''Criniger'' is a genus of

songbird A songbird is a bird belonging to the suborder Passeri of the perching birds (Passeriformes). Another name that is sometimes seen as the scientific or vernacular name is Oscines, from Latin ''oscen'', "songbird". The Passeriformes contains 5,00 ...

s in the

bulbul The bulbuls are members of a family, Pycnonotidae, of medium-sized passerine songbirds, which also includes greenbuls, brownbuls, leafloves, and bristlebills. The family is distributed across most of Africa and into the Middle East, tropic ...

family, Pycnonotidae. The species of ''Criniger'' are found in western and central Africa.

Taxonomy

The genus ''Criniger'' was introduced in 1820 by the Dutch zoologist

Coenraad Jacob Temminck Coenraad Jacob Temminck (; 31 March 1778 – 30 January 1858) was a Dutch people, Dutch patrician, Zoology, zoologist and museum director. Biography Coenraad Jacob Temminck was born on 31 March 1778 in Amsterdam in the Dutch Republic. Fro ...

, the name ''Criniger'' is

Latin Latin ( or ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic languages, Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally spoken by the Latins (Italic tribe), Latins in Latium (now known as Lazio), the lower Tiber area aroun ...

for "long-haired" (from ''crinis'', meaning "hair" and ''gerere'', meaning "to carry"). A year later Temminck designated the

type species In International_Code_of_Zoological_Nomenclature, zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the spe ...

as the western bearded greenbul.

Species

The genus contains five species:

Former species

Formerly, some authorities also considered the following species (or subspecies) as species within the genus ''Criniger'': * Striated bulbul (as ''Tricophorus striatus'' or ''Criniger striatus'') * Streak-eared bulbul (as ''Criniger Conradi'') * Western greenbul (as ''Trichophorus tephrolaemus'') * Olive-headed greenbul (as ''Criniger olivaceiceps'') * Golden greenbul (as ''Criniger serinus'') * Honeyguide greenbul (as ''Criniger indicator'') * Upper Guinea honeyguide greenbul (as ''Trichophorus leucurus'') * Yellow-bellied greenbul (as ''Trichophorus flaviventris'') * Falkenstein's greenbul (as ''Criniger Falkensteini'') * Simple greenbul (as ''Trichophorus simplex'') * Yellow-throated leaflove (as ''Trichophorus flavicollis'' or ''Criniger flavicollis'') * Uganda yellow-throated greenbul (as ''Trichophorus flavigula'') * Northern brownbul (as ''Criniger strepitans'') * Fischer's greenbul (as ''Criniger Fischeri'') * Cabanis's greenbul (as ''Criniger cabanisi'') * Icterine greenbul (as ''Trichophorus icterinus'') * Red-tailed bristlebill (multicolor) (as ''Criniger multicolor'') * Green-tailed bristlebill (as ''Trichophorus eximius'') * Yellow-lored bristlebill (as ''Trichophorus notatus'') * Grey-headed bristlebill (as ''Trichophorus canicapillus'') * Finsch's bulbul (as ''Criniger finschi'') * White-throated bulbul (as ''Trichophorus flaveolus'' or ''Criniger flaveolus'') * White-throated bulbul (burmanicus) (as ''Criniger burmanicus'') * Puff-throated bulbul (as ''Criniger pallidus'') * Grey-crowned bulbul (as ''Criniger griseiceps'') * Puff-throated bulbul (henrici) (as ''Criniger Henrici'') * Ochraceous bulbul (as ''Criniger ochraceus'') * Ochraceous bulbul (sordidus) (as ''Criniger sordidus'') * Ochraceous bulbul (sumatranus) (as ''Criniger sumatranus'') * Ochraceous bulbul (ruficrissus) (as ''Criniger ruficrissus'') * Grey-cheeked bulbul (as ''Criniger bres'') * Grey-cheeked bulbul (tephrogenys) (as ''Trichophorus tephrogenys'') * Grey-cheeked bulbul (gutturalis) (as ''Trichophorus gutturalis'' or ''Criniger gutturalis'') * Palawan bulbul (as ''Criniger frater'') * Yellow-bellied bulbul (as ''Criniger phaeocephalus'') * Yellow-bellied bulbul (diardi) (as ''Criniger diardi'') * Yellow-bellied bulbul (sulphuratus) (as ''Trichophorus sulphuratus'') * Yellow-browed bulbul (as ''Trichophorus indicus'') * Yellow-browed bulbul (icterica) (as ''Criniger ictericus'') * Hairy-backed bulbul (as ''Trichophorus minutus'') * Hairy-backed bulbul (sericeus) (as ''Criniger sericea'') * Grey-eyed bulbul (as ''Criniger propinquus'') * Charlotte's bulbul (as ''Criniger charlottae'') * Sulphur-bellied bulbul (as ''Criniger palawanensis'') * Seram golden bulbul (as ''Criniger affinis'') * Ambon golden bulbul (as ''Trichophorus flavicaudus'') * Northern golden bulbul (as ''Criniger longirostris'') * Sangihe golden bulbul (as ''Criniger Platenae'') * Togian golden bulbul (as ''Criniger aureus'') * Halmahera golden bulbul (as ''Criniger Chloris'') * Buru golden bulbul (as ''Criniger mystacalis'') * Yellowish bulbul (as ''Criniger Everetti'') * Sulu bulbul (as ''Criniger Haynaldi'')

Taxonomy

Species

Former species

References

Further reading