HOME

TheInfoList



OR:

Désiré Charles Emanuel van Monckhoven (1834–1882) was a Belgian
chemist A chemist (from Greek ''chēm(ía)'' alchemy; replacing ''chymist'' from Medieval Latin ''alchemist'') is a graduated scientist trained in the study of chemistry, or an officially enrolled student in the field. Chemists study the composition of ...
,
physicist A physicist is a scientist who specializes in the field of physics, which encompasses the interactions of matter and energy at all length and time scales in the physical universe. Physicists generally are interested in the root or ultimate cau ...
, and photographic researcher. He was also an inventor and author.Day, Lance ''et al.'' (1996)
''Biographical Dictionary of the History of Technology,'' p. 495.
/ref>


Background

Monckhoven studied chemistry and lived at Ghent, in the Flemish Region of Belgium. At 18 he published his ''Traite general de pbotographie'', In 1862 he published ''Traite populaire de photographie sur collodion''. He introduced the dialytic enlarger and in 1864 made improvements to David Acheson Woodward's solar camera used for making photographic enlargements. Monckhoven also studied photographic optics, publishing ''Photographische Optik'', in 1866. In 1867 he moved to Vienna and set up a studio with portrait photographer Rabending before returning to Ghent in 1870. Here he set up a laboratory where he carried out experiments in the ripening of gelatine silver bromide. ''Instruction sur le procede au gelatino-bromure d' argent'' was published in 1879 and ''Du gelatino-bromure d' argent'' in 1880.


Works

He wrote several of the earliest books on
photography Photography is the visual arts, art, application, and practice of creating images by recording light, either electronically by means of an image sensor, or chemically by means of a light-sensitive material such as photographic film. It is empl ...
and photographic optics. His original French works were later translated to English and other languages. He invented or developed an enlarger (1864),Hannavy, John. (2008)
''Encyclopedia of Nineteenth-century Photography,'' p. 1438.
/ref> a dry collodion process (1871), improvements of the carbon print process (1875–80), and improved silver-bromide gelatine emulsions. T3- d126 - Fig. 78. — Appareil d’agrandissement de M. Monckhoven.png, Enlarger T3- d127 - Fig. 79. — Effet de l’appareil de M. Monckhoven.png


Selected work

* 1857 – ''Méthodes simplifiées de photographie sur papier'' (Simplified methods of photography on paper). Paris : Marion. * 1858 – ''Procédé nouveau de photographie sur plaques de fer: et notice sur les vernis photographiques et le collodion sec'' (A new process of photography on ferrous plates). Paris : A. Gaudin
OCLC 7011879
* 1862 – ''Traité populaire de photographie sur collodion.'' Paris: Lieber
OCLC 17454826
* 1863 – ''A Popular Treatise on Photography: also A description of, and remarks on, The stereoscope and photographic optics'' (tr. W.H. Thornthwaite) London: Virtue Brothers
OCLC 17368038
''See'

* 1867 �
''Photographic Optics; Including the Description of Lenses and Enlarging Apparatus.''
London: Robert Hardwicke
OCLC 5332903
– reprinted by Arno Press, New York.
OCLC 4642259


See also

*
Diaphragm (optics) In optics, a diaphragm is a thin opaque structure with an opening ( aperture) at its center. The role of the diaphragm is to ''stop'' the passage of light, except for the light passing through the ''aperture''. Thus it is also called a stop (an ...
*
Ghent University Ghent University (, abbreviated as UGent) is a Public university, public research university located in Ghent, in the East Flanders province of Belgium. Located in Flanders, Ghent University is the second largest Belgian university, consisting o ...
*
History of the camera The history of the camera began even before the introduction of photography. Cameras evolved from the ''camera obscura'' through many generations of photographic technologydaguerreotypes, calotypes, dry plates, photographic film, filmto the mo ...
*
Royal Photographic Society The Royal Photographic Society of Great Britain, commonly known as the Royal Photographic Society (RPS), is the world's oldest photographic society having been in continuous existence since 1853. It was founded in London, England, in 1853 as th ...


Notes


References

* Beach, Frederick Converse
"Modern amateur photography,"
''
Harper's Magazine ''Harper's Magazine'' is a monthly magazine of literature, politics, culture, finance, and the arts. Launched in New York City in June 1850, it is the oldest continuously published monthly magazine in the United States. ''Harper's Magazine'' has ...
''. January 1889. pp. 288–297. * Day, Lance and Ian McNeil. (1996)
''Biographical Dictionary of the History of Technology.''
London:
Taylor & Francis Taylor & Francis Group is an international company originating in the United Kingdom that publishes books and academic journals. Its parts include Taylor & Francis, CRC Press, Routledge, F1000 (publisher), F1000 Research and Dovepress. It i ...
. * Hannavy, John. (2008)
''Encyclopedia of Nineteenth-century Photography.''
London: CRC Press. * "The Late Dr. Van Monckhoven," ''Nature''. Volume 26, Issue 677, pp. 601– 602 (October 1882).


External links


Monckhoven biographical note

Exhibitions of the Royal Photographic Society, 1870–1915: Exhibitor records, Dr. van Monckhoven, 1877
{{DEFAULTSORT:Monckhoven, Desire Van Optical engineers Belgian physicists Belgian chemists 19th-century Belgian inventors 1834 births 1882 deaths Ghent University alumni