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Dog Island is an uninhabited small island of located approximately to the north-west of
Anguilla Anguilla is a British Overseas Territories, British Overseas Territory in the Caribbean. It is one of the most northerly of the Leeward Islands in the Lesser Antilles, lying east of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands and directly north of Sa ...
.Dog Island: A Seabird’s (and Seabirders’) Paradise
''Anguilla News'', Retrieved October 18, 2010
Two St. Croix Couples Marooned On Dog Isle
''
The Virgin Islands Daily News The ''Virgin Islands Daily News'' is a daily newspaper in the United States Virgin Islands headquartered on the island of Saint Thomas. In 1995 the newspaper became one of the smallest ever to win journalism's most prestigious award, the Pulitz ...
'', May 5, 1970
The West India Pilot
p. 136-37 (1887)
It is low and rocky, with three small
cay A cay ( ), also spelled caye or key, is a small, low-elevation, sandy island on the surface of a coral reef. Cays occur in tropical environments throughout the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian oceans, including in the Caribbean and on the Grea ...
s off the west and north coasts. The coastline is characterised by low cliffs alternating with sandy beaches. Large ponds lie inside two of the beaches. Dog Island lies west of the Prickley Pear Cays.


Flora and fauna

The central part of the island is covered in thorny scrub with prickly pear. The island, with the adjacent cays, has been identified as an
Important Bird Area An Important Bird and Biodiversity Area (IBA) is an area identified using an internationally agreed set of criteria as being globally important for the conservation of bird populations. IBA was developed and sites are identified by BirdLife Int ...
by
BirdLife International BirdLife International is a global partnership of non-governmental organizations that strives to conserve birds and their habitats. BirdLife International's priorities include preventing extinction of bird species, identifying and safeguarding i ...
because it is home to large numbers of nesting
seabird Seabirds (also known as marine birds) are birds that are adaptation, adapted to life within the marine ecosystem, marine environment. While seabirds vary greatly in lifestyle, behaviour and physiology, they often exhibit striking convergent ...
s, mainly sooty terns with over 100,000 pairs recorded. Other seabirds breeding in smaller numbers include red-billed tropicbirds,
magnificent frigatebird The magnificent frigatebird (''Fregata magnificens''), frigate petrel or man o' war is a seabird of the frigatebird family Fregatidae. With a length of and wingspan of , it is the largest species of frigatebird. It occurs over tropical and subtr ...
s, masked and brown boobies,
laughing gull The laughing seagull (''Leucophaeus atricilla'') is a medium-sized gull of North America, North and South America. Named for its laugh-like call, it is an opportunistic omnivore and scavenger. It breeds in large colonies mostly along the Atlantic ...
s, bridled terns and brown noddies. Reptiles present include the Anguilla Bank ameiva, Anguilla Bank anole, little dwarf gecko, island least gecko and a ''
Mabuya ''Mabuya'' is a genus of long-tailed skinks, lizards in the family Scincidae. The genus is restricted to species from various Caribbean islands. Out of 26 recognized species, six species are only found in Caribbean islands. Species in the genus ...
'' skink. There are also
feral goat The feral goat is the domestic goat (''Capra hircus'') when it has become established in the wild. Feral goats occur in many parts of the world. Species Feral goats consist of many breeds of domestic goats, all of which stem from the wild go ...
s.


Dog Island Recovery Project

Invasive black rats (Rattus rattus) are a large contributor to seabird extinction, endangerment and population declines worldwide. Rats prey on seabird eggs, nestlings and adults affecting their breeding success. Black rat predation was identified as the most likely cause for declining reptile and seabird populations over a number of years on Dog Island. A feasibility study for rat eradication was conducted in 2007 and the Dog Island Recovery Project began in 2011. Rat eradication was done through a ground-based poison program using protective bait stations to reduce risk to non-target species, particularly reptiles and feral goats. 1,714 bait stations were placed out on a bait station grid consisting of a series of parallel tracks was cut through the vegetation on Dog Island. Poison used in the bait stations was cereal-based wax blocks containing
brodifacoum Brodifacoum is a highly lethal 4-Hydroxycoumarins, 4-hydroxycoumarin vitamin K antagonist anticoagulant poison. In recent years, it has become one of the world's most widely used pesticides. It is typically used as a rodenticide, but is also used ...
at 0.005%. The project also included monitoring of native species and
biosecurity Biosecurity refers to measures aimed at preventing the introduction or spread of harmful organisms (e.g. viruses, bacteria, plants, animals etc.) intentionally or unintentionally outside their native range or within new environments. In agricult ...
procedures to prevent reinvasion. This was a multiple-year project and eradication success was confirmed in 2014. Keeping the Dog Island rat free requires constant vigilance to detect and respond to any rat incursions. Risk of reinvasion by rats is greatest from private vessels, charter boats and fishing boats, especially vessels that moor overnight. Permanent biosecurity stations are maintained on Dog Island and an incursion response plan has been developed.


References

{{reflist Uninhabited islands of Anguilla Important Bird Areas of Anguilla Seabird colonies