This was a
Portuguese nobility
Nobility is a social class found in many societies that have an aristocracy. It is normally appointed by and ranked immediately below royalty. Nobility has often been an estate of the realm with many exclusive functions and characteristics. T ...
title
A title is one or more words used before or after a person's name, in certain contexts. It may signify their generation, official position, military rank, professional or academic qualification, or nobility. In some languages, titles may be ins ...
granted by King
Luís I of Portugal
Dom (title), ''Dom'' Luís I (; 31 October 1838 – 19 October 1889), known as "the Popular" (Portuguese language, Portuguese: ''o Popular'') was King of Portugal from 1861 to 1889.
Luís was a member of the ruling House of Braganza. The second ...
to
António José de Ávila, 1st Duke of Ávila and Bolama, a remarkable
Portuguese politician and
ambassador
An ambassador is an official envoy, especially a high-ranking diplomat who represents a state and is usually accredited to another sovereign state or to an international organization as the resident representative of their own government or so ...
during the liberal period.
Originally, the title was granted, in 1864 as Count of Ávila (in Portuguese ''Conde de Ávila'') and it was successively upgraded, by the same King, to Marquis of Ávila and Bolama (''Marquês de Ávila e Bolama'') in 1870, and finally by a royal decree dated from May 14, 1878, to Duke of Ávila and Bolama (''Duque de Ávila e Bolama'').
This was the first
Dukedom to be granted to a commoner; in
Portugal
Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic, is a country on the Iberian Peninsula in Southwestern Europe. Featuring Cabo da Roca, the westernmost point in continental Europe, Portugal borders Spain to its north and east, with which it share ...
the title of
Duke
Duke is a male title either of a monarch ruling over a duchy, or of a member of Royal family, royalty, or nobility. As rulers, dukes are ranked below emperors, kings, grand princes, grand dukes, and above sovereign princes. As royalty or nobi ...
was traditionally granted to members of high nobility and especially to members of the royal family, such as the second sons of monarchs.
List of dukes, marquesses and counts
#
António José de Ávila (1806-1881), 1st Count of Ávila (1864), 1st Marquis of Ávila and Bolama (1870), 1st Duke of Ávila and Bolama (1878);
#
António José de Ávila (1842-1917), nephew of the 1st Duke. 2nd Count of Ávila and 2nd Marquis of Ávila and Bolama. 33rd
Mayor of Lisbon
This is a list of mayors of Lisbon (, literally: "President of the Municipal Chamber of Lisbon", and also , literally: "President of the Municipality of Lisbon"), the capital city of Portugal, and also the most populated.
This office is considere ...
(1901-1903);
#Manuel de Carvalho de Ávila (1876-1979), inherited from his uncle the title of 3rd Count of Ávila.
See also
*
Dukedoms in Portugal
The highest hereditary title in the Portuguese nobility. By tradition, there are a total of five royal and seven non-royal dukes in Portugal, out of 28 dukedoms that have ever been created. In the majority of cases, the title of duke was attribut ...
*
List of prime ministers of Portugal
*
List of mayors of Lisbon
This is a list of mayors of Lisbon (, literally: "President of the Municipal Chamber of Lisbon", and also , literally: "President of the Municipality of Lisbon"), the capital city of Portugal, and also the most populated.
This office is considere ...
External links
Genealogy of the Dukes of Ávila and Bolama, in PortugueseGenealogy of the Marquesses of Ávila and Bolama, in PortugueseGenealogy of the Counts of Ávila, in Portuguese
Bibliography
”Nobreza de Portugal e do Brasil" – Vol. II, pages 348/351. Published by Zairol Lda., Lisbon 1989.
{{DEFAULTSORT:Avila
Dukedoms of Portugal
Avila
Horta, Azores
1864 establishments in Portugal