Dolní Žandov () is a municipality and village in

Cheb District Cheb District () is a Okres, district in the Karlovy Vary Region of the Czech Republic. Its capital is the town of Cheb. It is the westernmost district of the Czech Republic. Administrative division Cheb District is divided into three Districts of ...

in the

Karlovy Vary Region The Karlovy Vary Region () is an administrative unit () of the Czech Republic, located in the westernmost part of the country. It is named after its capital Karlovy Vary. It is known for spas, which include Karlovy Vary and Mariánské Lázně. ...

of the

Czech Republic The Czech Republic, also known as Czechia, and historically known as Bohemia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country is bordered by Austria to the south, Germany to the west, Poland to the northeast, and Slovakia to the south ...

. It has about 1,200 inhabitants.

Administrative division

Dolní Žandov consists of five municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census): *Dolní Žandov (889) *Horní Žandov (61) *Podlesí (40) *Salajna (66) *Úbočí (76)

Geography

Dolní Žandov is located about southeast of

Cheb Cheb (; ) is a town in the Karlovy Vary Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 33,000 inhabitants. It lies on the Ohře River. Before the Expulsion of Germans from Czechoslovakia, expulsion of Germans in 1945, the town was the centre of the G ...

and southwest of

Karlovy Vary Karlovy Vary (; , formerly also spelled ''Carlsbad'' in English) is a spa town, spa city in the Karlovy Vary Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 49,000 inhabitants. It is located at the confluence of the Ohře and Teplá (river), Teplá ri ...

. Most of the municipal territory lies in the Upper Palatine Forest Foothills, only the northeastern part lies in the

Slavkov Forest The Slavkov Forest (formerly also Emperor's Forest; , ) is a highland and geomorphological mesoregion of the Czech Republic. It is located in the Karlovy Vary Region. Slavkov Forest is also the name of a protected landscape area, partially locat ...

. The hill Lesný, which is at the highest point of the whole Slavkov Forest, is located in the municipality. A large part of Dolní Žandov belongs to the Slavkov Forest Protected Landscape Area.

History

The first written mention of Dolní Žandov is from 1197, when Duke

Bretislav III Henry Bretislav (latinized as ''Bretislaus'', ; died 15 or 19 June 1197), a member of the Přemyslid dynasty, was Bishop of Prague from 1182, then Duke of Bohemia as "Bretislav III" from 1193 to his death. Ecclesiastical career Henry was a son ...

donated the village to the newly established

Teplá Abbey Teplá Abbey (; ) is a Premonstratensian abbey in Teplá in the Karlovy Vary Region of the Czech Republic. It is included in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Prague, Archdiocese of Prague. History Teplá Abbey was founded in 1193 by the Beat ...

. Between 1261 and 1278, when the area was owned by King Ottokar II, Dolní Žandov was promoted to a town. During the fights between Charles IV and Louis IV in 1347, the town was destroyed. In 1370, King Charles IV pledged the town to Boreš of Osek. In 1374, he obtained permission to demolish the rest of the town and found a new one nearby, but in the end this did not happen and Dolní Žandov was gradually restored in its current location. From that time until the end of feudalism in 1848, Dolní Žandov belonged to the Kynžvart estate. After World War II, the German population was expelled and Dolní Žandov ceased to be a town. In the following decades, there was economic stagnation and the devastation of the architecturally valuable buildings.

Demographics

Transport

The I/21 road, which connects the D5 and D6 motorways, passes through the municipality. Dolní Žandov is located on the railway line

Plzeň Plzeň (), also known in English and German as Pilsen (), is a city in the Czech Republic. It is the Statutory city (Czech Republic), fourth most populous city in the Czech Republic with about 188,000 inhabitants. It is located about west of P ...

–

Sights

The main landmark of Dolní Žandov is the Church of Saint Michael. The originally Gothic building was rebuilt in the Baroque style in 1682. In Podlesí is the Chapel of the Virgin Mary. The

half-timbered Timber framing () and "post-and-beam" construction are traditional methods of building with heavy Beam (structure), timbers, creating structures using squared-off and carefully fitted and Woodworking joints, joined timbers with joints secure ...

chapel was built in 1931–1932 on the site of a burned chapel from the 17th century. It is a pilgrimage site. The village of Salajna is protected as a village monument zone for its preserved examples of folk architecture typical for this region. An important monument of folk architecture is the watermill in Salajna. It was founded in the 17th century. The current appearance of the buildings with the half-timbered gables dates from the second half of the 18th century.

References

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Dolni Zandov Villages in Cheb District