Docker, Inc.
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Docker, Inc. is an American technology company that develops productivity tools built around Docker, which automates the deployment of code inside
software container OS-level virtualization is an operating system (OS) virtualization paradigm in which the kernel allows the existence of multiple isolated user space instances, including containers (LXC, Solaris Containers, AIX WPARs, HP-UX SRP Containers, Dock ...
s. Major commercial products of the company are Docker Hub, a central repository of containers, and Docker Desktop, a
GUI Gui or GUI may refer to: People Surname * Gui (surname), an ancient Chinese surname, ''xing'' * Bernard Gui (1261 or 1262–1331), inquisitor of the Dominican Order * Luigi Gui (1914–2010), Italian politician * Gui Minhai (born 1964), Ch ...
application for
Windows Windows is a Product lining, product line of Proprietary software, proprietary graphical user interface, graphical operating systems developed and marketed by Microsoft. It is grouped into families and subfamilies that cater to particular sec ...
,
Linux Linux ( ) is a family of open source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an kernel (operating system), operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991, by Linus Torvalds. Linux is typically package manager, pac ...
and
Mac Mac or MAC may refer to: Common meanings * Mac (computer), a line of personal computers made by Apple Inc. * Mackintosh, a raincoat made of rubberized cloth * Mac, a prefix to surnames derived from Gaelic languages * McIntosh (apple), a Canadi ...
to manage containers. The historic offering was Docker Enterprise PaaS business, acquired by
Mirantis Mirantis Inc. is a Campbell, California, based Business-to-business, B2B open source cloud computing software and services company. Its primary container and cloud management products, part of the Mirantis Cloud Native Platform suite of products, ...
. The company is also an active contributor to various CNCF projects, such as
containerd The Cloud Native Computing Foundation (CNCF) is a subsidiary of the Linux Foundation founded in 2015 to support cloud-native computing. History It was announced alongside Kubernetes 1.0, an open source container cluster manager, which was contri ...
and runC. The main open source offering of the company are Docker Engine and buildkit which are rebranded under the Moby umbrella project. The core specification, Dockerfile, still includes the company trademark, however.


History

The company was founded as dotCloud in 2008 by Kamel Founadi, Solomon Hykes, and Sebastien Pahl in
Paris Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, largest city of France. With an estimated population of 2,048,472 residents in January 2025 in an area of more than , Paris is the List of ci ...
, and incorporated in the
United States The United States of America (USA), also known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It is a federal republic of 50 U.S. state, states and a federal capital district, Washington, D.C. The 48 ...
in 2010. In July 2013, Benjamin Golub (formerly of
Plaxo Plaxo was an online address book that launched in 2002. It was a subsidiary of cable television company Comcast from 2008 to 2017. At one point it offered a social networking service. History The company was founded by Sean Parker and two Stanfo ...
and
Gluster Gluster Inc. (formerly known as Z RESEARCH) was a software company that provided an open source platform for scale-out public and private cloud storage. The company was privately funded and headquartered in Sunnyvale, California, with an engineer ...
) became chief executive. On September 19, 2013, dotCloud and
Red Hat Red Hat, Inc. (formerly Red Hat Software, Inc.) is an American software company that provides open source software products to enterprises and is a subsidiary of IBM. Founded in 1993, Red Hat has its corporate headquarters in Raleigh, North ...
announced an alliance to integrate Docker with
OpenShift OpenShift is a family of containerization software products developed by Red Hat. Its flagship product is the OpenShift Container Platform — a hybrid cloud platform as a service built around Linux containers orchestrated and managed by Kuber ...
, Red Hat's Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) offering. On October 29, 2013, dotCloud was renamed Docker. On July 23, 2014, Docker acquired two-person startup Orchard. On August 4, 2014, the dotCloud technology and brand was sold to
cloudControl cloudControl was a European company offering a platform as a service (PaaS) based in Berlin, Germany. Officially supported languages for development and deployment were Java, PHP, Python and Ruby via the open buildpack API originally developed by ...
. Four person company Koality was acquired on October 7, 2014. On October 15, 2014
Microsoft Microsoft Corporation is an American multinational corporation and technology company, technology conglomerate headquartered in Redmond, Washington. Founded in 1975, the company became influential in the History of personal computers#The ear ...
announced a partnership, and its services were announced for the
Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) is a part of Amazon's cloud-computing platform, Amazon Web Services (AWS), that allows users to rent virtual computers on which to run their own computer applications. EC2 encourages scalable deployment of ap ...
(EC2) on November 13, 2014. Docker was estimated to be valued at over $1 billion, making it what is called a " unicorn company", after a $95 million fundraising round in April 2015. In April 2016, it was revealed that the C.I.A.'s investment arm
In-Q-Tel In-Q-Tel (IQT), formerly Peleus and In-Q-It, is an American not-for-profit venture capital firm based in Arlington, Virginia. It invests in companies to keep the Central Intelligence Agency, and other intelligence agencies, equipped with the lates ...
was a large investor in Docker. In May 2019, Rob Bearden became CEO. In November 2019,
Mirantis Mirantis Inc. is a Campbell, California, based Business-to-business, B2B open source cloud computing software and services company. Its primary container and cloud management products, part of the Mirantis Cloud Native Platform suite of products, ...
, a cloud computing company, acquired Docker's enterprise business. and Scott Johnston became CEO. On August 31, 2021, Docker released Docker Business subscription for large companies, and changed the licensing terms for Docker Desktop users.


Venture rounds

The Docker company has received multiple rounds of funding to support its growth and development. In February 2011, the company secured $800,000 in seed capital from
angel investors An angel investor (also known as a business angel, informal investor, angel funder, private investor, or seed investor) is an individual who provides capital to a business or businesses, including startups, usually in exchange for convertible debt ...
including
Chris Sacca Christopher Sacca (born May 12, 1975) is an American venture investor, company advisor, entrepreneur, and lawyer. He is the proprietor of Lowercase Capital, a venture capital fund in the United States that has invested in seed and early-stage ...
,
Jerry Yang Jerry Chih-Yuan Yang (; born Yang Chih-Yuan; November 6, 1968) is a Taiwanese-born American billionaire computer programmer, internet entrepreneur, and venture capitalist. He is the co-founder and former CEO of Yahoo! Inc. and founding partne ...
, and
Ron Conway Ronald Crawford Conway (born March 9, 1951) is an American venture capitalist and philanthropist. He has been described as one of Silicon Valley's " super angels". He is co-founder of SV Angel. Early career Conway graduated from San Jose State ...
. A month later, in March 2011, Docker raised $10 million in a Series A funding round led by
Benchmark Capital Benchmark is a venture capital firm founded in 1995 by Bob Kagle, Bruce Dunlevie, Andy Rachleff, Kevin Harvey, and Val Vaden. The firm is known for its equal partnership structure and focus on early-stage investing, typically leading the firs ...
and Trinity Ventures. The company continued to attract significant investment, raising $15 million in a
Series B round A venture round is a type of funding round used for venture capital financing, by which startup companies obtain investment, generally from venture capitalists and other institutional investors. The availability of venture funding is among the p ...
led by
Greylock Partners Greylock Partners is one of the oldest venture capital firms, founded in 1965, with committed capital of over $3.5 billion under management. The firm focuses on early-stage companies in consumer and enterprise software. History Greylock wa ...
in January 2014, followed by $40 million in a Series C round led by
Sequoia Capital Sequoia Capital Operations, LLC is an American venture capital firm headquartered in Menlo Park, California, specializing in seed stage, early stage, and growth stage investments in private companies across technology sectors. the firm had appro ...
in September 2014. In April 2015, Docker raised $95 million in a Series D round led by
Insight Venture Partners Insight Venture Management, LLC (commonly referred to as Insight Partners and previously Insight Venture Partners) is a global venture capital and private equity firm that invests in high-growth technology, software, and internet businesses. The ...
. The company secured another $18 million in November 2015 as part of the same funding round. In November 2019, after restructuring, Docker announced it had secured $35 million in a Series A recapitalisation round. Most recently, in March 2021, Docker raised $23 million in a Series B round led by Tribe Capital, and in March 2022, the company secured $105 million in a Series C round led by
Bain Capital Bain Capital, LP is an American Investment company, private investment firm based in Boston, Massachusetts, Boston, Massachusetts, with around $185 billion of assets under management. It specializes in private equity, venture capital, credit, p ...
.


Acquisitions

* July 23, 2014 – Orchard * February 26, 2015 – SocketPlane * January 21, 2016 – Unikernel Systems * April 11, 2022 – Infosiftr * May 10, 2022 – Nestybox * May 24, 2022 – Tilt * June 21, 2022 – Atomist * June 27, 2023 – Mutagen * December 11, 2023 - AtomicJar


References


External links

* {{Official website Free software companies Software companies based in the San Francisco Bay Area Software companies established in 2013 Software companies of the United States 2013 establishments in California American companies established in 2013