Dinton, Wiltshire
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Dinton is a village,
civil parish In England, a civil parish is a type of administrative parish used for local government. It is a territorial designation which is the lowest tier of local government. Civil parishes can trace their origin to the ancient system of parishes, w ...
and former manor in Wiltshire, England, in the Nadder valley on the B3089 road about west of
Salisbury Salisbury ( , ) is a city status in the United Kingdom, cathedral city and civil parish in Wiltshire, England with a population of 41,820, at the confluence of the rivers River Avon, Hampshire, Avon, River Nadder, Nadder and River Bourne, Wi ...
. The parish population was 696 at the 2011 census, estimated at 733 in 2019. The civil parish includes the village of
Baverstock Baverstock is a small village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Dinton, in Wiltshire, England, about west of Salisbury. The village has 10 private dwellings, a church and several farm buildings. The manor of Hurdcott, a hamlet of a ...
, about east of Dinton village.


History

The northern bounds of the parish follow a prehistoric line known as
Grim's Ditch Grim's Ditch, Grim's Dyke (also Grimsdyke or Grimes Dike in derivative names) or Grim's Bank is a name shared by a number of prehistoric bank and ditch linear earthworks across England. They are of different dates and may have had different funct ...
, through downland overlooking the
Wylye Wylye () is a village and civil parish on the River Wylye in Wiltshire, England. The village is about northwest of Salisbury and a similar distance southeast of Warminster. The parish extends north and south of the river, and includes the ha ...
valley further north. Hanging Langford Camp, an
Iron Age The Iron Age () is the final epoch of the three historical Metal Ages, after the Chalcolithic and Bronze Age. It has also been considered as the final age of the three-age division starting with prehistory (before recorded history) and progre ...
settlement, is just beyond the parish boundary. The
hillfort A hillfort is a type of fortification, fortified refuge or defended settlement located to exploit a rise in elevation for defensive advantage. They are typical of the late Bronze Age Europe, European Bronze Age and Iron Age Europe, Iron Age. So ...
known as Wick Ball Camp lies near the western boundary of the parish, partly within Dinton Park. A
Roman road Roman roads ( ; singular: ; meaning "Roman way") were physical infrastructure vital to the maintenance and development of the Roman state, built from about 300 BC through the expansion and consolidation of the Roman Republic and the Roman Em ...
from the Mendip lead mines to Old Sarum passed east–west, just south of the ditch. The Domesday Book of 1086 recorded a settlement of 37 households at Dinton, held by
Shaftesbury Abbey Shaftesbury Abbey was an abbey that housed nuns in Shaftesbury, Dorset. It was founded in about 888, and Dissolution of the monasteries, dissolved in 1539 during the English Reformation by the order of Thomas Cromwell, minister to King Henry VI ...
. After the Dissolution in 1540, much of Dinton's land was acquired by the
Earls of Pembroke Earl of Pembroke is a title in the Peerage of England that was first created in the 12th century by King Stephen of England. The title, which is associated with Pembroke, Pembrokeshire in West Wales, has been recreated ten times from its origin ...
. Later other land was purchased by the Wyndham family, which created Dinton Park. All Pembroke and Wyndham land was sold in the 20th century. Dinton had a school from an early date, with some 80 children attending in 1818. A National School was built in 1872 and took children of all ages until 1935, when those over 11 transferred to Wilton. The school became a Church of England
voluntary controlled school A voluntary controlled school (VC school) is a state-funded school in England and Wales in which a foundation or trust (usually a Christian denomination) has some formal influence in the running of the school. Such schools have less autonomy th ...
in 1945. The
Salisbury and Yeovil Railway The Salisbury and Yeovil Railway linked Salisbury, Wiltshire, Salisbury (Wiltshire), Gillingham, Dorset, Gillingham (Dorset) and Yeovil (Somerset) in England. Opened in stages in 1859 and 1860, it formed a bridge route between the main London a ...
was built across the parish in 1859, passing to the south of Dinton and Baverstock. Dinton station was south-west of the village on a lane towards Fovant. The station closed in 1966. A branch called the Fovant Military Railway, in length, ran south from near the station to the military camps around Fovant; it was opened in 1915 and closed in 1920. In 1934 the parish was extended eastwards to absorb the ancient parish of Baverstock. Before, during and after the Second World War, the area was used for storing military equipment and ammunition. Some of these premises were outposts of RAF Chilmark.


Churches


St Mary, Dinton

The
Church of England parish church A parish church in the Church of England is the church which acts as the religious centre for the people within each Church of England parish (the smallest and most basic Church of England administrative unit; since the 19th century sometimes ...
of St Mary the Virgin, begun in the late 12th century, is a
Grade I listed In the United Kingdom, a listed building is a structure of particular architectural or historic interest deserving of special protection. Such buildings are placed on one of the four statutory lists maintained by Historic England in England, Hi ...
building. The north doorway survives from the earliest work, while the rest of the church is largely from the 13th and 14th centuries. Restoration by
William Butterfield William Butterfield (7 September 1814 – 23 February 1900) was a British Gothic Revival architect and associated with the Oxford Movement (or Tractarian Movement). He is noted for his use of polychromy. Biography William Butterfield was bo ...
in 1873–1875 included adding a south vestry and north porch. The tower has six bells, one from the 14th century and two from the 16th. Until the Dissolution, Dinton was a
prebend A prebendary is a member of the Catholic or Anglican clergy, a form of canon with a role in the administration of a cathedral or collegiate church. When attending services, prebendaries sit in particular seats, usually at the back of the choir ...
of
Shaftesbury Abbey Shaftesbury Abbey was an abbey that housed nuns in Shaftesbury, Dorset. It was founded in about 888, and Dissolution of the monasteries, dissolved in 1539 during the English Reformation by the order of Thomas Cromwell, minister to King Henry VI ...
. St Edward's at Teffont Magna was a
chapelry A chapelry was a subdivision of an ecclesiastical parish in England and parts of Lowland Scotland up to the mid 19th century. Status A chapelry had a similar status to a Township (England), township, but was so named as it had a chapel of ease ...
of Dinton until 1922. Today the church is part of the Nadder Valley team ministry, which also covers Baverstock and Teffont.


St Editha, Baverstock

The church at
Baverstock Baverstock is a small village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Dinton, in Wiltshire, England, about west of Salisbury. The village has 10 private dwellings, a church and several farm buildings. The manor of Hurdcott, a hamlet of a ...
, dedicated to
Edith of Wilton Edith of Wilton ( – ) was an English saint, nun and member of the community at Wilton Abbey, and the daughter of Edgar, King of England (r. 959–975) and Wulfthryth of Wilton, Saint Wulfthryth. Edith's parents might have been married and Edg ...
, is from the 14th–15th centuries, with restoration in 1880–1893 by Butterfield. It is Grade II* listed.


Notable buildings

Three listed houses are now owned by the
National Trust The National Trust () is a heritage and nature conservation charity and membership organisation in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. The Trust was founded in 1895 by Octavia Hill, Sir Robert Hunter and Hardwicke Rawnsley to "promote the ...
. Hyde's House, near Dinton church, is a Grade I listed former rectory, an early 18th-century rebuilding of an earlier house. Together with Philipps House and Dinton Park, it was given to the
National Trust The National Trust () is a heritage and nature conservation charity and membership organisation in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. The Trust was founded in 1895 by Octavia Hill, Sir Robert Hunter and Hardwicke Rawnsley to "promote the ...
by Bertram Philips in 1943.
Philipps House Philipps House (until 1916 Dinton House) is an early 19th-century Neo-Grecian country house at Dinton, overlooking the Nadder valley about west of Salisbury, Wiltshire, England. The house was built in 1816 by William Wyndham to the designs ...
, formerly Dinton House, was built in 1816 by William IV Wyndham (1769–1841) to designs by Sir
Jeffry Wyatville Sir Jeffry Wyatville (3 August 1766 – 18 February 1840) was an English architect and garden designer. Born Jeffry Wyatt into an established dynasty of architects, in 1824 he was allowed by King George IV to change his surname to Wyatville ...
, replacing a 17th-century house. The house stands in formal gardens and parkland known as Dinton Park. In 1916 the estate was bought by Bertram Philipps, who renamed the house after himself. Little Clarendon, also Grade II* listed, is a late 17th-century former farmhouse. The house was restored in the early 20th century by George Herbert Engleheart (died 1936), a noted breeder of daffodils. His widow gave the house to the National Trust in 1940.


Present day

The parish has local services, including two
public house A pub (short for public house) is in several countries a drinking establishment licensed to serve alcoholic drinks for consumption Licensing laws of the United Kingdom#On-licence, on the premises. The term first appeared in England in the ...
s and a village hall. The railway remains open as part of the London Waterloo to Exeter line; the nearest station is . The village school continues on the same site as Dinton C of E Primary School. The
Monarch's Way The Monarch's Way is a long-distance footpath in England that approximates the escape route taken by King Charles II in 1651 after being defeated in the Battle of Worcester. It runs from Worcester via Bristol and Yeovil to Shoreham, West S ...
long-distance footpath crosses the parish north of Dinton, leaving via Grovely Wood.


Descent of the manor

The manor estate of Dinton and Over Teffont (now Teffont Magna) belonged to Shaftesbury Abbey from before the Norman Conquest until the Dissolution, when it passed rapidly through the hands of various Tudor property speculators. It was granted in 1540 to
Sir Thomas Arundell Sir Thomas Arundell of Wardour Castle in Wiltshire (c. 150226 February 1552) was a Cornish administrator and alleged conspirator. Arundell was connected by birth and marriage to the crown and to several of the most important families in England ...
(died 1552), who immediately sold it, having obtained a licence of alienation, to Matthew Colthurst, who sold it in turn to William Green of Heale, in Woodford. In 1547 the entire manor gained a long-term owner when it was granted to Sir William Herbert (1501–1570), later 1st
Earl of Pembroke Earl of Pembroke is a title in the Peerage of England that was first created in the 12th century by King Stephen of England. The title, which is associated with Pembroke, Pembrokeshire in West Wales, has been recreated ten times from its origin ...
. It remained part of the family's nearby estate of Wilton until 1918, when it was sold in lots and dismembered.


Subsidiary estates


Hyde

The
rectory A clergy house is the residence, or former residence, of one or more priests or ministers of a given religion, serving as both a home and a base for the occupant's ministry. Residences of this type can have a variety of names, such as manse, p ...
and
advowson Advowson () or patronage is the right in English law of a patron (avowee) to present to the diocesan bishop (or in some cases the ordinary if not the same person) a nominee for appointment to a vacant ecclesiastical benefice or church living, a ...
of Dinton were sold in 1585 by
Henry Herbert, 2nd Earl of Pembroke Henry Herbert, 2nd Earl of Pembroke, KG, KB (19 January 1601) was an English peer and politician. He was the nephew of Katherine Parr and brother-in-law of Lady Jane Grey through his first wife. During Elizabeth's reign, he held administr ...
(1534–1601) to Lawrence Hyde I (died 1590) of West Hatch, MP for Heytesbury in 1584.History of Parliament biography of Lawrence Hyde I
/ref> His eldest son Robert Hyde I sold them in 1594 to his brother Sir Lawrence Hyde II (1562–1641), attorney-general to
Anne of Denmark Anne of Denmark (; 12 December 1574 – 2 March 1619) was the wife of King James VI and I. She was List of Scottish royal consorts, Queen of Scotland from their marriage on 20 August 1589 and List of English royal consorts, Queen of Engl ...
, wife of King James I. They were inherited by the latter's son Sir Robert Hyde II (died 1665), Chief Justice of Common Pleas, who died without surviving issue, and then passed to his nephew, Robert Hyde III (died 1722), son of
Alexander Hyde Alexander Hyde (1598–1667) was an English royalist clergyman, Bishop of Salisbury from 1665 to 1667. Life Hyde was born at Salisbury in 1598, the second-born of the four most prominent sons of Lawrence Hyde. At the age of 12 (1610) he entere ...
, Bishop of Salisbury. Robert III died without progeny and bequeathed the rectory and advowson to his cousin Rev. Robert Hyde IV (died 1723), a Fellow of
Magdalen College, Oxford Magdalen College ( ) is a Colleges of the University of Oxford, constituent college of the University of Oxford. It was founded in 1458 by Bishop of Winchester William of Waynflete. It is one of the wealthiest Oxford colleges, as of 2022, and ...
, who in turn passed them to his college, which retained them until 1950, when they passed to the Bishop of Salisbury. The brother of Sir Lawrence Hyde II, lay rector of Dinton, was
Henry Hyde Henry John Hyde (April 18, 1924 – November 29, 2007) was an American politician who served as a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives from 1975 to 2007, representing the 6th District of Illinois, an area of Chicago' ...
(c. 1563–1634), MP, father of the statesman
Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon (18 February 16099 December 1674) was an English statesman, lawyer, diplomat and historian who served as chief advisor to Charles I during the First English Civil War, and Lord Chancellor to Charles II fro ...
(1609–1674), who was born at Dinton.''Wanderings in Wessex'' by Edric Holmes.
Chapter X. Available as a
Project Gutenberg Project Gutenberg (PG) is a volunteer effort to digitize and archive cultural works, as well as to "encourage the creation and distribution of eBooks." It was founded in 1971 by American writer Michael S. Hart and is the oldest digital li ...
ebook.
The estate of ''Little Clarendon'' is within the parish of Dinton, and was apparently the origin of the appellation he chose for his earldom. Henry Hyde appears to have leased the rectory and advowson of Dinton from his brother, and it was probably in the rectory house that the future Earl of Clarendon was born. Henry Hyde moved away to Purton between 1623 and 1625.


Wyndham

The descent of another estate in Dinton in the Wyndham family went as follows:Burke's Landed Gentry, 1937, p. 2511, pedigree of Wyndham. *William I Wyndham (1659–1734) bought the manor in 1689. He was the third son of Sir Wadham Wyndham (1609–1668), of Norrington, Wiltshire, a judge of the
King's Bench The King's Bench (), or, during the reign of a female monarch, the Queen's Bench ('), refers to several contemporary and historical courts in some Commonwealth jurisdictions. * Court of King's Bench (England), a historic court of common law in t ...
and ninth son of
Sir John Wyndham ''Sir'' is a formal honorific address in English for men, derived from Sire in the High Middle Ages. Both are derived from the old French "" (Lord), brought to England by the French-speaking Normans, and which now exist in French only as part o ...
(1558–1645) of
Orchard Wyndham Orchard Wyndham is a historic manor near Williton in Somerset, centred on the synonymous grade I listed manor house of Orchard Wyndham that was situated historically in the parish of Watchet and about two miles south of the parish church of ...
, Somerset. William I married Henrietta Stratford, a daughter and co-heiress of Henry Stratford of
Hawling Hawling is a small village and civil parish in the Cotswolds of England, close to Bourton-on-the-Water and Guiting Power. The Church, the Elizabethan manor house and the Rectory form a group of listed buildings. The population taken at the 2 ...
, Gloucestershire. *William II Windham (died 1762), eldest son, inherited Dinton from his father and Hawling from his mother. He married Barbara Smith, daughter and heiress of Michael Smith of
Stanton St Bernard Stanton St Bernard is a village and civil parish in the Vale of Pewsey, Wiltshire, England. Its nearest town is Devizes, about away to the west. The parish is tall and narrow, extending north onto the Marlborough Downs where it includes Milk ...
, Wiltshire. *William III Wyndham (died 1786), eldest son, of Dinton and Hawling, was a pioneer in agricultural improvement. He married in 1767 Elizabeth Heathcote (died 1809), a daughter of Sir Thomas Heathcote, 2nd Baronet (1721–1787), of
Hursley Park Hursley House is an 18th-century Queen Anne style mansion in Hursley, near Winchester in the English county of Hampshire. The building is Grade II* listed. History The Hursley estate was bought by William Heathcote, MP from the daughters of ...
, Southampton. *William IV Wyndham (1769–1841), eldest son, of Dinton, inherited the manor of Norrington from his Wyndham cousin, descended from the eldest son of the judge Sir Wadham Wyndham (died 1668). He married in 1794 Laetitia Popham (died 1837), daughter of Alexander Popham, a
Master in Chancery The Court of Chancery was a court of equity in England and Wales that followed a set of loose rules to avoid a slow pace of change and possible harshness (or "inequity") of the common law. The Chancery had jurisdiction over all matters of eq ...
. In 1816 he built the present house to designs by Sir
Jeffry Wyattville Sir Jeffry Wyatville (3 August 1766 – 18 February 1840) was an English architect and garden designer. Born Jeffry Wyatt into an established dynasty of architects, in 1824 he was allowed by King George IV to change his surname to Wyatville ...
. * William V Wyndham (1796–1862), of Dinton, eldest son, JP, DL, MP for Wiltshire South 1852–1859, married in 1831 Ellen Heathcote (died 1883), eldest daughter of Rev. Samuel Heathcote of Bramshaw Hill, Hampshire. *William VI Wyndham (1834–1914), eldest son, JP, DL, of Dinton, was
heir male In inheritance, a hereditary successor is a person who inherits an indivisible title or office after the death of the previous title holder. The hereditary line of succession may be limited to heirs of the body, or may pass also to collateral ...
to his grandfather under the will of a distant cousin George Francis Wyndham (1786–1845), who shared descent from Sir John Wyndham (1558–1645) of Orchard Wyndham, after the death in 1876 of the 4th Earl's widow, who had retained a life interest.Burke's LG. He thus inherited the ancient family manor of Orchard Wyndham. He married in 1867 Frances Ann Stafford (died 1934), second daughter of Rev. Charles James Stafford, vicar of Dinton. *William VII Wyndham (born 1868), eldest son, JP, of Orchard Wyndham, sold Dinton in 1916 to Bertram Philipps.


References


External links


Dinton Parish CouncilDinton village hallNational Trust page on Philipps House and Dinton Park
{{authority control Villages in Wiltshire Civil parishes in Wiltshire