Deville's Parakeet

Bonaparte's parakeet (''Pyrrhura lucianii''), also known as Deville's parakeet, or in aviculture as Deville's conure, is a species of parrot in the family Psittacidae. It is restricted to the Brazilian state of Amazonas south of the Solimões river.

Description

Total length c. . As other members of the ''Pyrrhura picta'' complex, it is a long-tailed mainly green parakeet with a dark red belly, rump and tail-tip (tail all dark red from below), pale grey scaling to the chest, a whitish or dull buff patch on the auriculars and bluish remiges. The cheeks and crown are dark dusky-maroon (often appears almost blackish). Unlike other members of the ''P. picta'' complex, it lacks any bright red or blue to the head (''but see Taxonomy''). The legs are dark greyish.

Habitat and behavior

It occurs in tropical humid lowland forest and adjacent habitats. It is social and typically seen in pairs or groups. It feeds on fruits, seeds and flowers. The nest is placed in a tree cavity. It is likely to be fairly common within its range, but generally very poorly known, as the remote region where it occurs rarely is visited by ornithologists.

Taxonomy

It has typically been considered a subspecies of ''Pyrrhura picta''. As with most other taxa in the ''P. picta'' complex, Joseph (2002) recommended that ''lucianii'' should be recognized as a monotypic species, ''P. lucianii''. Ribas ''et al.'' (2006) did not include ''lucianii'' in their study, but did find that ''P. picta'' (''sensu stricto'') was closer to some members of the '' P. leucotis'' complex than to the various taxa found mainly south of the Amazon River and traditionally considered as subspecies of it. Consequently, Ribas ''et al.'' recommended that the west Amazonian taxa (''roseifrons'' and ''peruviana'') and the east Amazonian taxa (''amazonum'' and ''snethlageae'') should be considered two separate species. Based on biogeography, it therefore becomes unlikely that ''P. lucianii'' is a subspecies of ''P. picta'', but the possibility that it is better regarded as conspecific with either '' P. amazonum'' or '' P. roseifrons'' cannot be discounted on basis of current knowledge. ''P. lucianii'' was described before both ''P. amazonum'' and ''P. roseifrons'', meaning that they, if one of these scenarios was found to be correct, would become subspecies of ''P. lucianii'' (i.e. ''P. lucianii amazonum'' or ''P. lucianii roseifrons''). SACC voted to recognize ''P. lucianii'' as a species.

Another problem relates to the population of the ''P. picta'' complex from far north-eastern Peru. These individuals with red to the forecrown have often (e.g. Juniper and Parr, 1998) been regarded as typical of ''P. lucianii''. Joseph (2002) found that this was incorrect, with true ''P. lucianii'' being restricted to Brazil and lacking any bright red to the head. The taxonomic position of the population in far north-eastern Peru, labelled as "group 6" by Joseph (2002), therefore remains unclear, it having been speculated that it could be a distinct species, a subspecies of either ''P. roseifrons'' or ''P. lucianii'', a hybrid between the ''P. roseifrons'' and ''P. lucianii'' (which, if found to be true, could indicate that ''P. lucianii'' and ''P. roseifrons'' are better considered conspecific), or a hybrid between the currently recognized subspecies of ''P. roseifrons''. Arndt (2008) recently argued for treating it as a distinct species, which he described as '' P. parvifrons'', but this has yet to receive widespread recognition (e.g. by SACC).

References

* Arndt, T. (2008). ''Anmerkungen zu einigen Pyrrhura-Formen mit der Beschreibung einer neuen Art und zweier neuer Unterarten.'' Papageien 8/2008.
* Joseph, L. (2002). ''Geographic variation, taxonomy and distribution of some Amazonian Pyrrhura parakeets.'' Ornitologia Neotropical 13(4): 337–363.
* Juniper, T., and M. Parr (1998). ''A Guide to the Parrots of the World''. Pica Press, East Sussex.
* Remsen, J. V. Jr., C. D. Cadena, A. Jaramillo, M. Nores, J. F. Pacheco, M. B. Robbins, T. S. Schulenberg, F. G. Stiles, D. F. Stotz, and K. J. Zimmer. Version 6 September 2007
''A classification of the bird species of South America. American Ornithologists' Union.''
* Ribas, C. C., L. Joseph, C. Y. Miyaki (2006). ''Molecular systematics and patterns of diversification in ''Pyrrhura'' (Psittacidae), with special reference to the ''picta-leucotis'' complex.'' Auk 123(3): 660–680.

External links

World Parrot Trust
Parrot Encyclopedia - Species Profiles
Photo of Bonaparte's parakeet.
wikiaves.com.br

{{Taxonbar, from=Q1266914

Bonaparte's parakeet
Birds of the Brazilian Amazon
Endemic birds of Brazil
Bonaparte's parakeet
Parakeets
Bonaparte's parakeet