The Crișul Negru (Black Criș) ( Romanian), () is a river in western

Romania Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern and Southeast Europe. It borders Ukraine to the north and east, Hungary to the west, Serbia to the southwest, Bulgaria to the south, Moldova to ...

(

Transylvania Transylvania ( or ; ; or ; Transylvanian Saxon dialect, Transylvanian Saxon: ''Siweberjen'') is a List of historical regions of Central Europe, historical and cultural region in Central Europe, encompassing central Romania. To the east and ...

) and south-eastern

Hungary Hungary is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning much of the Pannonian Basin, Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the south, Croatia and ...

(

Békés County Békés (, , ) is an administrative division (county or ''vármegye'') in south-eastern Hungary, on the border with Romania. It shares borders with the Hungarian counties Csongrád-Csanád, Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok, and Hajdú-Bihar. The capital ...

). The river has its source in the western

Apuseni Mountains The Apuseni Mountains (, "Western Mountains"; , "Transylvanian Mountains") are a mountain range in Transylvania, Romania, which belongs to the Western Romanian Carpathians. The highest peak is the Bihor Peak at . The Apuseni Mountains have ab ...

of Romania. Flowing through the Romanian towns of Ștei and

Beiuș Beiuș (; ) is a municipiu, city in Bihor County, Romania near the Apuseni Mountains. The river Crișul Negru flows through Beiuș, and the city administers a single village, Delani (''Gyalány''). Between the late 18th and very early 20th centu ...

and crossing the border of Hungary, the river, now called Fekete-Körös, joins the Fehér-Körös a few kilometres north from Gyula to form the

Körös The Körös () or Criș () ( German: ''Kreisch'') is a river in eastern Hungary and western Romania. Its length is from the confluence of its two source rivers Fehér-Körös ('' Crișul Alb'') and Fekete-Körös ('' Crișul Negru'') to its outf ...

river. In Romania, its length is and its basin size is . Part of the water from the river Crișul Repede is diverted towards the Crișul Negru by the Criș Collector Canal.

Hydronymy

The name of this river comes from earlier Dacian ''Krísos'', which meant "black",Katičic', Radislav. ''Ancient Languages of the Balkans, Part One''. Paris: Mouton, 1976: 150. making this a doublet (cf. Bulg ''čer'' "black", Old Church Slavonic ''čǐrnǔ'', Old Prussian ''kirsnan'', Albanian ''sorrë'' "raven") with Romanian ''negru'' "black". The upper course, upstream from the confluence with the Crișul Băița, is sometimes called ''Crișul Poienii''.

Towns and villages

The following towns and villages are situated along the Crișul Negru, from source to mouth:

Vașcău Vașcău () is a town in Bihor County, Crișana, Romania. It administers five villages: Câmp (''Vaskohmező''), Câmp-Moți, Colești (''Kolafalva''), Vărzarii de Jos (''Alsófüves''), and Vărzarii de Sus (''Felsőfüves''). Demographics Acc ...

, Ștei, Rieni, Drăgănești, Tărcaia,

, Șuncuiuș, Uileacu de Beiuș, Șoimi, Căpâlna, Tinca, Batăr,

Avram Iancu Avram Iancu (; ; 1824 – September 10, 1872) was a Transylvanian Romanian lawyer who played an important role in the local chapter of the Revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire, Austrian Empire Revolutions of 1848–1849. He was especiall ...

, Zerind in Romania, and Sarkad in Hungary.

Tributaries

The following rivers are tributaries to the Crișul Negru (from source to mouth): *Left: Criștior, Pârâul Țarinii, Briheni, Valea Mare (Cusuiuș), Tărcăița, Finiș, Căldărești, Șerpoasa, Valea Mare (Șuncuiș),

Arman Arman (November 17, 1928 – October 22, 2005) was a French and American artist. Born Armand Fernandez in Nice, France, Arman was a painter who moved from using objects for the ink or paint traces they leave (''cachets'', ''allures d'objet'') t ...

, Hălgaș, Fieghiu, Poclușa, Crișul Mic, Rătășel, Beliu, Răchest,

Teuz The Teuz () is a left tributary of the river Crișul Negru in Romania. It discharges into the Crișul Negru in Tămașda. Its length is and its basin size is . Tributaries The following rivers are tributaries to the Teuz: *Left: Iacoberi, F ...

*Right: Crișul Nou, Crișul Băița, Valea Neagră, Crăiasa, Crișul Pietros, Talpe, Mizieș, Nimăiești, Ioaniș, Valea Roșie, Prisaca,

Săliște Săliște ( or ''Selischte''; ) is a town in Sibiu County, in the centre of Romania, west of the county capital, Sibiu. Declared a town in 2003, it is the main locality in the Mărginimea Sibiului area. Geography The town is situated at the ed ...

, Holod, Pusta, Saraz, Valea Nouă

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Crișul Negru Rivers of Romania Rivers of Bihor County Rivers of Hungary International rivers of Europe