rousse La Croix-Rousse is a hill high in the city of Lyon, France, as well as the name of a neighborhood located on this hill. The neighborhood is divided into les pentes (slopes, belonging to the city's 1st arrondissement) and le plateau (atop the hil ...

. De Marquemont was elevated to cardinal on 19 January 1626 and was appointed Cardinal-Priest of the Church of

Trinità dei Monti The church of the Santissima Trinità dei Monti, often called merely the Trinità dei Monti ( French: ''La Trinité-des-Monts''), is a Roman Catholic late Renaissance titular church in Rome, central Italy. It is best known for its position above ...

the following month. He died on 16 September of that year.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Marquemont, Denis-Simon de 1572 births 1626 deaths 17th-century French cardinals Cardinals created by Pope Urban VIII Archbishops of Lyon