Dağlıca (; ) is a village in Yüksekova District of

Hakkâri Province Hakkâri Province (, ; ), is a province in the southeast of Turkey. The administrative centre is the city of Hakkâri. Its area is 7,095 km2, and its population is 287,625 (2023). The current Governor is Ali Çelik. The province encompasses ...

in southeastern

Turkey Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly located in Anatolia in West Asia, with a relatively small part called East Thrace in Southeast Europe. It borders the Black Sea to the north; Georgia (country), Georgia, Armen ...

. It is located by the river Oramar (), a tributary of the

Great Zab The Great Zab or Upper Zab (; or ; ; ) is an approximately long river flowing through Turkey and Iraq. It rises in Turkey near Lake Van and joins the Tigris in Iraq south of Mosul. During its course, the river collects water from many tributar ...

. The village is populated by

Kurds Kurds (), or the Kurdish people, are an Iranian peoples, Iranic ethnic group from West Asia. They are indigenous to Kurdistan, which is a geographic region spanning southeastern Turkey, northwestern Iran, northern Iraq, and northeastern Syri ...

of the Oramar tribe and had a population of 570 in 2023. Dağlıca has the

hamlets A hamlet is a human settlement that is smaller than a town or village. This is often simply an informal description of a smaller settlement or possibly a subdivision or satellite entity to a larger settlement. Sometimes a hamlet is defined f ...

of Akar, Avasan, Beğendik, Bozkaya (), Demirli, Genişdere (), Gökağaç, İncirlik (), Köyiçi, Ortaklar (), Sivrice and Üçkardeş () attached to the village. The unpopulated village of İkiyaka () and its likewise unpopulated four hamlets of Berkevi (), Molya Yasin (), Rezuk and Gundi juri () are situated southeast of Dağlıca. There were

Church of the East The Church of the East ( ) or the East Syriac Church, also called the Church of Seleucia-Ctesiphon, the Persian Church, the Assyrian Church, the Babylonian Church, the Chaldean Church or the Nestorian Church, is one of three major branches o ...

churches of Mar

Mamo Mamo or woowoo is a common name for two species of extinct birds. Together with the extant ʻIʻiwi they make up the genus '' Drepanis''. These nectarivorous finches were endemic to Hawaii but are now extinct. The Hawaiian name may be re ...

and Mar Daniel situated in the village.

History

According to local tradition, Mar Mamo fled persecution and became a hermit at Oramar. Mamo collected all snakes in the region and placed them in a pit, upon which he constructed a sanctuary, and it was believed it could heal snake and dog bites, as well as scorpion stings. The church of Mar Mamo was constructed in the 4th century. It has been suggested that it was built on the site of a pre-Christian shrine. Oramar was formerly exclusively inhabited by Assyrians, who were ''rayets'' (vassals) of the ''ashiret'' (free men)

Jilu Jīlū was a district located in the Hakkari (historical region), Hakkari region of upper Mesopotamia in modern-day Turkey. Before 1915 Jīlū was home to Assyrians and as well as a minority of Kurds. There were 20 List of Assyrian tribes, Assyri ...

clan. Most of the Assyrian population in the village was forcibly supplanted by Kurds, and the church of Mar Daniel was converted into a mosque at the end of the 19th century. Oramar was the seat of a

kaza A kaza (, "judgment" or "jurisdiction") was an administrative divisions of the Ottoman Empire, administrative division of the Ottoman Empire. It is also discussed in English under the names district, subdistrict, and juridical district. Kazas co ...

in the

sanjak A sanjak or sancak (, , "flag, banner") was an administrative division of the Ottoman Empire. The Ottomans also sometimes called the sanjak a liva (, ) from the name's calque in Arabic and Persian. Banners were a common organization of nomad ...

of Hakkari in the vilayet of Van, which was inhabited by 14,000

, 11,040

Assyrians Assyrians (, ) are an ethnic group indigenous to Mesopotamia, a geographical region in West Asia. Modern Assyrians share descent directly from the ancient Assyrians, one of the key civilizations of Mesopotamia. While they are distinct from ot ...

, and 870 Turks in 1900, for a total of 25,910 people. At that time, 400 people inhabited the village, including 40 Assyrians who belonged to the Church of the East and were served by the diocese of Jilu. By the time of the

Sayfo The Sayfo (, ), also known as the Seyfo or the Assyrian genocide, was the mass murder and deportation of Assyrian people, Assyrian/Syriac Christians in southeastern Anatolia and Persia's Azerbaijan (Iran), Azerbaijan province by Ottoman Army ...

during the

First World War World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting to ...

, the village was controlled by Suto, '' agha'' (chief) of the Kurdish Oramar tribe, who actively participated in the mass slaughter of Assyrian Christians in the region, and used Oramar as his headquarters. However, he spared the Assyrians in the village as they were responsible for the maintenance of the church of Mar Mamo, which was considered sacred by the Kurds also, and it was feared the snakes would return if the priests or the church were harmed. The Assyrians retaliated against Suto and, in early September 1917, he was besieged at Oramar by an army led by

Agha Petros Petros Elia of Baz (; 1 April 1880 – 2 February 1932), better known as Agha Petros (), was an Assyrian military leader and statesman, best known for his role during World War I. He is considered a national hero for the Assyrians and other ...

whilst an army led by the brother of the

Patriarch of the Church of the East The patriarch of the Church of the East (also known as patriarch of the East, patriarch of Babylon, the catholicose of the East or the grand metropolitan of the East) is the patriarch, or leader and head bishop (sometimes referred to as Cath ...

Shimun XIX Benyamin Mar Shimun XXI Benyamin (1887– 3 March 1918) () served as the 117th Catholicos-Patriarch of the Church of the East. Life He was an ethnic Assyrian, born in 1887 in the village of Qochanis in the Hakkari Province, Ottoman Empire (modern ...

attacked from another direction, killing 16 and capturing 30 Kurds, and suffered one death and two wounded. The village had fallen to the Assyrian forces by the time an additional force led by the patriarch arrived, but Suto and a number of Kurds fled to Nervi. Assyrian women who had been held captive by Suto were released from his

harem A harem is a domestic space that is reserved for the women of the house in a Muslim family. A harem may house a man's wife or wives, their pre-pubescent male children, unmarried daughters, female domestic Domestic worker, servants, and other un ...

, and Assyrian forces under the patriarch's command pursued Suto westward whilst Agha Petros marched east.

Population

Population history from 1997 to 2023:

References

Bibliography

* * * * * * * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Daglica, Yuksekova Villages in Yüksekova District Kurdish settlements in Hakkâri Province Historic Assyrian communities in Hakkâri Province Places of the Sayfo