Dover, Massachusetts
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Dover is a town in Norfolk County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 5,923 at the time of the 2020 United States Census. With a median household income of more than $250,000, Dover is the wealthiest town in Massachusetts. Located about southwest of downtown
Boston Boston is the capital and most populous city in the Commonwealth (U.S. state), Commonwealth of Massachusetts in the United States. The city serves as the cultural and Financial centre, financial center of New England, a region of the Northeas ...
, Dover is a residential town nestled on the south banks of the
Charles River The Charles River (Massachusett language, Massachusett: ), sometimes called the River Charles or simply the Charles, is an river in eastern Massachusetts. It flows northeast from Hopkinton, Massachusetts, Hopkinton to Boston along a highly me ...
. Almost all of the residential zoning requires or larger. As recently as the early 1960s, 75% of its annual town budget was allocated to
snow removal Snow removal or snow clearing is the job of removing snow after a snowfall to make travel easier and safer. This is done both by individual households and by governments institutions, and commercial businesses. De-icing and anti-icing De-icin ...
, as only of the town's roads are
state highway A state highway, state road, or state route (and the equivalent provincial highway, provincial road, or provincial route) is usually a road that is either Route number, numbered or maintained by a sub-national state or province. A road numbered ...
. Dover is bordered by Natick, Wellesley and Needham to the north, Westwood to the east, Walpole and Medfield to the south, and Sherborn to the west. For geographic and demographic information on the
census-designated place A census-designated place (CDP) is a Place (United States Census Bureau), concentration of population defined by the United States Census Bureau for statistical purposes only. CDPs have been used in each decennial census since 1980 as the counte ...
Dover, please see the article Dover (CDP),
Massachusetts Massachusetts ( ; ), officially the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Maine to its east, Connecticut and Rhode ...
.


History

The first recorded settlement of Dover was in 1640. It was later established as the Springfield Parish of Dedham in 1748, and incorporated as District Dedham in 1784. Dover was officially incorporated as a town in 1836. The Benjamin Caryl House, at 107 Dedham St., dates from about 1777 and was the home of Dover's first minister, Benjamin Caryl, his son George, who was the town's first doctor, and their descendants until 1897. It has been owned by the town and operated by the Historical Society since 1920. The house retains its architectural integrity and has been carefully restored to reflect life in the 1790s when the first two Caryl families lived and worked there together. The Sawin Building has housed thousands of Dover relics, books, photographs and artifacts since the beginning of the 20th century. Benjamin and Eudora Sawin willed land and funds into the Dover Historical Society along with their old household goods so that the building could be erected, and it was dedicated on May 14, 1907, by members and friends of the society. In the early years, it was used for meetings and to house Dover's historical memorabilia, but eventually members became disenchanted with the society and the building was seldom opened. In the 1960s, there was a renewed interest which led to the general overhaul and refurbishing of the building. The Sawin Museum, located at the corner of Centre and Dedham Streets in Dover Center, is owned and operated by the Dover Historical Society and is open to the public free of charge.


Geography

According to the
United States Census Bureau The United States Census Bureau, officially the Bureau of the Census, is a principal agency of the Federal statistical system, U.S. federal statistical system, responsible for producing data about the American people and American economy, econ ...
, the town has a total area of 15.4 square miles (39.9 km2), of which 15.3 square miles (39.7 km2) is land and 0.1 square miles (0.2 km2) (0.52%) is water. It is bordered by the towns of Natick, Wellesley, Needham, Westwood, Walpole, Medfield and Sherborn.


Demographics

At the 2000
census A census (from Latin ''censere'', 'to assess') is the procedure of systematically acquiring, recording, and calculating population information about the members of a given Statistical population, population, usually displayed in the form of stati ...
, there were 5,558 people, 1,849 households and 1,567 families residing in the town. The
population density Population density (in agriculture: Standing stock (disambiguation), standing stock or plant density) is a measurement of population per unit land area. It is mostly applied to humans, but sometimes to other living organisms too. It is a key geog ...
was . There were 1,884 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup was 95.18%
White White is the lightest color and is achromatic (having no chroma). It is the color of objects such as snow, chalk, and milk, and is the opposite of black. White objects fully (or almost fully) reflect and scatter all the visible wa ...
, 0.41%
Black Black is a color that results from the absence or complete absorption of visible light. It is an achromatic color, without chroma, like white and grey. It is often used symbolically or figuratively to represent darkness.Eva Heller, ''P ...
or
African American African Americans, also known as Black Americans and formerly also called Afro-Americans, are an Race and ethnicity in the United States, American racial and ethnic group that consists of Americans who have total or partial ancestry from an ...
, 0.04% Native American (2 people), 3.63% Asian, 0.02%
Pacific Islander Pacific Islanders, Pasifika, Pasefika, Pacificans, or rarely Pacificers are the peoples of the list of islands in the Pacific Ocean, Pacific Islands. As an ethnic group, ethnic/race (human categorization), racial term, it is used to describe th ...
, 0.05% from other races, and 0.67% from two or more races.
Hispanic The term Hispanic () are people, Spanish culture, cultures, or countries related to Spain, the Spanish language, or broadly. In some contexts, Hispanic and Latino Americans, especially within the United States, "Hispanic" is used as an Ethnici ...
or Latino residents of any race were 1.19% of the population (approximately 105 people). There were 1,849 households, of which 46.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 77.0% were
married couples Marriage, also called matrimony or wedlock, is a culturally and often legally recognised union between people called spouses. It establishes rights and obligations between them, as well as between them and their children (if any), and b ...
living together, 5.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 15.2% were non-families. 12.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.01 and the average family size was 3.29. 31.6% of the population were under the age of 18, 3.7% from 18 to 24, 23.9% from 25 to 44, 29.6% from 45 to 64, and 11.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.8 males. The
median household income The median income is the income amount that divides a population into two groups, half having an income above that amount, and half having an income below that amount. It may differ from the mean (or average) income. Both of these are ways of und ...
was $141,818 and the median family income was $157,168. Males had a median income of $100,000 and females $56,473. The
per capita income Per capita income (PCI) or average income measures the average income earned per person in a given area (city, region, country, etc.) in a specified year. In many countries, per capita income is determined using regular population surveys, such ...
was $64,899. About 2.3% of families and 3.0% of the population were below the
poverty line The poverty threshold, poverty limit, poverty line, or breadline is the minimum level of income deemed adequate in a particular country. The poverty line is usually calculated by estimating the total cost of one year's worth of necessities for ...
, including 2.5% of those under age 18 and 7.1% of those age 65 or over.


Politics

Historically, Dover was one of the few communities in metropolitan Boston to have more registered Republicans than Democrats, with the most recent Republican nominee winning the town being former Massachusetts governor,
Mitt Romney Willard Mitt Romney (born March 12, 1947) is an American businessman and retired politician. He served as a United States Senate, United States senator from Utah from 2019 to 2025 and as the 70th governor of Massachusetts from 2003 to 2007 ...
in 2012, defeating
Barack Obama Barack Hussein Obama II (born August 4, 1961) is an American politician who was the 44th president of the United States from 2009 to 2017. A member of the Democratic Party, he was the first African American president in American history. O ...
56% to 43%. However, as of 2021 the town had more registered Democrats than Republicans. In 2016, the town flipped, with Democrat
Hillary Clinton Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton ( Rodham; born October 26, 1947) is an American politician, lawyer and diplomat. She was the 67th United States secretary of state in the administration of Barack Obama from 2009 to 2013, a U.S. senator represent ...
defeating Republican
Donald Trump Donald John Trump (born June 14, 1946) is an American politician, media personality, and businessman who is the 47th president of the United States. A member of the Republican Party (United States), Republican Party, he served as the 45 ...
by 57% to 32%. In 2020,
Joe Biden Joseph Robinette Biden Jr. (born November 20, 1942) is an American politician who was the 46th president of the United States from 2021 to 2025. A member of the Democratic Party (United States), Democratic Party, he served as the 47th vice p ...
improved Clinton's margin by 16 points, winning it 69% to 28%.


Climate

In a typical year, Dover, Massachusetts temperatures fall below for 195 days per year. Annual precipitation is typically 46.9 inches per year and snow covers the ground 52 days per year, or 14.2% of the year (high for the US). It may be helpful to understand the yearly precipitation by imagining nine straight days of moderate rain per year. The humidity is below 60% for approximately 25.4 days, or 7.0% of the year.


Education

Dover's public schools are considered among the best in Massachusetts. According to research conducted by ''Boston'' magazine in 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018 and 2019, the town's schools scored No. 1 in the state. Dover has three public schools: Chickering Elementary School (grades K–5), Dover-Sherborn Middle School (grades 6–8) and Dover-Sherborn High School (grades 9–12). The private, independent Charles River School (grades Pre-K–8) is located in the town's center. Located near Caryl Park and the entrance to Noanet Woodlands (also known as Miss Peabody's Woods), Chickering School is under the elected Dover School Committee, while the two secondary schools are the responsibility of the regional school system, under the elected Dover-Sherborn Regional School Committee, with costs and governance shared with the neighboring town of Sherborn. The regional schools share a campus on Farm Street in Dover, near the borders with Sherborn and Medfield. Dover-Sherborn High School has impressive results with regards to graduation rates, college admission rates and standardized and Advanced Placement exam scores. DSHS was ranked third in cost efficiency and seventh in academic performance by ''Boston'' magazine. ''U.S. News & World Report'' named Dover-Sherborn a Gold Medal School, ranking it 65th in the US. Dover used to have two elementary schools, Chickering for grades K to 3, and Caryl Elementary School for grades 4 to 6. In 1970, Caryl School was gutted by fire. It was rebuilt and remained open until finally being closed in 2001 after the expansion of Chickering. The Caryl School's building is now in the process of being renovated into a community center.


Notable people

* Ian Bowles, environmentalist, businessman, politician, and former Massachusetts Secretary of Energy and Environmental Affairs * Katherine Doherty, child actress * Joseph F. Enright, submarine captain in the United States Navy, commanded the USS ''Archer-Fish'' and sank the Japanese aircraft carrier ''Shinano'' * Kenny Florian, UFC fighter, Fox/UFC analyst * Carl J. Gilbert, United States trade representative from 1969 to 1971 * Adam Granofsky (stage name Adam Granduciel), American guitarist, singer, songwriter and record producer, lead singer of the band The War on Drugs * Jeffrey Harrison, poet * Mark Hollingsworth, Bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio * Brian Hoyer, Quarterback of the New England Patriots * Bob Lobel, local news sportscaster * Don MacTavish, stock car driver and winner of the 1966 NASCAR Sportsman Series Championship * Melinda McGraw, actress * Dorothy Morkis, Olympic medal-winning equestrian * Chris Murray, minor league ice hockey player * George O'Day, Olympic gold medal-winning sailor, 2-time winner of the America's Cup, Sailing Hall of Fame, founder of O'Day Boats * Bohdan Pomahač, plastic surgeon who led the team that performed the first full face transplant in the United States * Matthew A. Reynolds,
Assistant Secretary of State for Legislative Affairs The assistant secretary of state for legislative affairs is the head of the Bureau of Legislative Affairs within the United States Department of State. List of assistant secretaries of state for legislative affairs References External links ...
*
Leverett Saltonstall Leverett Atholville Saltonstall (September 1, 1892June 17, 1979) was an American lawyer and politician from Massachusetts. He served three two-year terms as the List of Governors of Massachusetts, 55th Governor of Massachusetts, and for more th ...
, U.S. Senator * George P. Sanger, lawyer, editor, judge, and businessman * Francis W. Sargent, Governor * Brian Scalabrine, former NBA player and broadcaster * Milt Schmidt, former player, coach and general manager of the Boston Bruins, member of the Hockey Hall of Fame * Ronald B. Scott, journalist, biographer of W. Mitt Romney, and author of the novel ''Closing Circles: Trapped in the Everlasting Mormon Moment'' * Jeff Serowik, former Boston Bruins player * John Smith, American football placekicker * Karen Stives, Olympic medal-winning equestrian * Dominique Wilkins, former professional basketball player and NBA Hall of Famer


Historic places

* Benjamin Caryl House (1777) * Elm Bank Horticulture Center (1876)


Dover Sun House

Dover Sun House was one of the world's first solar-heated houses, it was designed in 1948 by architect Eleanor Raymond and had a unique heating system developed by physicist Mária Telkes. The project was funded by
philanthropist Philanthropy is a form of altruism that consists of "private initiatives for the public good, focusing on quality of life". Philanthropy contrasts with business initiatives, which are private initiatives for private good, focusing on material ...
and
sculptor Sculpture is the branch of the visual arts that operates in three dimensions. Sculpture is the three-dimensional art work which is physically presented in the dimensions of height, width and depth. It is one of the plastic arts. Durable sc ...
Amelia Peabody, and built on her property in Dover, Massachusetts. Dover Sun House was demolished in 2010.


Popular culture

Dover is known for the Dover Demon, a creature supposedly sighted in three separate incidents on April 21 and 22, 1977.


References


External links

*
Dover Days Gone By: The Cyber-Millenium Edition
history collection
Dover Town Library
{{authority control Towns in Norfolk County, Massachusetts Populated places established in 1635 Towns in Massachusetts 1635 establishments in the Massachusetts Bay Colony