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The Duna–Pogaya (Duna–Bogaia) languages are a proposed small
family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...
of
Trans–New Guinea languages Trans–New Guinea (TNG) is an extensive Language family, family of Papuan languages spoken on the island of New Guinea and neighboring islands, a region corresponding to the country Papua New Guinea as well as Western New Guinea, parts of Indone ...
in the classification of Voorhoeve (1975), Ross (2005) and Usher (2018), consisting of two languages, Duna and Bogaya, which in turn form a branch of the larger Trans–New Guinea family. ''Glottolog'', which is based largely on Usher, however finds the connections between the two languages to be tenuous, and the connection to TNG unconvincing.


Language contact

Duna has had significant influence on Bogaya due to the socioeconomic dominance of Duna speakers over the less populous, less influential Bogaya speakers. Duna also has much more influence from Huli (a widely spoken Trans-New Guinea language) at 27–32 percent lexical similarity with Huli, while Duna has only 5-10 percent.


Pronouns

Pronouns are: :


Vocabulary comparison

The following basic vocabulary words are from McElhanon & Voorhoeve (1970), Shaw (1973), and Shaw (1986), as cited in the Trans-New Guinea database. The words cited constitute translation equivalents, whether they are cognate (e.g. ''ɔwa'', ''hewa'' for “sun”) or not (e.g. ''fando'', ''tete'' for “louse”). :


Evolution

Duna reflexes of proto-Trans-New Guinea (pTNG) etyma are: *''amu'' ‘breast’ < *amu *''konane'' ‘ear’ < *kand(e,i)k(V] *''kuni'' ‘bone’ < *


References

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Duna-Pogaya languages Duna–Pogaya languages, Trans–New Guinea languages Languages of Papua New Guinea