The Dubăsari District () is a

district A district is a type of administrative division that in some countries is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or county, counties, several municipality, municip ...

in the east of

Moldova Moldova, officially the Republic of Moldova, is a Landlocked country, landlocked country in Eastern Europe, with an area of and population of 2.42 million. Moldova is bordered by Romania to the west and Ukraine to the north, east, and south. ...

, with the administrative center at

Cocieri Cocieri is a commune in the Republic of Moldova, and the administrative center of Dubăsari District. It is located on the eastern bank of the Dniester River, consisting of two villages, ''Cocieri'' and ''Vasilievca''. During 1992 War of Transn ...

. As of January 1, 2011, its population was 35,200. This does not include the 715 people that live in the village of Roghi, which is controlled by the breakaway Tiraspol authorities. ''Dubăsari'' means ferry-arks (see coat of arms).

History

The territory which today is part of Dubăsari district has been inhabited since the

Stone Age The Stone Age was a broad prehistory, prehistoric period during which Rock (geology), stone was widely used to make stone tools with an edge, a point, or a percussion surface. The period lasted for roughly 3.4 million years and ended b ...

(50–30000 years BC). Location of the earliest documentary attestation of the district is Corjova, first attested in 1362. Other town with old certificate is Holercani village certified in 1464. This region is part of the

Grand Duchy of Lithuania The Grand Duchy of Lithuania was a sovereign state in northeastern Europe that existed from the 13th century, succeeding the Kingdom of Lithuania, to the late 18th century, when the territory was suppressed during the 1795 Partitions of Poland, ...

during 1386–1434. In 1393-1812 the part of district, situated on the right, of the Nistru is part of the Principality of Moldova. In this period to develop the economy (trade, agriculture), as population increases. In 1790, the part of district, situated on the left of Nistru is occupied by the

Russian Empire The Russian Empire was an empire that spanned most of northern Eurasia from its establishment in November 1721 until the proclamation of the Russian Republic in September 1917. At its height in the late 19th century, it covered about , roughl ...

had the same fate of Basarabia in 1812. In 1918, after the collapse of the Russian Empire, Basarabia united with Romania, but the part of district on the left of Nistru, is part of the

Moldavian ASSR The Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, shortened to Moldavian ASSR, was an Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republics, autonomous republic of the Ukrainian SSR between 12 October 1924 and 2 August 1940, encompassing the modern territory ...

, part of

Ukrainian SSR The Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, abbreviated as the Ukrainian SSR, UkrSSR, and also known as Soviet Ukraine or just Ukraine, was one of the Republics of the Soviet Union, constituent republics of the Soviet Union from 1922 until 1991. ...

. In 1940 after the Molotov–Ribbentrop Treaty, Basarabia is occupied by the

USSR The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...

. In 1991 as a result of the proclamation of Independence of Moldova, district is part of

. In 1992, the district is the focus, the Moldovan-Russian War of

Transnistria Transnistria, officially known as the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic and locally as Pridnestrovie, is a Landlocked country, landlocked Transnistria conflict#International recognition of Transnistria, breakaway state internationally recogn ...

. Following the war, the district is divided into two: one controlled by the Republic of Moldova and the

separatist Separatism is the advocacy of cultural, ethnic, tribal, religious, racial, regional, governmental, or gender separation from the larger group. As with secession, separatism conventionally refers to full political separation. Groups simply seekin ...

-controlled part of the authorities in Tiraspol, which includes Dubăsari. District is part of the Chişinău County (1991–2003), and in 2003 became administrative unit of Moldova.

Geography

Dubăsari district is located in the central part of Moldova. It has proximity to: Orhei District in north west, south-west Criuleni District, Dubăsari District (separatist territory) in the east. The landscape is predominantly plain (Dniester Middle Plain), but is in the northern part of district high altitude over , Dniester Plateau.

Erosion Erosion is the action of surface processes (such as Surface runoff, water flow or wind) that removes soil, Rock (geology), rock, or dissolved material from one location on the Earth's crust#Crust, Earth's crust and then sediment transport, tran ...

processes with a low intensity. For the district are characteristic of soil types: chernozem (80%), brown soil, gray soil and

alluvial Alluvium (, ) is loose clay, silt, sand, or gravel that has been deposited by running water in a stream bed, on a floodplain, in an alluvial fan or beach, or in similar settings. Alluvium is also sometimes called alluvial deposit. Alluvium is ...

Climate

The climate is of a transition from maritime climate of

Western Europe Western Europe is the western region of Europe. The region's extent varies depending on context. The concept of "the West" appeared in Europe in juxtaposition to "the East" and originally applied to the Western half of the ancient Mediterranean ...

, to temperate- continental

Eastern Europe Eastern Europe is a subregion of the Europe, European continent. As a largely ambiguous term, it has a wide range of geopolitical, geographical, ethnic, cultural and socio-economic connotations. Its eastern boundary is marked by the Ural Mountain ...

. Summer is warm and long, with average temperature of in July and the winter is mild with average January temperature . Rainfall ranges from . For 10 years, three are dry.

Fauna

The fauna is typical of Central Europe and includes fox,

hedgehog A hedgehog is a spiny mammal of the subfamily Erinaceinae, in the eulipotyphlan family Erinaceidae. There are 17 species of hedgehog in five genera found throughout parts of Europe, Asia, and Africa, and in New Zealand by introduction. The ...

wild boar The wild boar (''Sus scrofa''), also known as the wild swine, common wild pig, Eurasian wild pig, or simply wild pig, is a Suidae, suid native to much of Eurasia and North Africa, and has been introduced to the Americas and Oceania. The speci ...

deer A deer (: deer) or true deer is a hoofed ruminant ungulate of the family Cervidae (informally the deer family). Cervidae is divided into subfamilies Cervinae (which includes, among others, muntjac, elk (wapiti), red deer, and fallow deer) ...

, wild cat,

otter Otters are carnivorous mammals in the subfamily Lutrinae. The 13 extant otter species are all semiaquatic, aquatic, or marine. Lutrinae is a branch of the Mustelidae family, which includes weasels, badgers, mink, and wolverines, among ...

mink Mink are dark-colored, semiaquatic, carnivorous mammals of the genera ''Neogale'' and '' Mustela'' and part of the family Mustelidae, which also includes weasels, otters, and ferrets. There are two extant species referred to as "mink": the A ...

, raccoon dog and others. Of birds there are wild duck,

egret Egrets ( ) are herons, generally long-legged wading birds, that have white or buff plumage, developing fine plumes (usually milky white) during the breeding season. Egrets are not a biologically distinct group from herons and have the same build ...

crow A crow is a bird of the genus ''Corvus'', or more broadly, a synonym for all of ''Corvus''. The word "crow" is used as part of the common name of many species. The related term "raven" is not linked scientifically to any certain trait but is rathe ...

quail Quail is a collective name for several genera of mid-sized birds generally placed in the order Galliformes. The collective noun for a group of quail is a flock, covey, or bevy. Old World quail are placed in the family Phasianidae, and New ...

starling Starlings are small to medium-sized passerine (perching) birds known for the often dark, glossy iridescent sheen of their plumage; their complex vocalizations including mimicking; and their distinctive, often elaborate swarming behavior, know ...

swallow The swallows, martins, and saw-wings, or Hirundinidae are a family of passerine songbirds found around the world on all continents, including occasionally in Antarctica. Highly adapted to aerial feeding, they have a distinctive appearance. The ...

and more.

Flora

Forests occupy 7.5% of the district and include oak,

hornbeam Hornbeams are hardwood trees in the plant genus ''Carpinus'' in the family Betulaceae. Its species occur across much of the temperateness, temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Common names The common English name ''hornbeam'' derives ...

, linden, ash,

maple ''Acer'' is a genus of trees and shrubs commonly known as maples. The genus is placed in the soapberry family Sapindaceae.Stevens, P. F. (2001 onwards). Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Version 9, June 2008 nd more or less continuously updated si ...

and others.

Plant Plants are the eukaryotes that form the Kingdom (biology), kingdom Plantae; they are predominantly Photosynthesis, photosynthetic. This means that they obtain their energy from sunlight, using chloroplasts derived from endosymbiosis with c ...

s include

fescue ''Festuca'' (fescue) is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the grass family Poaceae (subfamily Pooideae). They are evergreen or herbaceous perennial tufted grasses with a height range of and a cosmopolitan distribution, occurring on every ...

, mugwort,

bell A bell /ˈbɛl/ () is a directly struck idiophone percussion instrument. Most bells have the shape of a hollow cup that when struck vibrates in a single strong strike tone, with its sides forming an efficient resonator. The strike may be m ...

lentils The lentil (''Vicia lens'' or ''Lens culinaris'') is an annual plant, annual legume grown for its Lens (geometry), lens-shaped edible seeds or ''pulses'', also called ''lentils''. It is about tall, and the seeds grow in Legume, pods, usually w ...

and more.

Rivers

Dubăsari district is located in the

Dniester The Dniester ( ) is a transboundary river in Eastern Europe. It runs first through Ukraine and then through Moldova (from which it more or less separates the breakaway territory of Transnistria), finally discharging into the Black Sea on Uk ...

river basin. Nistru crosses district from north to south. In 1954 following the construction of Dubăsari hydroelectric power plant, was formed Dubăsari Reservoir, with an area of and a length of .

Administrative subdivisions

This is the only district in Moldova without cities. There are a total of 15 localities: 11 communes (containing further 4 villages within): *

(pop. 4,336) ** * Corjova (pop. 3,231) ** Mahala *

Coșnița Coșnița is a commune located in Dubăsari District of the Republic of Moldova, on the eastern bank of the Dniester, River Dniester. It consists of two villages, ''Coșnița'' and ''Pohrebea'' (; , ''Pogrebya''). During the 1992 War of Transnist ...

(pop. 5,699) ** Pohrebea * Doroțcaia (pop. 3,206) * Holercani (pop. 2,522) * Marcăuți (pop. 730) * Molovata (pop. 2,936) * Molovata Nouă (pop. 1,851 w/o Roghi) ** Roghi (pop. 715) * Oxentea (pop. 2,794) * Pîrîta (pop. 3,415) * Ustia (pop. 3,295) Ustia, Holercani, Marcăuți, Oxentea, and Molovata are situated on the western (right) bank of the river Nistru, while the other 10 villages on the eastern bank. Six of the latter (

, , Corjova, Mahala, Molovata Nouă, and Roghi) are situated north of the city of Dubăsari, itself under the control of the separatist authorities of

, and the remaining four ( Pîrîta,

, Pohrebea, and Doroțcaia) south of the city. The village of Vasilievca, as well as considerable parts of the farmland of the villages of

, Roghi, and Doroțcaia are situated east of the Tiraspol– Dubăsari– Rîbnița road.

Demographics

Births Birth is the act or process of bearing or bringing forth offspring, also referred to in technical contexts as parturition. In mammals, the process is initiated by hormones which cause the muscular walls of the uterus to contract, expelling the f ...

(2010): 415 (11.8 per 1000) *

Deaths Death is the end of life; the irreversible cessation of all biological functions that sustain a living organism. Death eventually and inevitably occurs in all organisms. The remains of a former organism normally begin to decompose sho ...

(2010): 426 (12.1 per 1000) *Growth rate (2010): -11 (-0.3 per 1000)

Ethnic groups

''Footnote'': * There is an ongoing controversy regarding the ethnic identification of Moldovans and Romanians.

Religion

Christians A Christian () is a person who follows or adheres to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. Christians form the largest religious community in the world. The words '' Christ'' and ''C ...

- 98.0% ** Orthodox Christians - 97.9% **

Protestant Protestantism is a branch of Christianity that emphasizes Justification (theology), justification of sinners Sola fide, through faith alone, the teaching that Salvation in Christianity, salvation comes by unmerited Grace in Christianity, divin ...

( Evangelicals) - 0.1% *Other - 1.8% *No Religion - 0.2%

Transportation

Specialized automobile companies, transported by bus routes for general use 35,400 passengers or 1.4 times higher than during the previous year. District is served by seven economic providers of public transport services through 12 inter-urban routes and two local routes.

Politics

Traditional Dubăsari district, political and electoral support PCRM unlike the central part of Moldova. This is explained by the fact that this in district was born former Moldovan President

Vladimir Voronin Vladimir Voronin (; born Vladimir Bujeniță, 25 May 1941) is a Moldovan politician. He was the third President of Moldova#Republic of Moldova (1991–present), President of Moldova from 2001 until 2009 and has been the leader of the Party of ...

, president in 2001–2009. But the last three elections

communists Communism () is a sociopolitical, philosophical, and economic ideology within the socialist movement, whose goal is the creation of a communist society, a socioeconomic order centered on common ownership of the means of production, d ...

is a continuous fall in percentage. District is member of Euroregion Dniester. During the last three elections AEI had an increase of 116.0%

Economy

Industry is represented by 17 companies including SA ' Cannery in Cosnita "SA" Miner ", LLC" ELECOM Plus ", LLC" Tiraston "LLC" Victoria products, "SRL" food oil, "SRL" Cereal

Pirita Pirita is one of the eight administrative districts () of Tallinn, the capital of Estonia. Pirita occupies a relatively large area, but compared to other districts of Tallinn its population of 17,592 (as of 1 November 2014) is relatively small. ...

", LLC" Daro-D ", LLC" Maxlinie MCS "LLC" MoldnisGrup "II" Royal Mill, "II" Ivanov etc., where 260 people are employed. The average wage in the industrial sector is the Dubăsari 2100 lei. In agriculture operating 25 businesses, 6 agricultural production

cooperatives A cooperative (also known as co-operative, coöperative, co-op, or coop) is "an autonomous association of persons united voluntarily to meet their common economic, social and cultural needs and aspirations through a jointly owned and democr ...

, and farms 1167. In this sector 29.7% of the employed population working in the district economy. The coefficient of land consolidation is 80%. Exploitation of about 35% of the

arable land Arable land (from the , "able to be ploughed") is any land capable of being ploughed and used to grow crops.''Oxford English Dictionary'', "arable, ''adj''. and ''n.''" Oxford University Press (Oxford), 2013. Alternatively, for the purposes of a ...

of the district is carried out under very difficult because of the separatist authorities, which blocks the transition to land. Failure harvest processing and collection of land beyond the path that causes direct losses and have adverse consequences for agriculture and economy of the district.

Education

The district operates 12

preschools A preschool (sometimes spelled as pre school or pre-school), also known as nursery school, pre-primary school, play school, is an educational establishment or learning space offering early childhood education to children before they begin c ...

and 15 pre-university education institutions, of which 11 are local subordinate (8 secondary schools, 7

high schools A secondary school, high school, or senior school, is an institution that provides secondary education. Some secondary schools provide both ''lower secondary education'' (ages 11 to 14) and ''upper secondary education'' (ages 14 to 18), i.e., b ...

) and four institutions are subordinated to the

Ministry of Education An education ministry is a national or subnational government agency politically responsible for education. Various other names are commonly used to identify such agencies, such as Ministry of Education, Department of Education, and Ministry of Pub ...

, of which Roghi and Corjova gymnasium, the

Lyceum The lyceum is a category of educational institution defined within the education system of many countries, mainly in Europe. The definition varies among countries; usually it is a type of secondary school. Basic science and some introduction to ...

Dubăsari teaches students from 13 localities, high school Doroţcaia in working in shifts.

Kindergartens Kindergarten is a preschool educational approach based on playing, singing, practical activities such as drawing, and social interaction as part of the transition from home to school. Such institutions were originally made in the late 18th cent ...

in the district are attended by 1360 children and pre-university education institutions in 4776 to teach students literacy being 99.8%. School success is characterized by an average of 7.07 and 7.03 in secondary schools in high schools. In those institutions working in total 431 staff. Pupils per teacher ratio is the 11.08 students.

Elections

, - !style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=center colspan="2" valign=center, Parties and coalitions !style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=Votes !style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=% !style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=+/− , - , , align=left,

Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova The Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova (, PCRM) is a communist party in Moldova led by Vladimir Voronin. It is the only communist party to have held a majority government in a post-Soviet state. It has been variously described as Com ...

, align="right", 10,468 , align="right", 62.30 , align="right", −5.62 , - , , align=left, Liberal Democratic Party of Moldova , align="right", 2,743 , align="right", 16.32 , align="right", +7.77 , - , , align=left, Democratic Party of Moldova , align="right", 1,531 , align="right", 9,11 , align="right", +0.43 , - , , align=left,

Liberal Party The Liberal Party is any of many political parties around the world. The meaning of ''liberal'' varies around the world, ranging from liberal conservatism on the right to social liberalism on the left. For example, while the political systems ...

, align="right", 926 , align="right", 5.51 , align="right", −2.00 , - , bgcolor=#0033cc, , align=left, European Action Movement , align="right", 459 , align="right", 2.73 , align="right", +2.73 , - , , align=left, Party Alliance Our Moldova , align="right", 175 , align="right", 1.04 , align="right", −3.51 , - , bgcolor="grey", , align=left, Other Party , align="right", 506 , align="right", 2.99 , align="right", +0.20 , - , align=left style="background-color:#E9E9E9" colspan="2", Total (turnout 59.10%) , width="30" align="right" style="background-color:#E9E9E9", 16,935 , width="30" align="right" style="background-color:#E9E9E9", 100.00 , width="30" align="right" style="background-color:#E9E9E9",

Culture

In the district there are 12 cultural centers, 17 libraries, including six for children, two music schools, art schools 3, 2 museums, 75 historical monuments. The total number of workers of culture is 150. Number of cultural groups who hold honorary title "training model" is 53. Worker's average monthly salary of culture in 2009 constituted 1230. In studying art schools around 347 students annually. The total is 137,500 copies of books. Of the 17 libraries 15 are provided with heat.

Health

The health system operates the Central hospital district, district clinic, dental clinic, hygiene and

epidemiology Epidemiology is the study and analysis of the distribution (who, when, and where), patterns and Risk factor (epidemiology), determinants of health and disease conditions in a defined population, and application of this knowledge to prevent dise ...

center, rural district hospitals in villages Doibani and Ţîbuleuca.

Tourism

Scythia Scythia (, ) or Scythica (, ) was a geographic region defined in the ancient Graeco-Roman world that encompassed the Pontic steppe. It was inhabited by Scythians, an ancient Eastern Iranian equestrian nomadic people. Etymology The names ...

n tombs of Pohrebea * Church of Pohrebea (18th century) *15 secular pedunculate oaks

References

General description of Dubăsari district

District site

District population per year

Results of 2010 Parliamentary election
{{DEFAULTSORT:Dubasari District Districts of Moldova