CSR Corporation Limited (CSR), formerly known as China South Locomotive & Rolling Stock Corp was a Chinese manufacturer of locomotive and rolling stock. In 2015, the company merged with

China CNR China CNR Corporation Limited (CNR) was a primary manufacturer of locomotives and rolling stock for the Chinese market. The company has also exported to over 80 countries and regions, including Argentina, Australia, Brazil, France, Hong Kong, Ne ...

to form

CRRC CRRC Corporation Limited (known as CRRC) is a Chinese state-owned and publicly traded rolling stock manufacturer. It is the world's largest rolling stock manufacturer in terms of revenue, eclipsing its major competitors of Alstom and Siemens. I ...

History

In 2007 the China South Locomotive & Rolling Stock Corporation Limited (CSR) was formed.History
''www.csrgc.com.cn'' as a special purpose vehicle for potential

initial public offering An initial public offering (IPO) or stock launch is a public offering in which shares of a company are sold to institutional investors and usually also to retail (individual) investors. An IPO is typically underwritten by one or more investme ...

for the major assets of state-owned

CSR Group CSR Group Corporation formerly known as China South Locomotive and Rolling Stock Industry (Group) Corporation (abbreviation: CSRG), was a Chinese locomotive and rolling stock manufacturer. In 2007, the major assets of the group was spin-off and f ...

. Some auxiliary assets were left in the group and remained unlisted. The company's H shares were first traded on the Hong-Kong stock market on 21 August 2008, the company's A shares began trading on the 18 August 2008. The shares also began trading on the Shanghai Stock Exchange in August; $1.57 billion was raised in the share offers. A 40% stake in the company was offered in total on the two exchanges. On 26 December 2011, CSR announced that it had successfully tested a super high speed train that was capable of traveling at 500 km/h. In February 2014, CSR acquired the Argentine rolling stock manufacturer Emprendimientos Ferroviarios.CSR adquiere EMFER y desembarca en la Argentina
- EnElSubte, 26 February 2014.Company Overview of Emprendimientos Ferroviarios S.A. Emfer S.A.
- Bloomberg Business

Merger

At the end of 2014 CSR and its rival CNR announced their intention to merge, with a 1:1 share swap; the resultant company (value ~$26billion) was to be named

. The two companies formally merged on 1 June 2015.

Company structure and subsidiaries

At the time of the restructuring and share issue in 2008 the company had 20 subsidiaries: ;Manufacturing and maintenance * CSR Chengdu Locomotive & Rolling Stock Co, refurbishment of locomotives and carriages, manufacture and repair of motors. *

CSR Feb. 7th Rolling Stock Co., Ltd. CSR may refer to: Biology * Central serous retinopathy, a visual impairment * Cheyne–Stokes respiration, an abnormal respiration pattern * Child sex ratio, ratio between female and male births * Class switch recombination, a process that chan ...

, manufacture and maintenance of freight wagons. * CSR Luoyang Locomotive Co, refurbishment of locomotives. *

CSR Meishan Rolling Stock Co., Ltd. CSR may refer to: Biology * Central serous retinopathy, a visual impairment * Cheyne–Stokes respiration, an abnormal respiration pattern * Child sex ratio, ratio between female and male births * Class switch recombination, a process that chang ...

, manufacture of freight wagons, brakes and castings. *

CRRC Nanjing Puzhen CRRC Nanjing Puzhen () is a Chinese railway rolling stock manufacturer, based in Puzhen, Nanjing city. It is a subsidiary of CRRC. Nanjing Puzhen has supplied trains to Shanghai Metro Line 3 and Nanjing Metro in partnership with Alstom. Ind ...

, manufacture of carriages, multiple units and rapid transit vehicles. *

CRRC Qishuyan CRRC Qishuyan Co., Ltd. () is one of the major diesel locomotive manufacturers in China. It one of the subsidiary companies of CRRC Limited. History Qishuyan Locomotive Works was founded in 1905. * CSR Shijiazhuang Rolling Stock Co, maintenance of freight wagons, R&D of air-conditioning and refrigeration devices. **Shijiazhuang Guoxiang Transportation Equipment Co., Ltd., 60% owned subsidiary, joint enterprise with King Machinery (Taiwan) Co., Limited. * CSR Sifang Locomotive & Rolling Stock Co., Ltd., Manufacture of carriages and multiple units, and auxiliary products. EMU and carriage maintenance. Renamed CSR Qingdao Sifang Locomotive & Rolling Stock Co., Ltd, (CSR Sifang Co., Ltd.) on 29 December 2008. * CSR Sifang Rolling Stock Co., Ltd., maintenance and manufacture of carriages and multiple units. * CSR Yangtze Rolling Stock Co., Ltd.,CSR Yangtze Rolling Stock Co., Ltd. was formed from the assets of CSR Qishuyan Locomotive & Rolling Stock Works (freight wagon assets), CSR Wuhan Jiang’an Rolling Stock Works, CSR Zhuzhou Rolling Stock Works, CSR Tongling Rolling Stock Works and CSR Wuchang Rolling Stock Works. ''Source'': CSR Prospectus , 8 August 2008 , "Restructuring", p.85 freight and refrigerated wagon manufacturing and maintenance, carriage and rapid transit vehicle maintenance, manufacture of axles, casting and other steel structures * CSR Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive Co, R&D and manufacture of electric locomotives, multiple units and rapid transit vehicles, and electric motors, transformers and related products. *

Zhuzhou CSR Times Electric Co Zhuzhou (, ), formerly Jianning (建宁), is a prefecture-level city of Hunan Province, China, straddling the Xiang River southeast of the provincial capital, Changsha, and bordering Jiangxi province to the east. It is part of the " Greater Chan ...

, development and sale of traction and auxiliary electrical power equipment and urban rail control system.CSR Prospectus
, 8 August 2008 , "Our corporate structure", pp.88-93 retrieved 9 Feb 2015 * CSR Ziyang Locomotive Co, R&D and manufacturing of diesel and electric locomotives, and diesel and gas powered engines and sub-components. *

CSR Xiangfan Locomotive Co., Ltd. CSR may refer to: Biology * Central serous retinopathy, a visual impairment * Cheyne–Stokes respiration, an abnormal respiration pattern * Child sex ratio, ratio between female and male births * Class switch recombination, a process that chan ...

, refurbishment of locomotives. * Emprendimientos Ferroviarios, the company's subsidiary in

Argentina Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link=no, República Argentina), is a country in the southern half of South America. Argentina covers an area of , making it the second-largest country in South America after Brazil, th ...

. ;Research *CSR Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive Research Institute Co., Ltd., R&D and manufacture of electric propulsion and control, suspension and noise reducing elements, polymer composites and insulators. *CSR Qishuyan Locomotive & Rolling Stock Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., R&D of mechanical transmissions, brakes, shock absorbers and manufacturing techniques. ;Export and leasing *New Leap Transportation Equipment Investment & Leasing Co., Ltd., investment in, leasing, sale, and technical support of rail vehicles. (Renamed CSR Investment and Leasing on 2 December 2008)China South Locomotives & Rolling Sotkc Corporation Limited: 2008 annual report
p.10 ;Other *CSR (Hong Kong) Co. Ltd. based in Hong Kong was formed as 100% subsidiary in 2008.

Joint ventures

* Bombardier Sifang (Qingdao) Transportation, formed 1998, with CSR Sifang, 50% owned by Bombardier Transportation, design and manufacture of single and double deck passenger carriages and

EMU The emu () (''Dromaius novaehollandiae'') is the second-tallest living bird after its ratite relative the ostrich. It is endemic to Australia where it is the largest native bird and the only extant member of the genus '' Dromaius''. The emu ...

s *

Qingdao Sifang Kawasaki Rolling Stock Technology Co., Ltd. Qingdao (, Comparison of Chinese transcription systems, also spelled Tsingtao; , Mandarin: ) is a major city in eastern Shandong Provinces of China, Province. The city's name in Chinese characters literally means "Azure (color), azure island". ...

, formed 2005, 50% owned by

Kawasaki Heavy Industries (or simply Kawasaki) is a Japanese public multinational corporation manufacturer of motorcycles, engines, heavy equipment, aerospace and defense equipment, rolling stock and ships, headquartered in Chūō, Kobe and Minato, Tokyo, Japan. It is ...

(39%) and

Itochu is a Japanese corporation based in Umeda, Kita-ku, Osaka and Aoyama, Minato, Tokyo. It is one of the largest Japanese ''sogo shosha'' (general trading companies). Among Japanese trading companies, it is distinguished by not being descend ...

(11%), R&D and technical support for railway vehicles and import and export thereof.

Manufacturing and products

The main factories for the manufacture of locomotives are installed in

Zhuzhou Zhuzhou (, ), formerly Jianning (建宁), is a prefecture-level city of Hunan Province, China, straddling the Xiang River southeast of the provincial capital, Changsha, and bordering Jiangxi province to the east. It is part of the " Greater Chan ...

(electric locomotives),

Ziyang Ziyang () prefecture-level city in eastern Sichuan province, China. It is bordered by the provincial capital of Chengdu to the northwest, Deyang to the north, Suining to the northeast, Chongqing municipality to the east, and Neijiang to the wes ...

, Luoyang, Xiangfan (diesel locomotives), Qishuyan, and Chengdu (the latter two also producing carriages). Carriages are built in factories in Nanjing, Zhuzhou, Beijing, Meishan, Wuchang, Tongling, Shijiazhuang, Wuhan and Guiyang. The company has two research institutes in Zhuzhou and Qishuyan.

Models

CFL Carruagem-de-passegeiros-largo-curso Malanje 2011 IMG1492cut

Main models manufactured: * Electric locomotives: ** Type TM1 ** Type KZ4A high-speed ** Type DJ2 "Olympic star" ** SS series, including SS3, SS4, SS6, SS8, SS9 and their varieties ** AC4000 test bed ** Type HXD1 "Harmony": Orders have been placed for 1710 units and production capacity has been increased to 800 units per year. * EMUs ** High-speed train "China Star" ** High-speed train "Central China Star" * Diesel locomotives ** Qishuyan-built diesels for Guinea ** Type DF4B, DF4C, DF4D and varieties ** Type DF5B ** Type DF8B and varieties ** Type DF11 and DF11G for passenger trains ** Type DF12 Shunter ** Diesel-hydraulic locomotives DFH 3 and DFH 5 ** Yard shunters GK & GKD series, in several gauges ranging from 762 to 1435 mm. * DMUs ** Type DDJ1 The firm also built subway trains, particularly for networks in Shanghai Metro and

Beijing Metro The Beijing Subway is the rapid transit system of Beijing Municipality that consists of 25 lines including 20 rapid transit lines, two airport rail links, one maglev line and 2 light rail lines, and 463 stations. The rail network extends ...

Exports

*In October 2008, China Southern Locomotive won a contract worth nearly $100 million from

Kazakhstan Kazakhstan, officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a transcontinental country located mainly in Central Asia and partly in Eastern Europe. It borders Russia to the north and west, China to the east, Kyrgyzstan to the southeast, Uzbeki ...

, its third contract since entering that country's market in 2002. *CSR supplies diesel-multiple units to Sri Lanka Railways. In 2008, CSR began exporting short-haul DMUs to Sri Lanka, for use on commuter-rail services. As of 2011, long-haul units are currently on order. *CSR also won a contract worth $391 million from

Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with a small portion on the Balkan Peninsula in ...

to produce 324 vehicles for the

Ankara Metro The Ankara Metro ( tr, Ankara Metrosu) is the rapid transit system serving Ankara, the capital of Turkey. At present, Ankara's rapid transit system consists of two metro lines – the ''Batıkent Metrosu (M1)''and the new ''Keçiören Metrosu (M4 ...

. It is envisaged that 75 of the 324 wagons will have at least 30% domestically manufacturer content while the remaining wagons will have 51%. *On 22 October 2012, South Africa awarded a tender for 95 electric locomotives to CSR Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive works. The plan is part of a R4 trillion (US$462 billion) infrastructure improvement project in the country. *In 2013, Argentine state-owned company

Trenes Argentinos Operadora Ferroviaria Sociedad del Estado (abbreviated SOFSE; trading name: Trenes Argentinos Operaciones) is an Argentine state-owned company created in 2008 to operate passenger services in Argentina. It is a subsidiary of the Ferrocarriles Ar ...

announced that CSR electric multiple units had been acquired for metropolitan services of

Buenos Aires Buenos Aires ( or ; ), officially the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires ( es, link=no, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires), is the capital and primate city of Argentina. The city is located on the western shore of the Río de la Plata, on South ...

. That included 300 cars for

Roca Line The Roca line is a gauge commuter rail service in the Buenos Aires Province, Argentina, part of General Roca Railway network. The service is currently operated by State-owned company Trenes Argentinos, from the city-centre terminus of Const ...

, and 709 cars for

Sarmiento Sarmiento may refer to: Places Argentina *Sarmiento Department, San Juan, a subdivision of the San Juan Province *Sarmiento Department, Santiago del Estero, a subdivision of the Santiago del Estero Province *Sarmiento Department, Chubut, a subdivi ...

and

Mitre The mitre (Commonwealth English) (; Greek: μίτρα, "headband" or "turban") or miter (American English; see spelling differences), is a type of headgear now known as the traditional, ceremonial headdress of bishops and certain abbots in ...

lines. * Baghdad–Basra high-speed rail line A joint venture between CSRC and Australian-based

United Group United Group is an alternative telecom provider in Southeast Europe that operates both telecommunications platforms and mass media outlets. History United Group was formed in 2007, as a Luxembourg-registered multinational entity, in a merger ...

manufactured MTR with 21 Phase IV LRV cars delivered in 2009.

Controversy

In June 2016 the CSR along with members of the

Gupta family The Gupta family is a wealthy Indian-born family with business interests in South Africa, whose most notable members are brothers Ajay, Atul, and Rajesh "Tony" Gupta—as well as Atul's nephews Varun, and US-based Ashish and Amol. The family ow ...

were accused of trying to improperly influence the awarding of a R51 billion (US$6 billion) 2012 contract for CSR to deliver 600 trains to the South African Passenger Rail Agency. It was later reported that the future South African Public Protector Busisiwe Mkhwebane was also allegedly implicated in the deal when she worked as Counselor Immigration and Civic Services in South Africa's embassy in China.

Notes

References

External links

Official website
(archived, 15 Feb 2015) {{CRRC Group Companies formerly listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange Companies formerly listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange Manufacturing companies established in 2007 Companies disestablished in 2015 Chinese brands 2007 establishments in China 2015 disestablishments in China